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Zhou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;NCP-ArchPreview Technical Report: Moving towards Latent Space Language Models through Next Concept Prediction&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6529f79e802e3d1a4f8ec662&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/d05320c370a6497d8792ef5acb563dd5.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Yuliang Liu&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;yuliang03181&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;yuliang03181&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We introduce NCP-ArchPreview, a latent-space language model that pushes autoregressive pretraining beyond standard next-token prediction (NTP). Alongside NTP, the model learns through Next Concept Prediction (NCP) to predict discrete concepts that span multiple tokens, introducing an explicit and more challenging concept-level objective while preserving standard token-level autoregressive generation. NCP-ArchPreview builds a latent space by constructing a product-quantized concept vocabulary directly from its hidden states, and subsequently learns to predict future concepts via a dedicated Concept Module. These predicted concepts are then fed back to the token level to guide subsequent generation, with NTP and NCP trained jointly end-to-end. We scale this architecture to 8.9B parameters and train it on 5.73T tokens from the Dolma-3 dataset, marking the largest demonstration of a latent-space language model to date. Remarkably, by consuming only 51.3% of the total training tokens, NCP-ArchPreview achieves the final pretraining loss of OLMo-3-7B. Following full pretraining, it outperforms OLMo-3-7B by 2.45 points on the downstream macro-average, including a notable 5.99-point gain on GSM8K. Controlled experiments isolate a clear progression of performance gains stemming from both the latent architecture and the NCP objective. Furthermore, utilizing only 85% of the standard computation, NCP-ArchPreview approaches the training loss of a strictly parameter-aligned 8.9B baseline. The learned latent space remains highly valuable after the pretraining stage: updating just the 17M-parameter VQ module yields a novel, lightweight interface for domain adaptation, while a simple injection of concept representations into a DFlash2 drafter improves the mean accepted length by 4.17% with negligible overhead.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:157,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa36c8647a406da7901e739&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;NCP-ArchPreview is a large latent-space language model that jointly trains next-token and next-concept prediction to improve pretraining efficiency and downstream performance.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;latent-space language model&quot;,&quot;next-token prediction&quot;,&quot;Next Concept Prediction&quot;,&quot;product-quantized concept vocabulary&quot;,&quot;Concept Module&quot;,&quot;autoregressive generation&quot;,&quot;domain adaptation&quot;,&quot;DFlash2 drafter&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;NCP-ArchPreview Technical Report: Moving towards Latent Space Language Models through Next Concept Prediction&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We introduce NCP-ArchPreview, a latent-space language model that pushes autoregressive pretraining beyond standard next-token prediction (NTP). Alongside NTP, the model learns through Next Concept Prediction (NCP) to predict discrete concepts that span multiple tokens, introducing an explicit and more challenging concept-level objective while preserving standard token-level autoregressive generation. NCP-ArchPreview builds a latent space by constructing a product-quantized concept vocabulary directly from its hidden states, and subsequently learns to predict future concepts via a dedicated Concept Module. These predicted concepts are then fed back to the token level to guide subsequent generation, with NTP and NCP trained jointly end-to-end. We scale this architecture to 8.9B parameters and train it on 5.73T tokens from the Dolma-3 dataset, marking the largest demonstration of a latent-space language model to date. Remarkably, by consuming only 51.3% of the total training tokens, NCP-ArchPreview achieves the final pretraining loss of OLMo-3-7B. Following full pretraining, it outperforms OLMo-3-7B by 2.45 points on the downstream macro-average, including a notable 5.99-point gain on GSM8K. Controlled experiments isolate a clear progression of performance gains stemming from both the latent architecture and the NCP objective. Furthermore, utilizing only 85% of the standard computation, NCP-ArchPreview approaches the training loss of a strictly parameter-aligned 8.9B baseline. 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Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6f5&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shihao Bai&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6f6&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shuang Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6f7&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shuya Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6f8&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shuyan Zheng&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6f9&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Silei Wu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6fa&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Siying Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6fb&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Tao Chu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6fc&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Tianbo Zhong&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6fd&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Tongxi Zhou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6fe&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Weichao Luo&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e6ff&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Weichen Fan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e700&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wenhao Jia&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e701&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wenjie Gao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e702&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xiangli Kong&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e703&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yan Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e704&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yang Yong&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e705&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zimo Wen&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e706&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zixuan Qian&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e707&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wenxiu Sun&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e708&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ruihao Gong&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e709&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Quan Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e70a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Lewei Lu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e70b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Lei Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e70c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ziwei Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa369c447a406da7901e70d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Dahua Lin&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;SenseNova-U1.5: Towards Native Unified Visual Intelligence&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We launch SenseNova-U1.5, an 8B-MoT native unified multimodal model that understands, reasons about, and generates visual content within an encoder-free and VAE-free architecture. We strengthen its visual interface through spatially coherent patch reconstruction and scale its training with carefully curated generation and editing data, improved task formulation, structural prompt enhancement, and native resolutions of up to 4K. For post-training, we optimize specialized experts for visual aesthetics, bilingual text rendering, infographic generation, and image editing, and consolidate their capabilities through multi-expert on-policy distillation. Across extensive evaluations, SenseNova-U1.5 largely advances image fidelity, text rendering, complex composition, multi-reference editing, and interleaved generation, while improving instruction following and preserving subject identity, geometry, and unmodified regions. Despite limited exposure to structured formats in its generation data, SenseNova-U1.5 generalizes effectively to long, complex, and structured visual instructions, further proving that multimodal understanding can transfer to visual planning and creation. Together, these findings position native unified modelling as a promising path towards systems that perceive, reason and create within a fully end-to-end framework. We will open-source training code, including supervised fine-tuning, reinforcement learning, and on-policy distillation.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:124,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa369c547a406da7901e70e&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;SenseNova-U1.5 is an 8B native unified multimodal model that performs visual understanding, reasoning, and generation without encoders or VAEs, achieving high fidelity and instruction following through patch reconstruction, curated data, expert optimization, and on-policy distillation.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;8B-MoT&quot;,&quot;native unified multimodal model&quot;,&quot;encoder-free&quot;,&quot;VAE-free&quot;,&quot;spatially coherent patch reconstruction&quot;,&quot;multi-expert on-policy distillation&quot;,&quot;visual aesthetics&quot;,&quot;bilingual text rendering&quot;,&quot;infographic generation&quot;,&quot;interleaved generation&quot;,&quot;reinforcement learning&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;SenseNova-U1.5: Towards Native Unified Visual Intelligence&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We launch SenseNova-U1.5, an 8B-MoT native unified multimodal model that understands, reasons about, and generates visual content within an encoder-free and VAE-free architecture. We strengthen its visual interface through spatially coherent patch reconstruction and scale its training with carefully curated generation and editing data, improved task formulation, structural prompt enhancement, and native resolutions of up to 4K. For post-training, we optimize specialized experts for visual aesthetics, bilingual text rendering, infographic generation, and image editing, and consolidate their capabilities through multi-expert on-policy distillation. Across extensive evaluations, SenseNova-U1.5 largely advances image fidelity, text rendering, complex composition, multi-reference editing, and interleaved generation, while improving instruction following and preserving subject identity, geometry, and unmodified regions. Despite limited exposure to structured formats in its generation data, SenseNova-U1.5 generalizes effectively to long, complex, and structured visual instructions, further proving that multimodal understanding can transfer to visual planning and creation. Together, these findings position native unified modelling as a promising path towards systems that perceive, reason and create within a fully end-to-end framework. We will open-source training code, including supervised fine-tuning, reinforcement learning, and on-policy distillation.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11929.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:373,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.07064&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa21457a2aeb74440b1dd87&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;660beaac9b5015f91d6b4308&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/38459c92f2bc1b95a3ee43ce0234c9c8.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Soohyun Ryu&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;rsoohyun&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;rsoohyun&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Soohyun Ryu&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T08:45:05.222Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa21457a2aeb74440b1dd88&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6690a286181e2af45c742dd8&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/511d0f86386e3b29a17b445d855b3aef.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Sohee Kim&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;joyhee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;joyhee&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sohee Kim&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T08:45:05.229Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa21457a2aeb74440b1dd89&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Eunho Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-07T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;SpatialBlock: Enhancing Spatial Intelligence in LVLMs via Synthetic Block-Stacking Problem&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;660beaac9b5015f91d6b4308&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/38459c92f2bc1b95a3ee43ce0234c9c8.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Soohyun Ryu&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;rsoohyun&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;rsoohyun&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved strong performance on diverse visual tasks, yet their ability to reconstruct and reason about the 3D structure of the scene depicted in 2D images -- referred to as spatial intelligence -- remains limited. Existing approaches attempt to address this gap by using real-scene spatial question answering datasets that require dense geometric annotations. However, constructing such labels is costly, time-consuming, and often noisy due to reliance on external perception modules. In this work, we propose a novel paradigm inspired by human cognitive development: learning foundational spatial skills through structured block-manipulation tasks. We introduce SpatialBlock-15k, a synthetic dataset of 15,000 block-stacking problems covering 3D-to-2D projection, viewpoint transformation, and structural combination. The dataset further incorporates controlled color modulation as visual cues to encourage anchor-based reasoning in visually complex conditions. Experiments demonstrate that LVLMs trained on our dataset through either direct answering or reasoning-based prediction significantly outperform baselines and generalize to real-world spatial tasks, despite the dataset's synthetic and compact nature. Code and data are available at https://github.com/rsoohyun/SpatialBlock.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:55,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa21458a2aeb74440b1dd8a&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/rsoohyun/SpatialBlock&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Large vision-language models trained on synthetic block-manipulation tasks improve 3D spatial reasoning and generalize to real-world visual tasks.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Large Vision-Language Models&quot;,&quot;spatial intelligence&quot;,&quot;3D-to-2D projection&quot;,&quot;viewpoint transformation&quot;,&quot;structural combination&quot;,&quot;anchor-based reasoning&quot;,&quot;reasoning-based prediction&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6475760c33192631bad2bb38&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;kaist-ai&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;KAIST AI&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6469949654873f0043b09c22/aaZFiyXe1qR-Dmy_xq67m.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-06T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;SpatialBlock: Enhancing Spatial Intelligence in LVLMs via Synthetic Block-Stacking Problem&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved strong performance on diverse visual tasks, yet their ability to reconstruct and reason about the 3D structure of the scene depicted in 2D images -- referred to as spatial intelligence -- remains limited. Existing approaches attempt to address this gap by using real-scene spatial question answering datasets that require dense geometric annotations. However, constructing such labels is costly, time-consuming, and often noisy due to reliance on external perception modules. In this work, we propose a novel paradigm inspired by human cognitive development: learning foundational spatial skills through structured block-manipulation tasks. We introduce SpatialBlock-15k, a synthetic dataset of 15,000 block-stacking problems covering 3D-to-2D projection, viewpoint transformation, and structural combination. The dataset further incorporates controlled color modulation as visual cues to encourage anchor-based reasoning in visually complex conditions. Experiments demonstrate that LVLMs trained on our dataset through either direct answering or reasoning-based prediction significantly outperform baselines and generalize to real-world spatial tasks, despite the dataset's synthetic and compact nature. Code and data are available at https://github.com/rsoohyun/SpatialBlock.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.07064.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;660beaac9b5015f91d6b4308&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/38459c92f2bc1b95a3ee43ce0234c9c8.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Soohyun Ryu&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;rsoohyun&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6475760c33192631bad2bb38&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;kaist-ai&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;KAIST AI&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6469949654873f0043b09c22/aaZFiyXe1qR-Dmy_xq67m.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.05903&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e028&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67f5c7f215e30a165ee73334&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/6bmu8qdzZtvQK37I4RiXH.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Nanxi Li&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;andyc03&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;andyc03&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Nanxi Li&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T16:45:04.690Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e029&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yingzi Ma&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yulong Cao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Edward Suh&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bo Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Dawn Song&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chaowei Xiao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-05T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;EvoSafeHarness: Evolving Model- and Domain-Specific Harnesses for Securing Agents&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67f5c7f215e30a165ee73334&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/6bmu8qdzZtvQK37I4RiXH.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Nanxi Li&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;andyc03&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;andyc03&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Large Language Model (LLM) agents are turning language into real-world effects, making safety necessary against both indirect prompt injections and direct harmful requests. System-level safety harnesses add an enforcement layer beyond model-level defenses, but existing harnesses are usually designed once by experts and applied across heterogeneous models and domains. Effective protection is deployment-dependent: models differ in how much enforcement they need before utility declines, while domains differ in the effects, state, and action sequences that must be governed. A harness that is strict enough for one model may over-block another, and a policy that transfers across domains may miss application-specific safety relations.\n  We present EvoSafeHarness, a safety-specific optimization framework that synthesizes a deployable harness for a frozen model in a target domain. It jointly searches a natural-language policy and executable code logic, guided by model behavior, domain specifications, and fresh-context adversarial review to reject benchmark-specific rules. Across four agent benchmark families, EvoSafeHarness achieves a stronger safety-utility frontier than fixed expert-designed defenses. On DecodingTrust-Agent, it reduces average attack success rate from 45.6% to 10.0% at a 3.3-point utility cost and achieves the best score in 14 of 15 cells. On AgentDojo, it reaches 82.8% utility at 0.0% ASR, twice CaMeL's utility at the same operating point, and transfers unchanged to unseen AgentDyn suites. It also achieves the best score on Agent-SafetyBench for every victim and keeps mean ASR below 20% under adaptive PAIR attacks with a refinement budget of 16. Analysis shows that domain semantics determine which safety relations and trajectory state are needed, while model and runtime behavior determine how and where those relations should be enforced.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:36,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa27ee9a2aeb74440b1e02f&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://andylinx.github.io/EvoSafeHarness/&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/SaFo-Lab/EvoSafeHarness&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;EvoSafeHarness optimizes deployable safety harnesses by jointly searching natural-language policies and executable logic tailored to a frozen model and target domain, improving safety-utility trade-offs across agent benchmarks.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;LLM agents&quot;,&quot;indirect prompt injection&quot;,&quot;system-level safety harness&quot;,&quot;EvoSafeHarness&quot;,&quot;natural-language policy&quot;,&quot;executable code logic&quot;,&quot;adversarial review&quot;,&quot;safety-utility frontier&quot;,&quot;attack success rate&quot;,&quot;DecodingTrust-Agent&quot;,&quot;AgentDojo&quot;,&quot;PAIR attacks&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:1,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;653945b47ba797097a7b4eab&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;JohnsHopkins&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Johns Hopkins University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/653944e58e687a41625a4694/qqHzBOarppVrUuZbbjqwh.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-04T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;EvoSafeHarness: Evolving Model- and Domain-Specific Harnesses for Securing Agents&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Large Language Model (LLM) agents are turning language into real-world effects, making safety necessary against both indirect prompt injections and direct harmful requests. System-level safety harnesses add an enforcement layer beyond model-level defenses, but existing harnesses are usually designed once by experts and applied across heterogeneous models and domains. Effective protection is deployment-dependent: models differ in how much enforcement they need before utility declines, while domains differ in the effects, state, and action sequences that must be governed. A harness that is strict enough for one model may over-block another, and a policy that transfers across domains may miss application-specific safety relations.\n  We present EvoSafeHarness, a safety-specific optimization framework that synthesizes a deployable harness for a frozen model in a target domain. It jointly searches a natural-language policy and executable code logic, guided by model behavior, domain specifications, and fresh-context adversarial review to reject benchmark-specific rules. Across four agent benchmark families, EvoSafeHarness achieves a stronger safety-utility frontier than fixed expert-designed defenses. On DecodingTrust-Agent, it reduces average attack success rate from 45.6% to 10.0% at a 3.3-point utility cost and achieves the best score in 14 of 15 cells. On AgentDojo, it reaches 82.8% utility at 0.0% ASR, twice CaMeL's utility at the same operating point, and transfers unchanged to unseen AgentDyn suites. It also achieves the best score on Agent-SafetyBench for every victim and keeps mean ASR below 20% under adaptive PAIR attacks with a refinement budget of 16. Analysis shows that domain semantics determine which safety relations and trajectory state are needed, while model and runtime behavior determine how and where those relations should be enforced.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.05903.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67f5c7f215e30a165ee73334&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/6bmu8qdzZtvQK37I4RiXH.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Nanxi Li&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;andyc03&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:2,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;653945b47ba797097a7b4eab&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;JohnsHopkins&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Johns Hopkins University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/653944e58e687a41625a4694/qqHzBOarppVrUuZbbjqwh.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11317&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3967047a406da7901e7ff&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69e1eb933ceb9605d4db2007&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/d2899498627e36d573965d713ec87c89.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiayin Chen&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;cnbird&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cnbird&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jiayin Chen&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T08:45:04.759Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3967047a406da7901e800&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yicheng Xu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3967047a406da7901e801&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a1ecd3fdc5908e8dd1d2fba&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/c38bad66752804d41dace2df11b575d8.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;muwing wang&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;muwing&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;muwing&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Muting Wang&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T09:53:18.773Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Mi-Ripple: Restoring Images Degraded by Iterative AI Editing&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69e1eb933ceb9605d4db2007&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/d2899498627e36d573965d713ec87c89.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiayin Chen&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;cnbird&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cnbird&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Iterative reference-conditioned image editing can introduce grid-like and granular textures, commonly described as digital ripple. We present Mi-Ripple, a diagnosis-guided restoration workflow that suppresses this digital ripple while protecting image structure. Mi-Ripple separates periodic lattice artifacts from content-entangled granular texture, then combines selective spectral notching, structure-aware smoothing, and cleaned-reference regeneration. This separation enables low-distortion filtering when artifacts are spectrally isolated and visual reconstruction when filtering would erase legitimate detail. Across fourteen notch-only executions, whole-image residual standard deviation is 0.08--0.44 in CIELAB lightness units. In a paired regeneration example, reference cleaning reduces output debris density by 45\\%. Mi-Ripple links measurable artifact reduction to visibly cleaner generated images, rather than optimizing a spectral score alone.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:20,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3967147a406da7901e802&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://lab.miyang.cn/ripple/&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/miyang-ai/Mi-Ripple&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Mi-Ripple reduces digital ripple artifacts in edited images by separating lattice artifacts from texture and applying targeted spectral filtering and reference cleaning.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Mi-Ripple&quot;,&quot;digital ripple&quot;,&quot;periodic lattice artifacts&quot;,&quot;spectral notching&quot;,&quot;structure-aware smoothing&quot;,&quot;cleaned-reference regeneration&quot;,&quot;CIELAB lightness&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:32,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c33df87217ec43aa3ecc&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Miyang-AI&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Miyang Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/69e1eb933ceb9605d4db2007/-cr0jWbvkbFP9qIHCwfXX.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Mi-Ripple: Restoring Images Degraded by Iterative AI Editing&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Iterative reference-conditioned image editing can introduce grid-like and granular textures, commonly described as digital ripple. We present Mi-Ripple, a diagnosis-guided restoration workflow that suppresses this digital ripple while protecting image structure. Mi-Ripple separates periodic lattice artifacts from content-entangled granular texture, then combines selective spectral notching, structure-aware smoothing, and cleaned-reference regeneration. This separation enables low-distortion filtering when artifacts are spectrally isolated and visual reconstruction when filtering would erase legitimate detail. Across fourteen notch-only executions, whole-image residual standard deviation is 0.08--0.44 in CIELAB lightness units. In a paired regeneration example, reference cleaning reduces output debris density by 45\\%. Mi-Ripple links measurable artifact reduction to visibly cleaner generated images, rather than optimizing a spectral score alone.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11317.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:2,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69e1eb933ceb9605d4db2007&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/d2899498627e36d573965d713ec87c89.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiayin Chen&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cnbird&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c33df87217ec43aa3ecc&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Miyang-AI&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Miyang Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/69e1eb933ceb9605d4db2007/-cr0jWbvkbFP9qIHCwfXX.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11412&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e805&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Haojun Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e806&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yi Zou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e807&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Min Chen&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e808&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;692fa5d17ff1da99eb783dfb&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/692fa5d17ff1da99eb783dfb/GZ2TD9ua-pigxz5kEHRYX.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Qize Yu&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;Skywalker0410&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Skywalker0410&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Qize Yu&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T08:45:04.771Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e809&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Lianrui Fan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e80a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xini Ding&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e80b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hao Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e80c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shuchang Zhou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e80d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xianming Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa397d547a406da7901e80e&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6406db5cd684369027166986&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/Zl-orrGcbY0RbfjfKszn1.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Shiyu Huang&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;ShiyuHuang&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ShiyuHuang&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shiyu Huang&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T08:45:04.765Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/LqtMDn_MJsPpxMH73nkD0.png&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;X-AuT: Progressive Audio-Encoder Compression for Speech LLMs with Cross-Scale Distillation&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6406db5cd684369027166986&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/Zl-orrGcbY0RbfjfKszn1.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Shiyu Huang&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;ShiyuHuang&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ShiyuHuang&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Reducing audio-encoder depth lowers the inference cost of speech large language models, but removing complete blocks perturbs the embeddings consumed by the decoder and can cause deletion and premature end-of-sequence errors. We introduce X-AuT, a progressive framework that selects layer combinations through short behavioral probes and restores the pruned model through representation alignment, cross-scale distillation, scheduled student-policy supervision, and LoRA finetuning. The language-model backbone remains frozen, while attention LoRA adapters and the tied output embedding adapt during distillation. Training uses the highest-agreement tier from a transcript-consistency pipeline, followed by source reweighting during finetuning. On ten public Chinese--English benchmarks, compressing Qwen3-ASR-0.6B from 18 to 16 audio-encoder layers reduces macro-average error from 5.61% to 5.27%. The 14-layer model reaches 5.75% with 20.7% fewer audio-tower parameters. Under the matched recipe, the 1.7B teacher yields 5.55% mean error, compared with 8.45% for self-distillation, and progressive 18rightarrow14 pruning outperforms direct pruning (5.75% vs. 6.73%). These single-run results establish two practical operating points and show that the accuracy effects vary across benchmarks. Project website: https://xpeng-ai.github.io/x-aut&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:13,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa397d647a406da7901e80f&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://xpeng-ai.github.io/x-aut&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/XPENG-AI/X-AuT&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;X-AuT progressively prunes audio-encoder layers in speech large language models and restores accuracy via behavioral probes, representation alignment, cross-scale distillation, and LoRA adaptation.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;speech large language models&quot;,&quot;audio-encoder depth&quot;,&quot;X-AuT&quot;,&quot;behavioral probes&quot;,&quot;representation alignment&quot;,&quot;cross-scale distillation&quot;,&quot;LoRA finetuning&quot;,&quot;attention LoRA adapters&quot;,&quot;transcript-consistency pipeline&quot;,&quot;source reweighting&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:7,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa24a85fc727b9188a95572&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;XPENG-AI&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;XPENG AI&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/DAJtDU_HssW_R7WIw0USp.jpeg&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;X-AuT: Progressive Audio-Encoder Compression for Speech LLMs with Cross-Scale Distillation&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Reducing audio-encoder depth lowers the inference cost of speech large language models, but removing complete blocks perturbs the embeddings consumed by the decoder and can cause deletion and premature end-of-sequence errors. We introduce X-AuT, a progressive framework that selects layer combinations through short behavioral probes and restores the pruned model through representation alignment, cross-scale distillation, scheduled student-policy supervision, and LoRA finetuning. The language-model backbone remains frozen, while attention LoRA adapters and the tied output embedding adapt during distillation. Training uses the highest-agreement tier from a transcript-consistency pipeline, followed by source reweighting during finetuning. On ten public Chinese--English benchmarks, compressing Qwen3-ASR-0.6B from 18 to 16 audio-encoder layers reduces macro-average error from 5.61% to 5.27%. The 14-layer model reaches 5.75% with 20.7% fewer audio-tower parameters. Under the matched recipe, the 1.7B teacher yields 5.55% mean error, compared with 8.45% for self-distillation, and progressive 18rightarrow14 pruning outperforms direct pruning (5.75% vs. 6.73%). These single-run results establish two practical operating points and show that the accuracy effects vary across benchmarks. Project website: https://xpeng-ai.github.io/x-aut&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/LqtMDn_MJsPpxMH73nkD0.png&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11412.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6406db5cd684369027166986&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/Zl-orrGcbY0RbfjfKszn1.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Shiyu Huang&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ShiyuHuang&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:9,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa24a85fc727b9188a95572&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;XPENG-AI&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;XPENG AI&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6406db5cd684369027166986/DAJtDU_HssW_R7WIw0USp.jpeg&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11561&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e99b&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6769003931100198233acfc9&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6769003931100198233acfc9/4HOr-exIRu9lyBt8JQWZ2.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;SizheZhao&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;SizheZhao&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;SizheZhao&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sizhe Zhao&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T12:32:31.516Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e99c&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a/vWfFNVtMkHl8gieha5PPd.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Haozhe Xie&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;hzxie&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;hzxie&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Haozhe Xie&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T12:32:29.662Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e99d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Weiyu Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e99e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chenchu Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e99f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Huan Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e9a0&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chenyang Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e9a1&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Qinglin Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e9a2&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shengping Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a/clT7ifvITIQhw6ni64AqX.mp4&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Memory as Plans: World-Action Modeling with Memory-Grounded Planning&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a/vWfFNVtMkHl8gieha5PPd.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Haozhe Xie&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;hzxie&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;hzxie&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Mainstream robotic policies often adopt a Markovian formulation, but many complex real-world manipulation tasks are inherently non-Markovian, requiring long-horizon memory beyond the current observation. Existing memory mechanisms often rely on language summaries, growing visual windows, or their combinations, and may therefore lose fine-grained visual evidence or face a trade-off between history coverage and execution efficiency. We introduce MaP-WAM, a Memory-as-Plans framework that decomposes memory-dependent world-action modeling into memory-grounded planning and plan-conditioned execution, and uses long-term multimodal episodic context as planning-time evidence rather than repeatedly conditioning the executor on the full history. MaP-WAM represents memory as completed segment records containing language instructions and sparse visual context, and converts this episodic memory into compact plans comprising the next segment-level language plan and corresponding visual guidance. A World-Action-Progress (WAP) model executes each plan over an unknown duration by jointly predicting action chunks and corresponding execution progress at inference time, calibrating predicted progress through plan-observation alignment for adaptive segment transitions and closed-loop context updates. MaP-WAM keeps the executor context length fixed, while structured attention further enables key-value caching in both planning and execution. MaP-WAM achieves state-of-the-art performance on RMBench with an 83.3% success rate and attains 78.0% success on real-robot tasks, while maintaining approximately constant executor inference latency as task history grows.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:9,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3de9c47a406da7901e9a3&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://sizhezhao.github.io/projects/MaP-WAM/&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/aipixel/MaP-WAM&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;MaP-WAM improves non-Markovian robotic manipulation by separating memory-grounded planning from plan-conditioned execution, using compact episodic segment records and progress-calibrated action chunks to maintain fixed inference latency.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;MaP-WAM&quot;,&quot;Memory-as-Plans&quot;,&quot;non-Markovian&quot;,&quot;world-action modeling&quot;,&quot;episodic memory&quot;,&quot;segment records&quot;,&quot;visual guidance&quot;,&quot;World-Action-Progress model&quot;,&quot;action chunks&quot;,&quot;execution progress&quot;,&quot;structured attention&quot;,&quot;key-value caching&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Memory as Plans: World-Action Modeling with Memory-Grounded Planning&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Mainstream robotic policies often adopt a Markovian formulation, but many complex real-world manipulation tasks are inherently non-Markovian, requiring long-horizon memory beyond the current observation. Existing memory mechanisms often rely on language summaries, growing visual windows, or their combinations, and may therefore lose fine-grained visual evidence or face a trade-off between history coverage and execution efficiency. We introduce MaP-WAM, a Memory-as-Plans framework that decomposes memory-dependent world-action modeling into memory-grounded planning and plan-conditioned execution, and uses long-term multimodal episodic context as planning-time evidence rather than repeatedly conditioning the executor on the full history. MaP-WAM represents memory as completed segment records containing language instructions and sparse visual context, and converts this episodic memory into compact plans comprising the next segment-level language plan and corresponding visual guidance. A World-Action-Progress (WAP) model executes each plan over an unknown duration by jointly predicting action chunks and corresponding execution progress at inference time, calibrating predicted progress through plan-observation alignment for adaptive segment transitions and closed-loop context updates. MaP-WAM keeps the executor context length fixed, while structured attention further enables key-value caching in both planning and execution. MaP-WAM achieves state-of-the-art performance on RMBench with an 83.3% success rate and attains 78.0% success on real-robot tasks, while maintaining approximately constant executor inference latency as task history grows.&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a/clT7ifvITIQhw6ni64AqX.mp4&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11561.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63f47b5321eb234ab739e91a/vWfFNVtMkHl8gieha5PPd.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Haozhe Xie&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;hzxie&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:27,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11499&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36ba647a406da7901e717&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zhiqi Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36ba647a406da7901e718&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yuxuan Liao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36ba647a406da7901e719&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bo Zhu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Recursive Code World Models: Building Complex Worlds through Recursive Scene Programs&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Code world models represent worlds as executable programs, but this representation alone does not determine how to construct a complex world. We introduce Recursive Code World Models (RCWM), a framework for reconstructing complex 3D worlds in code from a single reference image. RCWM couples a Recursive Scene Program (RSP) representation with a construction solver that recursively calls itself. An RSP represents the executable world as compositional scene code, while each solver call follows the same complete process: establish the whole, recursively reconstruct unresolved parts, and revisit the whole to refine their composition. This global-local-global recursion gives fine-scale structures their own perception-and-editing loops while preserving scene-wide geometry and relationships. Reference-aligned views propagate a shared camera projection across levels, while parent revisitation addresses boundaries, spatial relations, and shared errors that emerge after local refinement. A vision-language coding agent directly compares reference images with scene renders to guide refinement, recursive descent, and return. Across complex scenes, RCWM outperforms prior code-based image-to-scene reconstruction methods. Ablation studies further support the benefits of recursive construction and suggest that deeper calls can improve finer-scale reconstruction. RCWM provides a recursive construction principle for building complex executable worlds from visual evidence.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:6,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa36ba747a406da7901e71a&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;RCWM recursively builds complex 3D worlds as executable code from a single image by alternating global and local reconstruction with shared camera alignment.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Recursive Code World Models&quot;,&quot;Recursive Scene Program&quot;,&quot;vision-language coding agent&quot;,&quot;recursive construction&quot;,&quot;code-based image-to-scene reconstruction&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Recursive Code World Models: Building Complex Worlds through Recursive Scene Programs&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Code world models represent worlds as executable programs, but this representation alone does not determine how to construct a complex world. We introduce Recursive Code World Models (RCWM), a framework for reconstructing complex 3D worlds in code from a single reference image. RCWM couples a Recursive Scene Program (RSP) representation with a construction solver that recursively calls itself. An RSP represents the executable world as compositional scene code, while each solver call follows the same complete process: establish the whole, recursively reconstruct unresolved parts, and revisit the whole to refine their composition. This global-local-global recursion gives fine-scale structures their own perception-and-editing loops while preserving scene-wide geometry and relationships. Reference-aligned views propagate a shared camera projection across levels, while parent revisitation addresses boundaries, spatial relations, and shared errors that emerge after local refinement. A vision-language coding agent directly compares reference images with scene renders to guide refinement, recursive descent, and return. Across complex scenes, RCWM outperforms prior code-based image-to-scene reconstruction methods. Ablation studies further support the benefits of recursive construction and suggest that deeper calls can improve finer-scale reconstruction. RCWM provides a recursive construction principle for building complex executable worlds from visual evidence.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11499.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:0,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:373,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.01515&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f4&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;65e7d63b14856e8859f1924c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/bc58ab252c7b4d95ff99e4506fb8d3e9.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Pei Wenqi&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;CedPei&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;CedPei&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wenqi Pei&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T08:45:04.689Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f5&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Henry Hengyuan Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f6&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yilai Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f7&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;65a28e129acab19980226731&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/abc3828f807efc4e03837b0eae063f98.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiahao Meng&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;marinero4972&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;marinero4972&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jiahao Meng&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T09:53:35.230Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f8&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6399c67bf78f75ae73146760&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6399c67bf78f75ae73146760/LAZxoSRD-hte-S9736iyg.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;CHEN Han&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;Concyclics&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Concyclics&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Han Chen&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T09:53:37.834Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5f9&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ziyu Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5fa&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hongyang Du&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;TempCloze: Can Video-LLMs Identify the Missing Middle?&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;65e7d63b14856e8859f1924c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/bc58ab252c7b4d95ff99e4506fb8d3e9.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Pei Wenqi&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;CedPei&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;CedPei&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Temporal reasoning benchmarks for Video-LLMs are often mediated by language, leaving room for linguistic shortcuts from option wording, answer correlations, or language priors. To reduce such shortcuts, we introduce TempCloze, a video cloze benchmark for evaluating visual temporal reasoning in Video-LLMs. Given the beginning and ending clips of a video, models must identify the true missing middle from four candidates. TempCloze contains 1,521 carefully filtered videos from seven sources, mainly long-take and egocentric videos. We construct same-source distractors along three dimensions: Semantic asks what event should happen, Alignment probes when it should occur, and Progression tests how it should unfold, while shared scenes and objects reduce appearance cues. Our evaluation of 10 proprietary and 21 open-source Video-LLMs reveals Alignment as the primary bottleneck: models often recognize plausible semantic content and local event progression but struggle with temporal alignment. We further conduct error pattern and behavioral sensitivity analyses on TempCloze-Mixed and TempCloze-Hard with four representative models to examine where errors arise and how candidate order, context direction, visible span, frame density, and test-time scaling influence model choices.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:6,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa2f09f47a406da7901e5fb&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/CedricPei/Temporal-Cloze&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;TempCloze evaluates visual temporal reasoning in Video-LLMs by requiring identification of missing video segments from distractors targeting semantics, alignment, and progression.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Video-LLMs&quot;,&quot;temporal reasoning&quot;,&quot;video cloze&quot;,&quot;same-source distractors&quot;,&quot;semantic alignment&quot;,&quot;progression&quot;,&quot;test-time scaling&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:5,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67ea9ecfc234715db8dbf339&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;hkuhk&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;The University of Hong Kong&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/67ea9e8d2d95c10a0da11b0c/FNnR4M7YqKRuG43N5771B.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-08-31T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;TempCloze: Can Video-LLMs Identify the Missing Middle?&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Temporal reasoning benchmarks for Video-LLMs are often mediated by language, leaving room for linguistic shortcuts from option wording, answer correlations, or language priors. To reduce such shortcuts, we introduce TempCloze, a video cloze benchmark for evaluating visual temporal reasoning in Video-LLMs. Given the beginning and ending clips of a video, models must identify the true missing middle from four candidates. TempCloze contains 1,521 carefully filtered videos from seven sources, mainly long-take and egocentric videos. We construct same-source distractors along three dimensions: Semantic asks what event should happen, Alignment probes when it should occur, and Progression tests how it should unfold, while shared scenes and objects reduce appearance cues. Our evaluation of 10 proprietary and 21 open-source Video-LLMs reveals Alignment as the primary bottleneck: models often recognize plausible semantic content and local event progression but struggle with temporal alignment. We further conduct error pattern and behavioral sensitivity analyses on TempCloze-Mixed and TempCloze-Hard with four representative models to examine where errors arise and how candidate order, context direction, visible span, frame density, and test-time scaling influence model choices.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.01515.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;65e7d63b14856e8859f1924c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/bc58ab252c7b4d95ff99e4506fb8d3e9.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Pei Wenqi&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;CedPei&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:2,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67ea9ecfc234715db8dbf339&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;hkuhk&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;The University of Hong Kong&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/67ea9e8d2d95c10a0da11b0c/FNnR4M7YqKRuG43N5771B.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11486&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3706347a406da7901e753&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Vladislav Bargatin&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3706347a406da7901e754&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;663692c75f67f8da32723bf8&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/258264afe2ea5048a4a7a8e9945d2f5b.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Alexander Yakovenko&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;a-yakovenko&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;a-yakovenko&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Alexander Yakovenko&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T09:53:20.868Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3706347a406da7901e755&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Khaled Abud&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3706347a406da7901e756&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Dmitriy Vatolin&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FreeFlow: A Bias-free Hierarchical Transformer for Optical Flow Estimation&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;663692c75f67f8da32723bf8&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/258264afe2ea5048a4a7a8e9945d2f5b.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Alexander Yakovenko&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;a-yakovenko&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;a-yakovenko&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Optical flow methods typically rely on task-specific inductive biases, such as correlation volumes, feature warping, and iterative refinement, among others, to reach high accuracy. While effective, such biases constrain the model to predefined heuristics, which can limit its expressivity and lead to more complex pipelines and additional computational cost. We present FreeFlow, a hierarchical transformer built without any flow-specific components, using instead a single feed-forward encoder--decoder. FreeFlow combines three attention variants: window attention for local processing, shifted-window attention for cross-window information exchange, and a global attention operating at a reduced resolution. The resulting architecture scales naturally with model capacity, enabling a consistent accuracy gain from small to large variants. Despite the absence of standard inductive biases, FreeFlow achieves state-of-the-art results on major benchmarks, including Sintel (0.68/1.48 EPE on Clean/Final), KITTI-2015 (3.23 Fl-all), and Spring (3.192 1px), while remaining memory efficient at 1080p inference.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:5,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3706347a406da7901e757&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/msu-video-group/freeflow&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/msu-video-group/freeflow&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;FreeFlow is a hierarchical transformer for optical flow that eliminates task-specific inductive biases and achieves state-of-the-art accuracy using window, shifted-window, and global attention.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;optical flow&quot;,&quot;correlation volumes&quot;,&quot;feature warping&quot;,&quot;iterative refinement&quot;,&quot;hierarchical transformer&quot;,&quot;feed-forward encoder-decoder&quot;,&quot;window attention&quot;,&quot;shifted-window attention&quot;,&quot;global attention&quot;,&quot;Sintel&quot;,&quot;KITTI-2015&quot;,&quot;Spring&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:2},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FreeFlow: A Bias-free Hierarchical Transformer for Optical Flow Estimation&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Optical flow methods typically rely on task-specific inductive biases, such as correlation volumes, feature warping, and iterative refinement, among others, to reach high accuracy. While effective, such biases constrain the model to predefined heuristics, which can limit its expressivity and lead to more complex pipelines and additional computational cost. We present FreeFlow, a hierarchical transformer built without any flow-specific components, using instead a single feed-forward encoder--decoder. FreeFlow combines three attention variants: window attention for local processing, shifted-window attention for cross-window information exchange, and a global attention operating at a reduced resolution. The resulting architecture scales naturally with model capacity, enabling a consistent accuracy gain from small to large variants. Despite the absence of standard inductive biases, FreeFlow achieves state-of-the-art results on major benchmarks, including Sintel (0.68/1.48 EPE on Clean/Final), KITTI-2015 (3.23 Fl-all), and Spring (3.192 1px), while remaining memory efficient at 1080p inference.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11486.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;663692c75f67f8da32723bf8&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/258264afe2ea5048a4a7a8e9945d2f5b.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Alexander Yakovenko&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;a-yakovenko&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:1,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11548&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36a7547a406da7901e711&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chenxi Song&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36a7547a406da7901e712&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yanming Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36a7547a406da7901e713&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chi Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/V2ktCpO1_KDxxmbRipRYA.mp4&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;World in World: Explore the World with World Models&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Autoregressive video world models enable interactive, long-horizon exploration, but flexible control remains challenging. Exploring a source video from new viewpoints requires the generated rollout to remain synchronised with the recorded event, place observed content in the requested view, plausibly complete newly exposed regions, and recover previously generated appearance on revisits. Existing methods typically address these requirements through task-specific modules or additional training. We present World in World, a training-free inference-time interface that converts heterogeneous control evidence into camera- and time-labelled clean visual states, which are read through the native self attention of a frozen causal video model. The evidence comprises source-video observations, target-view scene projections, geometry renderings that guide completion of newly exposed subject regions, and retrieved generated states beyond the rolling cache. Each evidence source carries token-level support and its own availability schedule. A correspondence router combines persistent point identities with geometry to establish token correspondences, guiding supported queries towards matching source-video tokens. Evidence-wise attention CFG (EWA) then independently regulates each auxiliary channel's additional contribution using attention responses from the same denoising forward pass. The shared interface supports camera-controlled rerendering, long-horizon revisiting, and human-motion transfer with the same frozen backbone. We evaluate World in World on camera-controlled video rerendering under diverse viewpoint changes, assessing perceptual quality, temporal consistency, and camera-following accuracy.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:5,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa36a7647a406da7901e714&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://chenxi-song.github.io/worldinworld/&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A training-free interface enables flexible camera and time control in frozen autoregressive video world models by routing heterogeneous visual evidence through native self-attention with correspondence-guided queries and per-channel attention guidance.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;autoregressive video world models&quot;,&quot;self-attention&quot;,&quot;camera-controlled rerendering&quot;,&quot;correspondence router&quot;,&quot;evidence-wise attention CFG&quot;,&quot;token-level support&quot;,&quot;geometry renderings&quot;,&quot;long-horizon revisiting&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;World in World: Explore the World with World Models&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Autoregressive video world models enable interactive, long-horizon exploration, but flexible control remains challenging. Exploring a source video from new viewpoints requires the generated rollout to remain synchronised with the recorded event, place observed content in the requested view, plausibly complete newly exposed regions, and recover previously generated appearance on revisits. Existing methods typically address these requirements through task-specific modules or additional training. We present World in World, a training-free inference-time interface that converts heterogeneous control evidence into camera- and time-labelled clean visual states, which are read through the native self attention of a frozen causal video model. The evidence comprises source-video observations, target-view scene projections, geometry renderings that guide completion of newly exposed subject regions, and retrieved generated states beyond the rolling cache. Each evidence source carries token-level support and its own availability schedule. A correspondence router combines persistent point identities with geometry to establish token correspondences, guiding supported queries towards matching source-video tokens. Evidence-wise attention CFG (EWA) then independently regulates each auxiliary channel's additional contribution using attention responses from the same denoising forward pass. The shared interface supports camera-controlled rerendering, long-horizon revisiting, and human-motion transfer with the same frozen backbone. We evaluate World in World on camera-controlled video rerendering under diverse viewpoint changes, assessing perceptual quality, temporal consistency, and camera-following accuracy.&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/V2ktCpO1_KDxxmbRipRYA.mp4&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11548.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:0,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:373,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.10712&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ivan Moshkov&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Stephen Ge&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;George Armstrong&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wei Du&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sadegh Mahdavi&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e74f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Igor Gitman&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;An Open Recipe for IMO Gold: Training Nemotron for Olympiad Mathematics&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We study how model post-training and test-time inference design affect natural-language proof generation for hard olympiad mathematics. Starting from Nemotron 3 Ultra, we train two specialist checkpoints using supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning, and evaluate checkpoint choice, verification, and refinement. Based on these findings, we present an open-model test-time-compute pipeline. The system operates entirely in natural language, with no formal prover, external tools, or internet access. Three Nemotron 3 Ultra checkpoints - the general-availability model and two post-trained specialists - power an iterative search that generates, verifies, and refines candidate proofs; a separate high-compute stage then selects each final submission. The system scored 30 out of 42 points at IMO 2026, reaching the gold-medal threshold. We release the two post-trained checkpoints as well as the training data, the training and inference code, the submitted solutions, and Nemotron-IMO-Bench, a new benchmark of 200 novel olympiad-level problems.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:5,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa36e5047a406da7901e750&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A natural-language proof-generation pipeline using post-trained Nemotron 3 Ultra checkpoints achieves gold-medal performance on IMO 2026 through iterative verification and refinement without external tools.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;supervised fine-tuning&quot;,&quot;reinforcement learning&quot;,&quot;verification&quot;,&quot;refinement&quot;,&quot;test-time compute&quot;,&quot;iterative search&quot;,&quot;Nemotron-IMO-Bench&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;60262b67268c201cdc8b7d43&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;nvidia&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;NVIDIA&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65df9200dc3292a8983e5017/Vs5FPVCH-VZBipV3qKTuy.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;An Open Recipe for IMO Gold: Training Nemotron for Olympiad Mathematics&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We study how model post-training and test-time inference design affect natural-language proof generation for hard olympiad mathematics. Starting from Nemotron 3 Ultra, we train two specialist checkpoints using supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning, and evaluate checkpoint choice, verification, and refinement. Based on these findings, we present an open-model test-time-compute pipeline. The system operates entirely in natural language, with no formal prover, external tools, or internet access. Three Nemotron 3 Ultra checkpoints - the general-availability model and two post-trained specialists - power an iterative search that generates, verifies, and refines candidate proofs; a separate high-compute stage then selects each final submission. The system scored 30 out of 42 points at IMO 2026, reaching the gold-medal threshold. We release the two post-trained checkpoints as well as the training data, the training and inference code, the submitted solutions, and Nemotron-IMO-Bench, a new benchmark of 200 novel olympiad-level problems.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.10712.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:0,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;taesiri&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:373,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;60262b67268c201cdc8b7d43&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;nvidia&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;NVIDIA&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65df9200dc3292a8983e5017/Vs5FPVCH-VZBipV3qKTuy.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11699&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e87d&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67316c6cb9634ac96f65e1a0&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/uUY9F17MiN7NhGAg01Yom.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;PP&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;PassionPrc&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;PassionPrc&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rongcan Pei&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T09:53:16.674Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e87e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zhepei Wei&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e87f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shuyao Xu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e880&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xinyu Zhu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e881&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wei-Lin Chen&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e882&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yu Meng&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Negative Self-Distillation: Learning to Reason by Avoiding Flaws&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67316c6cb9634ac96f65e1a0&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/uUY9F17MiN7NhGAg01Yom.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;PP&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;PassionPrc&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;PassionPrc&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;On-Policy Self-Distillation (OPSD) has emerged as a popular paradigm for large language model (LLM) self-improvement, allowing models to act as their own teachers by leveraging privileged information such as ground-truth solutions. However, recent findings indicate that OPSD can severely degrade the performance of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks: By forcing the student to imitate an artificially confident reasoning trace conditioned on privileged information, OPSD inadvertently suppresses expressions of uncertainty and penalizes the exploratory, self-corrective behaviors required to solve challenging problems. To address this, we introduce Negative Self-Distillation (NSD), a new framework that optimizes LLMs by diverging from flawed reasoning rather than imitating privileged solutions. Instead of relying on ground-truth answers or external supervision, NSD uses the model itself to generate a question-specific negative condition (eg, acting as a ``careless reasoner'') and pushes the student's distribution away from this self-generated negative teacher. Naively applying unlearning objectives to achieve this divergence is problematic, as flawed reasoning tokens are confounded with basic linguistic tokens; indiscriminately penalizing both risks catastrophically degrading the model's foundational language capabilities. We resolve this by designing a dynamic gating mechanism that automatically identifies and isolates reasoning-critical tokens, ensuring gradient updates target only behavioral flaws while preserving the model's linguistic priors. Empirically, NSD consistently outperforms OPSD and other label-free, self-bootstrapping reinforcement learning (RL) baselines.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:4,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3a26447a406da7901e883&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/Prongcan/NSD&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Negative Self-Distillation improves large language model reasoning by pushing models away from self-generated flawed reasoning via a dynamic gating mechanism that protects linguistic capabilities.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;On-Policy Self-Distillation&quot;,&quot;Negative Self-Distillation&quot;,&quot;self-distillation&quot;,&quot;reasoning-critical tokens&quot;,&quot;dynamic gating mechanism&quot;,&quot;unlearning&quot;,&quot;self-bootstrapping reinforcement learning&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:4},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Negative Self-Distillation: Learning to Reason by Avoiding Flaws&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;On-Policy Self-Distillation (OPSD) has emerged as a popular paradigm for large language model (LLM) self-improvement, allowing models to act as their own teachers by leveraging privileged information such as ground-truth solutions. However, recent findings indicate that OPSD can severely degrade the performance of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks: By forcing the student to imitate an artificially confident reasoning trace conditioned on privileged information, OPSD inadvertently suppresses expressions of uncertainty and penalizes the exploratory, self-corrective behaviors required to solve challenging problems. To address this, we introduce Negative Self-Distillation (NSD), a new framework that optimizes LLMs by diverging from flawed reasoning rather than imitating privileged solutions. Instead of relying on ground-truth answers or external supervision, NSD uses the model itself to generate a question-specific negative condition (eg, acting as a ``careless reasoner'') and pushes the student's distribution away from this self-generated negative teacher. Naively applying unlearning objectives to achieve this divergence is problematic, as flawed reasoning tokens are confounded with basic linguistic tokens; indiscriminately penalizing both risks catastrophically degrading the model's foundational language capabilities. We resolve this by designing a dynamic gating mechanism that automatically identifies and isolates reasoning-critical tokens, ensuring gradient updates target only behavioral flaws while preserving the model's linguistic priors. Empirically, NSD consistently outperforms OPSD and other label-free, self-bootstrapping reinforcement learning (RL) baselines.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11699.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67316c6cb9634ac96f65e1a0&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/uUY9F17MiN7NhGAg01Yom.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;PP&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;PassionPrc&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.06931&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebd5&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;697035d2d974214e2ccd5c7b&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/ade0fe033c0821ea8a8ed487a0c10db4.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jia-Jen Lee&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;benbayibaurba&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;benbayibaurba&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jia-Jen Lee&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;admin_assigned&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T16:44:01.688Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebd6&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shih-Yen Hou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebd7&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Kee Koon Ng&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebd8&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Wei-Chun Wang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebd9&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shih-Sheng Chang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-07T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;CARDEA: Auditable Reasoning Grounded in Spatial Evidence for End-to-End Coronary Angiography Interpretation&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;697035d2d974214e2ccd5c7b&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/ade0fe033c0821ea8a8ed487a0c10db4.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jia-Jen Lee&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;benbayibaurba&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;benbayibaurba&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Invasive coronary angiography (CAG) is the gold standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease, but interpretation varies substantially among observers. Existing AI systems can improve consistency but lack auditable decision processes and are limited in comprehensive open-ended assessment, undermining clinician trust and clinical adoption readiness. We developed CARDEA, a unified large vision-language model that serves as the inference core of a CAG pipeline. It was trained solely on public datasets and closed-ended tasks in three stages: visual feature alignment, a self-distilled Chain-of-Box (CoB) cold start, and reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) with a CoB reward encouraging bounding-box use in the reasoning trace. We assessed its two study-level diagnoses, dominance classification and complexity assessment, against a dedicated classifier and two interventional cardiologists. Report generation was excluded from training and evaluated zero-shot across stages on an external cohort using vessel-severity macro-F_1. CARDEA trailed the classifier on in-distribution dominance but drew level under domain shift (accuracy, 0.91 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86 to 0.95]) and was comparable to the cardiologists on complexity assessment (accuracy, 0.90 [CI, 0.82 to 0.97]). Only RLVR improved zero-shot report generation, raising its vessel-severity macro-F_1 (0.686 [CI, 0.664 to 0.707]) above the untuned base model (0.513) and over twice the always-normal floor (0.312). CARDEA runs an end-to-end CAG pipeline from raw multi-view videos through keyframe selection to study-level diagnosis while exposing auditable spatial evidence behind its conclusions. RLVR on verifiable closed-ended tasks surfaced open-ended reporting ability that supervised imitation did not. Clinical use requires prospective validation against expert cardiologists.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:4,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa0b959d0174964227bebda&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/benbayibaurba/cardea&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A unified vision-language model for coronary angiography uses chain-of-box reasoning and reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards to provide auditable diagnoses and improve zero-shot report generation.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;large vision-language model&quot;,&quot;visual feature alignment&quot;,&quot;self-distilled Chain-of-Box&quot;,&quot;reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards&quot;,&quot;RLVR&quot;,&quot;bounding-box&quot;,&quot;zero-shot&quot;,&quot;macro-F1&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-06T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;CARDEA: Auditable Reasoning Grounded in Spatial Evidence for End-to-End Coronary Angiography Interpretation&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Invasive coronary angiography (CAG) is the gold standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease, but interpretation varies substantially among observers. Existing AI systems can improve consistency but lack auditable decision processes and are limited in comprehensive open-ended assessment, undermining clinician trust and clinical adoption readiness. We developed CARDEA, a unified large vision-language model that serves as the inference core of a CAG pipeline. It was trained solely on public datasets and closed-ended tasks in three stages: visual feature alignment, a self-distilled Chain-of-Box (CoB) cold start, and reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) with a CoB reward encouraging bounding-box use in the reasoning trace. We assessed its two study-level diagnoses, dominance classification and complexity assessment, against a dedicated classifier and two interventional cardiologists. Report generation was excluded from training and evaluated zero-shot across stages on an external cohort using vessel-severity macro-F_1. CARDEA trailed the classifier on in-distribution dominance but drew level under domain shift (accuracy, 0.91 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86 to 0.95]) and was comparable to the cardiologists on complexity assessment (accuracy, 0.90 [CI, 0.82 to 0.97]). Only RLVR improved zero-shot report generation, raising its vessel-severity macro-F_1 (0.686 [CI, 0.664 to 0.707]) above the untuned base model (0.513) and over twice the always-normal floor (0.312). CARDEA runs an end-to-end CAG pipeline from raw multi-view videos through keyframe selection to study-level diagnosis while exposing auditable spatial evidence behind its conclusions. RLVR on verifiable closed-ended tasks surfaced open-ended reporting ability that supervised imitation did not. Clinical use requires prospective validation against expert cardiologists.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.06931.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;697035d2d974214e2ccd5c7b&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/ade0fe033c0821ea8a8ed487a0c10db4.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jia-Jen Lee&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;benbayibaurba&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2608.27875&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b39&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c/LWov6B3_1BVbkYWewUyL-.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiatong Ding&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;jerrysfls&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;jerrysfls&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jiatong Ding&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:45:04.234Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bingxin Xing&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yu Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Dian Ding&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xiaodong Yi&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xianbin Ouyang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b3f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Feihu Zhou&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b40&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Kun Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b41&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zhenyu Guo&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b42&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hao Pan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b43&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Guangtao Xue&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a9e97efaf127efa95389b44&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yiming Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-08-28T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;HyQuant: Hybrid-Precision Quantization for LLM Attention&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c/LWov6B3_1BVbkYWewUyL-.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiatong Ding&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;jerrysfls&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;jerrysfls&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Quantization has been widely adopted in LLM training and inference to reduce cost and improve efficiency. However, low-bit quantization of the attention module often introduces large errors at very low bit-widths, causing performance degradation. Existing methods mainly rely on smoothing techniques to handle outliers, while we propose a hybrid quantization design to better balance accuracy and efficiency. Specifically, we propose HyQuant, an efficient hybrid quantization framework for LLM attention. HyQuant quantizes most attention states into low-bit formats while retaining a small set of vertical-line tokens and local-window states in high precision. These accuracy-critical regions are selected using lightweight vertical-line-aware attention-pattern signals, reducing quantization error with limited overhead. In the Prefill stage, HyQuant uses a hybrid-precision quantized attention operator that preserves vertical-line tokens and a local sliding window in full precision while quantizing the remaining context. In the Decode stage, HyQuant applies the same principle to KV-cache compression and fuses KV dequantization with attention computation to improve memory and hardware efficiency. Across diverse tasks, models, and datasets, HyQuant maintains nearly lossless accuracy with an extremely simple design, demonstrating the efficiency and practical feasibility of hybrid quantization for LLM attention. Code is available at: https://github.com/jerrysfls/HyQuant .&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:4,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6a9e97f0af127efa95389b4c&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/jerrysfls/HyQuant&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;HyQuant improves low-bit LLM attention quantization by preserving critical vertical-line tokens and local windows in high precision while quantizing the rest, maintaining accuracy with low overhead.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;hybrid quantization&quot;,&quot;attention quantization&quot;,&quot;low-bit quantization&quot;,&quot;vertical-line tokens&quot;,&quot;local-window states&quot;,&quot;KV-cache compression&quot;,&quot;prefill stage&quot;,&quot;decode stage&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:8,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63e5ef7bf2e9a8f22c515654&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;SJTU&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Shanghai Jiao Tong University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1676013394657-63e5ee22b6a40bf941da0928.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-08-27T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;HyQuant: Hybrid-Precision Quantization for LLM Attention&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Quantization has been widely adopted in LLM training and inference to reduce cost and improve efficiency. However, low-bit quantization of the attention module often introduces large errors at very low bit-widths, causing performance degradation. Existing methods mainly rely on smoothing techniques to handle outliers, while we propose a hybrid quantization design to better balance accuracy and efficiency. Specifically, we propose HyQuant, an efficient hybrid quantization framework for LLM attention. HyQuant quantizes most attention states into low-bit formats while retaining a small set of vertical-line tokens and local-window states in high precision. These accuracy-critical regions are selected using lightweight vertical-line-aware attention-pattern signals, reducing quantization error with limited overhead. In the Prefill stage, HyQuant uses a hybrid-precision quantized attention operator that preserves vertical-line tokens and a local sliding window in full precision while quantizing the remaining context. In the Decode stage, HyQuant applies the same principle to KV-cache compression and fuses KV dequantization with attention computation to improve memory and hardware efficiency. Across diverse tasks, models, and datasets, HyQuant maintains nearly lossless accuracy with an extremely simple design, demonstrating the efficiency and practical feasibility of hybrid quantization for LLM attention. Code is available at: https://github.com/jerrysfls/HyQuant .&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2608.27875.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6847c20bb510d25b2322fa5c/LWov6B3_1BVbkYWewUyL-.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Jiatong Ding&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;jerrysfls&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63e5ef7bf2e9a8f22c515654&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;SJTU&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Shanghai Jiao Tong University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1676013394657-63e5ee22b6a40bf941da0928.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.10016&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa29c0ca2aeb74440b1e0c2&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128/M-gCXZHVZFLLlvvYKHcG6.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Remco Hendriks&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;remcohendriks&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;remcohendriks&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Remco Hendriks&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T16:45:04.714Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;MetroLLM-Bench: Evaluating Language Models as Transit Kiosk Runtimes&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128/M-gCXZHVZFLLlvvYKHcG6.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Remco Hendriks&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;remcohendriks&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;remcohendriks&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We introduce MetroLLM-Bench, a 955-case benchmark for testing language models as the policy layer of a transit kiosk. It covers six real metro systems, ranging from 37 to 414 stations, and eleven categories that include routing, fare calculation, disruptions, accessibility, and adversarial input. In each case, the model must call structured tools and submit a machine-renderable terminal state containing an outcome, a per-ticket fare quote when applicable, and a kiosk action. Fourteen deterministic scoring components form Tier 1; eight semantic-quality components form Tier 2, six of which use a language-model judge. We report Tier 1 and the combined score of both tiers. A stratified 75/25 split reserves 717 cases for training-data generation and 238 for held-out evaluation.\n  We evaluate twenty-six models from six vendors, of which twenty-three are ranked. On the held-out partition, a 4B Qwen 3.5 student trained through parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) exceeds both GPT-5.6 tiers on Tier 1 (91.3 against 90.6 and 90.0) and matches GPT-5.4 full at maximum reasoning effort (91.4), with a 2.6 GB Q4_K_M footprint. Larger 9B and 27B students provide no further Tier 1 improvement over the 4B student at this training scale. Across the four Qwen sizes, the PEFT gain over the corresponding base model decreases from +7.03 points at 2B (three training seeds) to -0.91 at 27B; every seed shows the same direction at every size. A deterministic rule-based baseline reaches 84.6 on Tier 1, with the remaining language-model advantage concentrated in policy adaptation, compound scenarios, accessibility, and temporal reasoning. Muse Glimmer 30B leads the composite ranking, and serving configuration alone moves the Qwen 3.5-to-3.8 comparison by 2.7 Tier 1 points. The benchmark, harness, reproduction guide, and fine-tuned students are released at https://github.com/continker/metrollm-bench.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:3,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa29c0ca2aeb74440b1e0c3&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://continker.ai/metrollm-bench&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/continker/metrollm-bench&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A benchmark for transit-kiosk policy reasoning shows that small parameter-efficiently fine-tuned language models can match larger models on structured tool-use and fare-quoting tasks.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;parameter-efficient fine-tuning&quot;,&quot;PEFT&quot;,&quot;Qwen&quot;,&quot;language-model judge&quot;,&quot;deterministic scoring&quot;,&quot;transit kiosk policy&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69d1315760b47ba30c6f0c49&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;continker&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Continker&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128/nptM94xE8POJPxfKryjn0.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;MetroLLM-Bench: Evaluating Language Models as Transit Kiosk Runtimes&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;We introduce MetroLLM-Bench, a 955-case benchmark for testing language models as the policy layer of a transit kiosk. It covers six real metro systems, ranging from 37 to 414 stations, and eleven categories that include routing, fare calculation, disruptions, accessibility, and adversarial input. In each case, the model must call structured tools and submit a machine-renderable terminal state containing an outcome, a per-ticket fare quote when applicable, and a kiosk action. Fourteen deterministic scoring components form Tier 1; eight semantic-quality components form Tier 2, six of which use a language-model judge. We report Tier 1 and the combined score of both tiers. A stratified 75/25 split reserves 717 cases for training-data generation and 238 for held-out evaluation.\n  We evaluate twenty-six models from six vendors, of which twenty-three are ranked. On the held-out partition, a 4B Qwen 3.5 student trained through parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) exceeds both GPT-5.6 tiers on Tier 1 (91.3 against 90.6 and 90.0) and matches GPT-5.4 full at maximum reasoning effort (91.4), with a 2.6 GB Q4_K_M footprint. Larger 9B and 27B students provide no further Tier 1 improvement over the 4B student at this training scale. Across the four Qwen sizes, the PEFT gain over the corresponding base model decreases from +7.03 points at 2B (three training seeds) to -0.91 at 27B; every seed shows the same direction at every size. A deterministic rule-based baseline reaches 84.6 on Tier 1, with the remaining language-model advantage concentrated in policy adaptation, compound scenarios, accessibility, and temporal reasoning. Muse Glimmer 30B leads the composite ranking, and serving configuration alone moves the Qwen 3.5-to-3.8 comparison by 2.7 Tier 1 points. The benchmark, harness, reproduction guide, and fine-tuned students are released at https://github.com/continker/metrollm-bench.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.10016.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:2,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128/M-gCXZHVZFLLlvvYKHcG6.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Remco Hendriks&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;remcohendriks&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:true,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69d1315760b47ba30c6f0c49&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;continker&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Continker&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63457dc5547c70e4b7ccc128/nptM94xE8POJPxfKryjn0.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11155&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e903&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Junlin Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e904&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chengwei Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e905&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yang Gao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e906&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hui Chang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e907&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xinchen Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e908&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zhijun Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95947a406da7901e909&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hao Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;DRG-MAPPO: Hierarchical Dynamic Role-Graph Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Air Combat&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69045a2e9c3d523381fcf489&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/8b1982e043a7ab28006b707dfff6c5dc.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;JunlinLiu&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;AaronLiu0702&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;AaronLiu0702&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for complex decision-making in autonomous systems and air combat. While MARL has demonstrated significant potential in air combat, achieving sophisticated tactical coordination remains a non-trivial challenge. This difficulty is largely attributed to two primary limitations: (1) the absence of structured relational modeling hinders agents from capturing complex, time-varying interactions among battlefield entities; and (2) conventional flat architectures often lack the capability to explicitly model tactical roles, leading to ambiguous task allocation in highly dynamic environments. To address these challenges, we propose Hierarchical Dynamic Role-Graph Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization (DRG-MAPPO), a novel MARL framework that integrates graph-based relational modeling with dynamic role assignment. Specifically, DRG-MAPPO constructs a graph-based representation of battlefield interactions and leverages graph attention mechanisms to extract critical relational features among allies, enemies, and threats. Subsequently, a high-level policy employs a dynamic role assignment mechanism to determine tactical responsibilities (e.g., ``leader'' and ``supporter''). Conditioned on these roles and encoded graph-relational features, a low-level policy executes discrete maneuver actions, facilitating the joint optimization of tactical strategy and collaborative execution. Furthermore, a target-priority auxiliary task is designed to foster the emergence of behaviors such as focus-fire. Experimental results demonstrate that DRG-MAPPO achieves a state-of-the-art win rate of 87%, suggesting that our framework effectively balances relational modeling, interpretability, and optimization stability for cooperative air combat.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:2,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3b95a47a406da7901e90a&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A hierarchical multi-agent reinforcement learning framework combining graph attention and dynamic role assignment improves tactical coordination and win rates in air combat.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning&quot;,&quot;graph attention mechanisms&quot;,&quot;dynamic role assignment&quot;,&quot;DRG-MAPPO&quot;,&quot;proximal policy optimization&quot;,&quot;relational modeling&quot;,&quot;auxiliary task&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;64a239f6eada48418580b8e0&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;China666&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Chinese Academy of Sciences&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/64a1d2e171874b7465bfca6d/l9MJIPO4MtwFJP5X9zzUw.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;DRG-MAPPO: Hierarchical Dynamic Role-Graph Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Air Combat&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for complex decision-making in autonomous systems and air combat. While MARL has demonstrated significant potential in air combat, achieving sophisticated tactical coordination remains a non-trivial challenge. This difficulty is largely attributed to two primary limitations: (1) the absence of structured relational modeling hinders agents from capturing complex, time-varying interactions among battlefield entities; and (2) conventional flat architectures often lack the capability to explicitly model tactical roles, leading to ambiguous task allocation in highly dynamic environments. To address these challenges, we propose Hierarchical Dynamic Role-Graph Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization (DRG-MAPPO), a novel MARL framework that integrates graph-based relational modeling with dynamic role assignment. Specifically, DRG-MAPPO constructs a graph-based representation of battlefield interactions and leverages graph attention mechanisms to extract critical relational features among allies, enemies, and threats. Subsequently, a high-level policy employs a dynamic role assignment mechanism to determine tactical responsibilities (e.g., ``leader'' and ``supporter''). Conditioned on these roles and encoded graph-relational features, a low-level policy executes discrete maneuver actions, facilitating the joint optimization of tactical strategy and collaborative execution. Furthermore, a target-priority auxiliary task is designed to foster the emergence of behaviors such as focus-fire. Experimental results demonstrate that DRG-MAPPO achieves a state-of-the-art win rate of 87%, suggesting that our framework effectively balances relational modeling, interpretability, and optimization stability for cooperative air combat.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11155.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69045a2e9c3d523381fcf489&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/8b1982e043a7ab28006b707dfff6c5dc.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;JunlinLiu&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;AaronLiu0702&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:1,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;64a239f6eada48418580b8e0&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;China666&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Chinese Academy of Sciences&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/64a1d2e171874b7465bfca6d/l9MJIPO4MtwFJP5X9zzUw.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11156&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e83c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Zhiwen Yang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e83d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jiayin Li&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e83e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chengyu Liu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e83f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hui Zhang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e840&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bingzheng Wei&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e841&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yan Xu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;UniH^3: Unifying Hierarchical Homogeneity and Heterogeneity for All-in-One Medical Image Restoration&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;638a2bdb34cf0480e9abd6a4&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/70e84c5c188688db8b29455061a410a1.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Zhiwen Yang&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;upyzwup&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;upyzwup&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;All-in-One medical image restoration (MedIR) aims to address diverse tasks across modalities and degradation types using a single universal model. Existing methods typically prioritize modeling inter-task heterogeneity (e.g., distinct data distributions and degradation types). However, they largely neglect the inherent homogeneity present in medical images, such as widely shared anatomical structures within and across modalities, which can be leveraged to ease model training and improve generalization. To this end, we propose UniH3, a novel framework that Unifies Hierarchical Homogeneity and Heterogeneity for all-in-one medical image restoration. Specifically, to comprehensively exploit homogeneity, we introduce a Hierarchical Homogeneity Memory (H2M) module that progressively distills intra- and inter-task homogeneity priors from high-quality images during training, and adaptively retrieves the most relevant priors tailored to the input for guided restoration. These retrieved priors are then injected into the restoration pipeline via an efficient Homogeneity-Guided Attention (HGA) mechanism. Furthermore, to comprehensively address heterogeneity, we design a Hierarchical Heterogeneity Balancer (H2B) that mitigates both inter- and intra-task conflicts during optimization, facilitating balanced and effective multi-task learning. Extensive experiments on two large-scale benchmarks, MedIR-2D-500K and MedIR-3D-3K, demonstrate that UniH3 achieves state-of-the-art performance on both all-in-one and single-task medical image restoration. We hope this work establishes a strong benchmark and advances the development of general-purpose medical image restoration models. Code is available at https://github.com/Yaziwel/UniH3.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:2,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa39d8047a406da7901e842&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/Yaziwel/UniH3&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/Yaziwel/UniH3&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;UniH3 unifies hierarchical homogeneity and heterogeneity for universal medical image restoration via memory-based homogeneity priors and a heterogeneity balancer.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Hierarchical Homogeneity Memory&quot;,&quot;H2M&quot;,&quot;Homogeneity-Guided Attention&quot;,&quot;HGA&quot;,&quot;Hierarchical Heterogeneity Balancer&quot;,&quot;H2B&quot;,&quot;all-in-one medical image restoration&quot;,&quot;MedIR&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:5,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63ba7720fc454697637969f1&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Beihang&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Beihang University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63ba7666c138c8f2b7844b58/n98lZU9VWxYgWIkzE_6o4.jpeg&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;UniH^3: Unifying Hierarchical Homogeneity and Heterogeneity for All-in-One Medical Image Restoration&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;All-in-One medical image restoration (MedIR) aims to address diverse tasks across modalities and degradation types using a single universal model. Existing methods typically prioritize modeling inter-task heterogeneity (e.g., distinct data distributions and degradation types). However, they largely neglect the inherent homogeneity present in medical images, such as widely shared anatomical structures within and across modalities, which can be leveraged to ease model training and improve generalization. To this end, we propose UniH3, a novel framework that Unifies Hierarchical Homogeneity and Heterogeneity for all-in-one medical image restoration. Specifically, to comprehensively exploit homogeneity, we introduce a Hierarchical Homogeneity Memory (H2M) module that progressively distills intra- and inter-task homogeneity priors from high-quality images during training, and adaptively retrieves the most relevant priors tailored to the input for guided restoration. These retrieved priors are then injected into the restoration pipeline via an efficient Homogeneity-Guided Attention (HGA) mechanism. Furthermore, to comprehensively address heterogeneity, we design a Hierarchical Heterogeneity Balancer (H2B) that mitigates both inter- and intra-task conflicts during optimization, facilitating balanced and effective multi-task learning. Extensive experiments on two large-scale benchmarks, MedIR-2D-500K and MedIR-3D-3K, demonstrate that UniH3 achieves state-of-the-art performance on both all-in-one and single-task medical image restoration. We hope this work establishes a strong benchmark and advances the development of general-purpose medical image restoration models. Code is available at https://github.com/Yaziwel/UniH3.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11156.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;638a2bdb34cf0480e9abd6a4&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/70e84c5c188688db8b29455061a410a1.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Zhiwen Yang&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;upyzwup&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:0,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;63ba7720fc454697637969f1&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Beihang&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Beihang University&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/63ba7666c138c8f2b7844b58/n98lZU9VWxYgWIkzE_6o4.jpeg&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11808&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e831&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mohamed Eltahir&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e832&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Talal Aloushan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e833&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rose Khairoalsendi&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e834&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Jana Shata&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e835&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mohammed Alhassan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e836&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Leen Alrehaili&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e837&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Tanveer Hussain&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa399db47a406da7901e838&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Naeemullah Khan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/xxMXWNZHmbrtioq5ajrQk.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/BTMD42iBWGobxVrnGEC0Q.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/QyVO6eD9ZU2wfHrQOR2Ut.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/VfkjdPO-43vXEQ1wUhh_D.png&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings For Visual Document Retrieval&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6331c242e092098b57bd8e58&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/8bcaf3cb3482a002ded96d3206b04947.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Mohamed Eltahir&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;mohammad2012191&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;mohammad2012191&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Late-interaction retrieval is the state-of-the-art for visual document search, but it pays for its accuracy in storage. Existing compression methods retain a subset or local average of the N~1,000 vectors per page. Under aggressive storage budgets, however, these methods degrade sharply, and alternatives require retraining the encoder. Investigating this degradation across three encoders, we found two consistent properties: the vectors lie exactly on the unit sphere and concentrate near a manifold of intrinsic dimension five to six. This geometry yields two insights. First, standard k-means centroids fall inside the sphere, causing systematic underestimation of MaxSim scores. Normalizing them to the surface is a free correction worth up to +0.093 nDCG@5 over raw centroids. Second, because the page manifold has few degrees of freedom, the full set of vectors can be regenerated from only a few. To this end, we introduce Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings (GLIE): k &lt;&lt; N vectors per page learned from the normalized centroids to serve as both a lightweight index and a basis for regenerating the page's full embedding set. At query time, search runs exclusively on these k vectors, and a decoder expands only the top candidates back to all N vectors for exact rescoring. At four vectors per page on ViDoRe v1, GLIE retains nearly 80% of the uncompressed system's nDCG@5, against 70% for the best prior post-hoc method. These results use a 415K-parameter network fitted in under three GPU-minutes on just a thousand training pages. At a matched training budget, fine-tuning the encoder does not reach even the training-free stage of GLIE, and the full system beats it at every budget. These patterns hold across a second encoder and ViDoRe v2. By reconstructing evidence on demand rather than sampling it, GLIE opens a new axis for storage-efficient retrieval, with the decoder as its main design surface.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:2,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa399dc47a406da7901e839&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://mohammad2012191.github.io/GLIE/&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/mohammad2012191/GLIE&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings compress visual document retrieval vectors by learning a small basis set that regenerates full embeddings on demand, improving accuracy under tight storage limits without retraining the encoder.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;late-interaction retrieval&quot;,&quot;MaxSim&quot;,&quot;k-means&quot;,&quot;unit sphere&quot;,&quot;manifold&quot;,&quot;intrinsic dimension&quot;,&quot;Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings&quot;,&quot;GLIE&quot;,&quot;decoder&quot;,&quot;nDCG@5&quot;,&quot;ViDoRe&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:2,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;642bf38ba208ae9adcebe075&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;KAUST&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;King Abdullah University of Science and Technology&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6315fb0b29411a6864b05b35/6egitr9tcwgl5i6ikCbkY.jpeg&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings For Visual Document Retrieval&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Late-interaction retrieval is the state-of-the-art for visual document search, but it pays for its accuracy in storage. Existing compression methods retain a subset or local average of the N~1,000 vectors per page. Under aggressive storage budgets, however, these methods degrade sharply, and alternatives require retraining the encoder. Investigating this degradation across three encoders, we found two consistent properties: the vectors lie exactly on the unit sphere and concentrate near a manifold of intrinsic dimension five to six. This geometry yields two insights. First, standard k-means centroids fall inside the sphere, causing systematic underestimation of MaxSim scores. Normalizing them to the surface is a free correction worth up to +0.093 nDCG@5 over raw centroids. Second, because the page manifold has few degrees of freedom, the full set of vectors can be regenerated from only a few. To this end, we introduce Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings (GLIE): k &lt;&lt; N vectors per page learned from the normalized centroids to serve as both a lightweight index and a basis for regenerating the page's full embedding set. At query time, search runs exclusively on these k vectors, and a decoder expands only the top candidates back to all N vectors for exact rescoring. At four vectors per page on ViDoRe v1, GLIE retains nearly 80% of the uncompressed system's nDCG@5, against 70% for the best prior post-hoc method. These results use a 415K-parameter network fitted in under three GPU-minutes on just a thousand training pages. At a matched training budget, fine-tuning the encoder does not reach even the training-free stage of GLIE, and the full system beats it at every budget. These patterns hold across a second encoder and ViDoRe v2. By reconstructing evidence on demand rather than sampling it, GLIE opens a new axis for storage-efficient retrieval, with the decoder as its main design surface.&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/xxMXWNZHmbrtioq5ajrQk.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/BTMD42iBWGobxVrnGEC0Q.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/QyVO6eD9ZU2wfHrQOR2Ut.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6331c242e092098b57bd8e58/VfkjdPO-43vXEQ1wUhh_D.png&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11808.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6331c242e092098b57bd8e58&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/8bcaf3cb3482a002ded96d3206b04947.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Mohamed Eltahir&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;mohammad2012191&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:1,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;642bf38ba208ae9adcebe075&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;KAUST&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;King Abdullah University of Science and Technology&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6315fb0b29411a6864b05b35/6egitr9tcwgl5i6ikCbkY.jpeg&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.11085&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142bd&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6702352c547acbd64cddf31e&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6702352c547acbd64cddf31e/elkGeA8piG-K-mXspBOhi.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Vikash Singh&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;optimusPrimeBee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;optimusPrimeBee&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Vikash Singh&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T16:45:04.572Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142be&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Debargha Ganguly&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142bf&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Aman Goel&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c0&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ali Torkamani&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c1&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Xiaoxue Han&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c2&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Joseph Lilien&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c3&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ferhat Erata&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c4&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Vipin Chaudhary&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Beyond Solver Verdicts: Generative Reward Models for Autoformalization&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6702352c547acbd64cddf31e&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6702352c547acbd64cddf31e/elkGeA8piG-K-mXspBOhi.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Vikash Singh&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;optimusPrimeBee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;optimusPrimeBee&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Neurosymbolic systems rely on mathematical solvers to guarantee reasoning correctness, yet solvers are fundamentally blind to whether a formal translation maintains strict reference-equivalence to a designated formalization. We formalize this vulnerability as Verdict-Preserving-Unfaithfulness (VPU): a failure mode where an incorrect encoding executes successfully and matches the expected verdict. We theoretically prove that structural, verdict-only verification heuristics are mathematically bounded to chance-level detection on these deceptively valid traces. To resolve this, we introduce Generative Verification (GenV), which distills an offline Z3-equivalence oracle into a reference-free, continuous reference-equivalence score by repurposing the language model's native vocabulary space. Mechanistic analysis via decision-projected logit lenses and sparse autoencoders shows this generative readout natively extracts precise spatial error coordinates without explicit localization training. Empirically, our oracle-mined verifier (GenV+HN) achieves 0.961 AUROC in reference-equivalence verification, generalizes zero-shot across unseen translators and divergent formal styles, and yields an 11.3-point downstream accuracy gain in agentic test-time compute allocation.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:1,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa4243c7ba345d44ad142c5&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Neurosymbolic reasoning is vulnerable to incorrect but verdict-matching formal translations, which are addressed by a generative verification method that scores reference equivalence without an oracle and improves downstream accuracy.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Verdict-Preserving-Unfaithfulness&quot;,&quot;Z3-equivalence oracle&quot;,&quot;Generative Verification&quot;,&quot;decision-projected logit lenses&quot;,&quot;sparse autoencoders&quot;,&quot;reference-equivalence verification&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6058ec29102f61b42f65ae35&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;AWS&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Amazon Web Services&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/66f19ed428ae41c20c470792/wtuzZxWzijQ3do3zYoOFH.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Beyond Solver Verdicts: Generative Reward Models for Autoformalization&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Neurosymbolic systems rely on mathematical solvers to guarantee reasoning correctness, yet solvers are fundamentally blind to whether a formal translation maintains strict reference-equivalence to a designated formalization. We formalize this vulnerability as Verdict-Preserving-Unfaithfulness (VPU): a failure mode where an incorrect encoding executes successfully and matches the expected verdict. We theoretically prove that structural, verdict-only verification heuristics are mathematically bounded to chance-level detection on these deceptively valid traces. To resolve this, we introduce Generative Verification (GenV), which distills an offline Z3-equivalence oracle into a reference-free, continuous reference-equivalence score by repurposing the language model's native vocabulary space. Mechanistic analysis via decision-projected logit lenses and sparse autoencoders shows this generative readout natively extracts precise spatial error coordinates without explicit localization training. Empirically, our oracle-mined verifier (GenV+HN) achieves 0.961 AUROC in reference-equivalence verification, generalizes zero-shot across unseen translators and divergent formal styles, and yields an 11.3-point downstream accuracy gain in agentic test-time compute allocation.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11085.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6702352c547acbd64cddf31e&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6702352c547acbd64cddf31e/elkGeA8piG-K-mXspBOhi.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Vikash Singh&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;optimusPrimeBee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:3,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6058ec29102f61b42f65ae35&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;AWS&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Amazon Web Services&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/66f19ed428ae41c20c470792/wtuzZxWzijQ3do3zYoOFH.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.10745&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa351cd47a406da7901e688&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;62886c851f542794efe6548d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/62886c851f542794efe6548d/GzGAjr_vncJN4FdJ0TaXi.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Parinthapat Pengpun&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;parinzee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;parinzee&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Parinthapat Pengpun&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T08:45:04.696Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa351cd47a406da7901e689&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Simran Khanuja&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa351cd47a406da7901e68a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Graham Neubig&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/62886c851f542794efe6548d/mMcB42BgYIfqvFvTwSJ4g.png&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Think Before You Link: Rarity, Reasoning, and Retrieval in Multilingual Entity Linking&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;62886c851f542794efe6548d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/62886c851f542794efe6548d/GzGAjr_vncJN4FdJ0TaXi.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Parinthapat Pengpun&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;parinzee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;parinzee&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Multimodal entity linking grounds entity mentions in text and images to knowledge-base entries. These systems degrade on rare entities, but prior work measures rarity primarily through popularity-based metrics such as pageviews. We broaden this view using knowledge-graph structural metrics that capture how well an entity is documented and connected. These metrics identify many rare entities that popularity metrics miss. Across the resulting rare-entity slices, state-of-the-art accuracy drops by 15.4-39.9%, showing that different rarity definitions expose different failure modes. To address these failures, we introduce a simple, training-free framework in which a reasoning-capable vision-language model iteratively searches and reasons over Wikipedia, gathering evidence dynamically. Controlled experiments show that reasoning and retrieval are complementary. Reasoning alone does not significantly improve accuracy on rare entities. Retrieval without reasoning improves rare-entity accuracy but can hurt overall accuracy. Their combination performs best. On MERLIN, a multilingual multimodal entity linking benchmark over five languages (Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Tamil, Vietnamese), our best system improves over the state of the art by 6.9% overall and by up to 23.3% on rare-entity slices. We release MERLIN-Rare, rare-entity test slices for targeted evaluation, with our framework.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:1,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa351ce47a406da7901e68b&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://neulab.github.io/think-before-you-link/&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/neulab/think-before-you-link&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A reasoning-capable vision-language model that iteratively retrieves and reasons over Wikipedia improves multimodal entity linking for rare entities defined by knowledge-graph structure.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;multimodal entity linking&quot;,&quot;knowledge-graph structural metrics&quot;,&quot;vision-language model&quot;,&quot;iterative retrieval&quot;,&quot;reasoning&quot;,&quot;MERLIN&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:2,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;62cd831b7a036fc9941c147a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;neulab&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;NeuLab @ LTI/CMU&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1657821011553-62cd8153248f9e6bc20ab250.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Think Before You Link: Rarity, Reasoning, and Retrieval in Multilingual Entity Linking&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Multimodal entity linking grounds entity mentions in text and images to knowledge-base entries. These systems degrade on rare entities, but prior work measures rarity primarily through popularity-based metrics such as pageviews. We broaden this view using knowledge-graph structural metrics that capture how well an entity is documented and connected. These metrics identify many rare entities that popularity metrics miss. Across the resulting rare-entity slices, state-of-the-art accuracy drops by 15.4-39.9%, showing that different rarity definitions expose different failure modes. To address these failures, we introduce a simple, training-free framework in which a reasoning-capable vision-language model iteratively searches and reasons over Wikipedia, gathering evidence dynamically. Controlled experiments show that reasoning and retrieval are complementary. Reasoning alone does not significantly improve accuracy on rare entities. Retrieval without reasoning improves rare-entity accuracy but can hurt overall accuracy. Their combination performs best. On MERLIN, a multilingual multimodal entity linking benchmark over five languages (Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Tamil, Vietnamese), our best system improves over the state of the art by 6.9% overall and by up to 23.3% on rare-entity slices. We release MERLIN-Rare, rare-entity test slices for targeted evaluation, with our framework.&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/62886c851f542794efe6548d/mMcB42BgYIfqvFvTwSJ4g.png&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.10745.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;62886c851f542794efe6548d&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/62886c851f542794efe6548d/GzGAjr_vncJN4FdJ0TaXi.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Parinthapat Pengpun&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;parinzee&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;followerCount&quot;:22,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;62cd831b7a036fc9941c147a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;neulab&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;NeuLab @ LTI/CMU&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1657821011553-62cd8153248f9e6bc20ab250.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.10445&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e93b&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/-5G7C2VjMHOBLZSifP3N8.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Mehrnaz M&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;Mhrnz&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mhrnz&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mehrnaz Mofakhami&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T12:32:33.356Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e93c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ananya Sahu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e93d&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Alejandro R. Salamanca&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e93e&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Daniel D&amp;#39;souza&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e93f&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Alexandre Berard&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e940&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Thomas Euyang&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e941&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Marzieh Fadaee&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e942&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Julia Kreutzer&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65/6JG5iNxKk3ju2BhKmKD5C.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65/6DVt_KsYjf8DsnnylsMAA.png&quot;],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Building Multilingual Bridges: Data Mixing as the Pillar of Generalization for In-Language Reasoning&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/-5G7C2VjMHOBLZSifP3N8.png&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Mehrnaz M&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;Mhrnz&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mhrnz&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Reasoning language models have made substantial advances on a variety of complex tasks, yet their capabilities remain overwhelmingly English-centric: models primarily reason in English regardless of the language they are prompted in. This is inaccessible for non-English-speaking users, risks losing the intent of the original question, and forgoes knowledge more readily expressed in the target language. In this work, we advance L2 reasoning, the ability of a model to reason consistently in the language of the user's prompt, thus building an in-language bridge between the prompt and the answer. We approach this problem from a data-centric angle, investigating how to optimize data composition and scheduling in SFT for reasoning generalization. Building Tiny Aya L2-Thinker at 3.35B scale, we achieve an L2 reasoning rate above 93% across 60 languages on 6 benchmarks spanning math, commonsense reasoning, instruction following, open-ended generation, and cultural reasoning while keeping performance strong. We show the path to generalizing L2 reasoning to held-out languages goes through broader language coverage, readily available multilingual non-reasoning data, and a sufficient English reasoning backbone. These findings indicate that reasoning is a language-agnostic behavior that can be transferred across typologically diverse languages through careful data mixing and without requiring reasoning supervision in every target language. We release our model weights and multilingual reasoning data to support further research on accessible, in-language reasoning.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:1,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa3c20147a406da7901e943&quot;,&quot;projectPage&quot;:&quot;https://cohere.com/research/papers/building-multilingual-bridges-2026-09-10&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;Optimized supervised fine-tuning data composition enables reasoning models to consistently process and respond in diverse non-English languages without requiring reasoning supervision in each target language.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;reasoning language models&quot;,&quot;L2 reasoning&quot;,&quot;supervised fine-tuning&quot;,&quot;SFT&quot;,&quot;reasoning generalization&quot;,&quot;multilingual reasoning&quot;,&quot;data scheduling&quot;,&quot;data composition&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;640ca1c93623f6a56ddab373&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;CohereLabs&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Cohere Labs&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1678549441248-5e70f6048ce3c604d78fe133.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Building Multilingual Bridges: Data Mixing as the Pillar of Generalization for In-Language Reasoning&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;Reasoning language models have made substantial advances on a variety of complex tasks, yet their capabilities remain overwhelmingly English-centric: models primarily reason in English regardless of the language they are prompted in. This is inaccessible for non-English-speaking users, risks losing the intent of the original question, and forgoes knowledge more readily expressed in the target language. In this work, we advance L2 reasoning, the ability of a model to reason consistently in the language of the user's prompt, thus building an in-language bridge between the prompt and the answer. We approach this problem from a data-centric angle, investigating how to optimize data composition and scheduling in SFT for reasoning generalization. Building Tiny Aya L2-Thinker at 3.35B scale, we achieve an L2 reasoning rate above 93% across 60 languages on 6 benchmarks spanning math, commonsense reasoning, instruction following, open-ended generation, and cultural reasoning while keeping performance strong. We show the path to generalizing L2 reasoning to held-out languages goes through broader language coverage, readily available multilingual non-reasoning data, and a sufficient English reasoning backbone. These findings indicate that reasoning is a language-agnostic behavior that can be transferred across typologically diverse languages through careful data mixing and without requiring reasoning supervision in every target language. We release our model weights and multilingual reasoning data to support further research on accessible, in-language reasoning.&quot;,&quot;mediaUrls&quot;:[&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65/6JG5iNxKk3ju2BhKmKD5C.png&quot;,&quot;https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65/6DVt_KsYjf8DsnnylsMAA.png&quot;],&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.10445.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67896868bd21dd0c757c1e65&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/no-auth/-5G7C2VjMHOBLZSifP3N8.png&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Mehrnaz M&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Mhrnz&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;640ca1c93623f6a56ddab373&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;CohereLabs&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Cohere Labs&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1678549441248-5e70f6048ce3c604d78fe133.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2608.15380&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6a8648aadb13816030683df7&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa/bJ_keZ3p9tK4jQLqn4pjO.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Kaushalraj&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;puwar&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;puwar&quot;},&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Kaushalraj Puwar&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:&quot;claimed_verified&quot;,&quot;statusLastChangedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-08-21T12:58:00.615Z&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa4383c7ba345d44ad1432a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;B. Thangaraju&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Adaptive Bridge: A Proxy-Based Decoupling Layer for Mitigating DDS Backpressure in ROS 2&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa/bJ_keZ3p9tK4jQLqn4pjO.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Kaushalraj&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;puwar&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;puwar&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;In systems built on Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) and using Data Distribution Service (DDS), a single network-impaired or throttled subscriber on a RELIABLE topic can cause backpressure that degrades throughput and latency for all other subscribers, including safety-critical ones sharing the publisher, because the publisher's DDS writer can no longer accept new samples. We present Adaptive Bridge, a proxy-based layer that decouples critical subscribers from degraded or noncritical ones, thereby isolating the critical path through topic splitting and dynamic rate control. The proxy acts as a middleman and subscribes to the original topic and republishes the messages to two independent DDS writers: one RELIABLE writer for critical nodes and one BEST EFFORT writer for noncritical or degraded nodes, thus isolating the degraded nodes and safeguarding the publisher and critical nodes from backpressure. A probe-based classifier actively monitors subscriber health through sampling with hysteresis and adjusts subscriber rate limits in real time. We evaluate the system under a Gilbert-Elliott bursty wireless loss model using a reproducible Docker-based harness. The results show that using the Adaptive Bridge in our evaluation harness reduces the critical subscriber tail p95 latency from up to 15 s to 1.55 ms across all impairment severities while preserving the publisher's configured throughput.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:1,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6a8648aadb13816030683df8&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/KaushalrajPuwar/adaptive-bridge&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;A proxy layer isolates critical ROS 2 subscribers from degraded ones via topic splitting and dynamic rate control to eliminate DDS backpressure.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;ROS 2&quot;,&quot;DDS&quot;,&quot;RELIABLE&quot;,&quot;BEST EFFORT&quot;,&quot;Adaptive Bridge&quot;,&quot;topic splitting&quot;,&quot;dynamic rate control&quot;,&quot;probe-based classifier&quot;,&quot;Gilbert-Elliott&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-05T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Adaptive Bridge: A Proxy-Based Decoupling Layer for Mitigating DDS Backpressure in ROS 2&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;In systems built on Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) and using Data Distribution Service (DDS), a single network-impaired or throttled subscriber on a RELIABLE topic can cause backpressure that degrades throughput and latency for all other subscribers, including safety-critical ones sharing the publisher, because the publisher's DDS writer can no longer accept new samples. We present Adaptive Bridge, a proxy-based layer that decouples critical subscribers from degraded or noncritical ones, thereby isolating the critical path through topic splitting and dynamic rate control. The proxy acts as a middleman and subscribes to the original topic and republishes the messages to two independent DDS writers: one RELIABLE writer for critical nodes and one BEST EFFORT writer for noncritical or degraded nodes, thus isolating the degraded nodes and safeguarding the publisher and critical nodes from backpressure. A probe-based classifier actively monitors subscriber health through sampling with hysteresis and adjusts subscriber rate limits in real time. We evaluate the system under a Gilbert-Elliott bursty wireless loss model using a reproducible Docker-based harness. The results show that using the Adaptive Bridge in our evaluation harness reduces the critical subscriber tail p95 latency from up to 15 s to 1.55 ms across all impairment severities while preserving the publisher's configured throughput.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2608.15380.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6907cc03e77c7a753da36afa/bJ_keZ3p9tK4jQLqn4pjO.jpeg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Kaushalraj&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;puwar&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:true},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.10539&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e797&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yiling Ma&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e798&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yilun Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e799&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sihong Wu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e79a&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Manasi Patwardhan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e79b&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Arman Cohan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-09T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;IdeaAMBIG: Benchmarking Implementation-Critical Gaps in Research-Idea Specifications&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69227307168e7fa5935fc7a6&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/20f959a3314ce098fcd224ae999e2a8f.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;A research idea may be novel, coherent, and scientifically plausible, yet its proposed method may remain insufficiently specified for faithful implementation. We study the codification readiness of implementation-facing research-method specifications, defined by whether they provide sufficient methodological information for a competent implementer or coding agent to construct the intended method without unsupported assumptions. We construct evidence-grounded specifications and their supported resolutions from papers, codebases, issue threads, and reproduction artifacts. We introduce IdeaAMBIG, a benchmark of 660 evidence-grounded instances: 163 real-world gaps from reproducibility reports and GitHub issues, and 497 controlled synthetic gaps injected into codification-ready references. IdeaAMBIG evaluates three capabilities: codification-readiness assessment, defect localization, and clarification action generation. Defect localization receives only the specification, whereas clarification additionally receives the annotated defect. Across 13 LLMs, the best model achieves 9.6% Macro Defect Recovery Rate on real-world instances but 80.6% Macro Clarification Action Success Rate when given the defect. In an oracle study, supplying the gold resolution raises the downstream codification-ready rate from 14% to 98%. Across all evaluated models, defect localization is the main bottleneck, with stronger clarification given the defect.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:0,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa37d1a47a406da7901e79c&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/Yiling-Ma/IdeaAMBIG&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;The study introduces a benchmark to evaluate whether research methods are specified clearly enough for implementation, finding that identifying missing details is the primary challenge for language models.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;codification readiness&quot;,&quot;evidence-grounded specifications&quot;,&quot;IdeaAMBIG&quot;,&quot;defect localization&quot;,&quot;clarification action generation&quot;,&quot;Macro Defect Recovery Rate&quot;,&quot;Macro Clarification Action Success Rate&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6532df27d690f3012efde84c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;yale-nlp&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Yale NLP Lab&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65204db5b0e0d57453cb1809/9OAeiZ-BrN2g1h1yd6-1W.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;IdeaAMBIG: Benchmarking Implementation-Critical Gaps in Research-Idea Specifications&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;A research idea may be novel, coherent, and scientifically plausible, yet its proposed method may remain insufficiently specified for faithful implementation. We study the codification readiness of implementation-facing research-method specifications, defined by whether they provide sufficient methodological information for a competent implementer or coding agent to construct the intended method without unsupported assumptions. We construct evidence-grounded specifications and their supported resolutions from papers, codebases, issue threads, and reproduction artifacts. We introduce IdeaAMBIG, a benchmark of 660 evidence-grounded instances: 163 real-world gaps from reproducibility reports and GitHub issues, and 497 controlled synthetic gaps injected into codification-ready references. IdeaAMBIG evaluates three capabilities: codification-readiness assessment, defect localization, and clarification action generation. Defect localization receives only the specification, whereas clarification additionally receives the annotated defect. Across 13 LLMs, the best model achieves 9.6% Macro Defect Recovery Rate on real-world instances but 80.6% Macro Clarification Action Success Rate when given the defect. In an oracle study, supplying the gold resolution raises the downstream codification-ready rate from 14% to 98%. Across all evaluated models, defect localization is the main bottleneck, with stronger clarification given the defect.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.10539.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69227307168e7fa5935fc7a6&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/20f959a3314ce098fcd224ae999e2a8f.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6532df27d690f3012efde84c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;yale-nlp&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Yale NLP Lab&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65204db5b0e0d57453cb1809/9OAeiZ-BrN2g1h1yd6-1W.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false},{&quot;paper&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2609.09076&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf0&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yiling Ma&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf1&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Yilun Zhao&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf2&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sihong Wu&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf3&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ziyu Chen&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf4&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Manasi Patwardhan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6aa1453bff4bf7311191aaf5&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Arman Cohan&quot;,&quot;hidden&quot;:false}],&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-08T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-11T00:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;ActReview: Rebuttal-Guided Training Data and Rubric Rewards for Actionable Peer Review Generation&quot;,&quot;submittedOnDailyBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69227307168e7fa5935fc7a6&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/20f959a3314ce098fcd224ae999e2a8f.svg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;},&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;As LLMs are increasingly used for pre-submission self-review, there is growing demand for feedback that not only identifies weaknesses but also guides authors toward concrete revisions. We study this as Actionable Peer-review Generation and decompose it into two subtasks: diagnostic claim generation and revision suggestion generation. We introduce ActReview, a rebuttal-guided post-training framework that connects paper-specific diagnoses to concrete, grounded revision plans. Our central insight is that author rebuttals reveal plausible actions for addressing reviewer concerns and can therefore provide latent supervision for revision-oriented feedback. From real review-rebuttal threads on OpenReview, we construct ActReview-40K by aligning reviewer weaknesses with author responses and grounding the resulting feedback in localized paper evidence. We post-train Qwen3-8B-Base with multi-task supervised fine-tuning followed by GRPO using candidate-aware, weakness-specific rubric rewards. We also introduce ActReview-Bench, a human-curated benchmark of 1,000 instances for evaluating diagnostic quality and revision usefulness. Experiments show that ActReview outperforms prior specialized review-generation models on actionability and grounding while remaining competitive with strong prompt-based LLMs. Human evaluation confirms improved revision usefulness while revealing a remaining gap in technical accuracy, and additional analyses support generalization to held-out papers and robustness across independent judges.&quot;,&quot;upvotes&quot;:0,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;6aa1453cff4bf7311191aaf6&quot;,&quot;githubRepo&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/Yiling-Ma/ActReview&quot;,&quot;githubRepoAddedBy&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;ai_summary&quot;:&quot;ActReview is a rebuttal-guided post-training framework that generates diagnostic claims and concrete revision suggestions for peer review by leveraging author responses as latent supervision.&quot;,&quot;ai_keywords&quot;:[&quot;Actionable Peer-review Generation&quot;,&quot;diagnostic claim generation&quot;,&quot;revision suggestion generation&quot;,&quot;ActReview&quot;,&quot;rebuttal-guided post-training&quot;,&quot;multi-task supervised fine-tuning&quot;,&quot;GRPO&quot;,&quot;candidate-aware rubric rewards&quot;,&quot;ActReview-40K&quot;,&quot;ActReview-Bench&quot;],&quot;ai_summary_model&quot;:&quot;thinkingmachines/Inkling-Small&quot;,&quot;githubStars&quot;:0,&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6532df27d690f3012efde84c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;yale-nlp&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Yale NLP Lab&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65204db5b0e0d57453cb1809/9OAeiZ-BrN2g1h1yd6-1W.png&quot;}},&quot;publishedAt&quot;:&quot;2026-09-07T20:00:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;ActReview: Rebuttal-Guided Training Data and Rubric Rewards for Actionable Peer Review Generation&quot;,&quot;summary&quot;:&quot;As LLMs are increasingly used for pre-submission self-review, there is growing demand for feedback that not only identifies weaknesses but also guides authors toward concrete revisions. We study this as Actionable Peer-review Generation and decompose it into two subtasks: diagnostic claim generation and revision suggestion generation. We introduce ActReview, a rebuttal-guided post-training framework that connects paper-specific diagnoses to concrete, grounded revision plans. Our central insight is that author rebuttals reveal plausible actions for addressing reviewer concerns and can therefore provide latent supervision for revision-oriented feedback. From real review-rebuttal threads on OpenReview, we construct ActReview-40K by aligning reviewer weaknesses with author responses and grounding the resulting feedback in localized paper evidence. We post-train Qwen3-8B-Base with multi-task supervised fine-tuning followed by GRPO using candidate-aware, weakness-specific rubric rewards. We also introduce ActReview-Bench, a human-curated benchmark of 1,000 instances for evaluating diagnostic quality and revision usefulness. Experiments show that ActReview outperforms prior specialized review-generation models on actionability and grounding while remaining competitive with strong prompt-based LLMs. Human evaluation confirms improved revision usefulness while revealing a remaining gap in technical accuracy, and additional analyses support generalization to held-out papers and robustness across independent judges.&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.09076.png&quot;,&quot;numComments&quot;:1,&quot;upvoted&quot;:false,&quot;submittedBy&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;69227307168e7fa5935fc7a6&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;/avatars/20f959a3314ce098fcd224ae999e2a8f.svg&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;YilingMa&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;isHf&quot;:false,&quot;isHfAdmin&quot;:false,&quot;isMod&quot;:false,&quot;isUserFollowing&quot;:false},&quot;organization&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6532df27d690f3012efde84c&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;yale-nlp&quot;,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;Yale NLP Lab&quot;,&quot;avatar&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/65204db5b0e0d57453cb1809/9OAeiZ-BrN2g1h1yd6-1W.png&quot;},&quot;isAuthorParticipating&quot;:false}],&quot;prevDate&quot;:&quot;2026-09-10&quot;,&quot;publisher&quot;:{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;60f1abe7544c2adfd699860c&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/1674929746905-60f1abe7544c2adfd699860c.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isPro&quot;:false,&quot;fullname&quot;:&quot;AK&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;akhaliq&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;},&quot;periodType&quot;:&quot;day&quot;,&quot;query&quot;:{},&quot;isTrending&quot;:false}"><section class="container relative mb-20 mt-8 md:mt-14"><div class="mb-8 grid grid-cols-6 items-start md:mb-12 md:grid-cols-12 md:gap-x-4"><div class="order-1 col-span-5 md:order-none md:col-span-10 lg:col-span-8 xl:col-span-4 xl:pl-0"><div class="flex items-center gap-3"><h1 class="text-2xl font-bold md:text-3xl">Daily 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flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.10715" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 12 12"><path fill="currentColor" d="M5.19 2.67a.94.94 0 0 1 1.62 0l3.31 5.72a.94.94 0 0 1-.82 1.4H2.7a.94.94 0 0 1-.82-1.4l3.31-5.7v-.02Z"></path></svg><!----> <div class="leading-none">157</div><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <dialog class="shadow-alternate z-40 mx-4 my-auto h-fit select-text overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white max-sm:max-w-[calc(100dvw-2rem)] sm:mx-auto lg:mt-26 md:portrait:mt-30 xl:mt-30 2xl:mt-32 w-full sm:w-96 max-w-[calc(100%-4rem)] text-base  "><div tabindex="-1" class="outline-none focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.10715" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">NCP-ArchPreview Technical Report: Moving towards Latent Space Language Models through Next Concept Prediction</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.10715" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  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style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[1--><img class="overflow-hidden rounded-full" alt="" src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6609a53bd81d611249ef5266/h31hdQFl-jhRnO8R6Gr4C.png" loading="lazy"/><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Clover-Hill" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[1--><img class="overflow-hidden rounded-full" alt="" src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/noauth/U2qzEGvhPk7RjINeaIYid.jpeg" loading="lazy"/><!--]--></li><!--]--> <!--[0--><li class="text-xs hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 order-first ml-3"><!--[--><div class="flex truncate text-sm text-gray-350 sm:text-base"><div class="mx-1">·</div> 28 authors</div><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[1--><a href="/papers/2609.10715#community" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M21 15a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7l-4 4V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h14a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"></path></svg><!----> 1</a><!--]--></div></div></div></div></div></article><!--]--><!--[-1--><article class="relative flex flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-xl border"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11929" class="shadow-alternate-sm peer relative block h-56 w-full cursor-pointer overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white md:h-64"><div class="relative flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center overflow-hidden "><!--[0--><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse flex items-center justify-center bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-800"></div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.11929.png" decoding="async" alt="" class="h-full w-full object-cover object-top opacity-80 dark:opacity-70 dark:invert invisible" onload="this.__e=event" onerror="this.__e=event"/></div><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><div class="shadow-xs pointer-events-none absolute right-2 top-56 -mt-8 flex h-6 items-center gap-1 self-end whitespace-nowrap rounded-md border bg-white px-2 text-xs leading-none text-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400 sm:text-sm md:top-64">Submitted by <div class="flex-none  "><img alt="" loading="lazy" class="max-w-none size-2.5 rounded-full  flex-none select-none " src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6039478ab3ecf716b1a5fd4d/_Thy4E7taiSYBLKxEKJbT.jpeg" crossorigin="anonymous"/> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div><!----> taesiri</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.11929" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 12 12"><path fill="currentColor" d="M5.19 2.67a.94.94 0 0 1 1.62 0l3.31 5.72a.94.94 0 0 1-.82 1.4H2.7a.94.94 0 0 1-.82-1.4l3.31-5.7v-.02Z"></path></svg><!----> <div class="leading-none">124</div><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <dialog class="shadow-alternate z-40 mx-4 my-auto h-fit select-text overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white max-sm:max-w-[calc(100dvw-2rem)] sm:mx-auto lg:mt-26 md:portrait:mt-30 xl:mt-30 2xl:mt-32 w-full sm:w-96 max-w-[calc(100%-4rem)] text-base  "><div tabindex="-1" class="outline-none focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11929" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">SenseNova-U1.5: Towards Native Unified Visual Intelligence</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11929" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  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src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/64b4a717aa03b6520839e9b8/Rt3ERG-6BVEA4hAwOz0_I.jpeg" loading="lazy"/><!--]--></li><!--]--> <!--[0--><li class="text-xs hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 order-first ml-3"><!--[--><div class="flex truncate text-sm text-gray-350 sm:text-base"><div class="mx-1">·</div> 65 authors</div><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[1--><a href="/papers/2609.11929#community" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M21 15a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7l-4 4V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h14a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"></path></svg><!----> 1</a><!--]--></div></div></div></div></div></article><!--]--><!--[-1--><article class="relative flex flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-xl border"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.07064" class="shadow-alternate-sm peer relative block h-56 w-full cursor-pointer overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white md:h-64"><div class="relative flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center overflow-hidden "><!--[0--><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse flex items-center justify-center bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-800"></div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.07064.png" decoding="async" alt="" class="h-full w-full object-cover object-top opacity-80 dark:opacity-70 dark:invert invisible" onload="this.__e=event" onerror="this.__e=event"/></div><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><div class="shadow-xs pointer-events-none absolute right-2 top-56 -mt-8 flex h-6 items-center 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2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11561" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">Memory as Plans: World-Action Modeling with Memory-Grounded Planning</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11561" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Huan Wang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Chenchu Zhang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block 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crossorigin="anonymous"/> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div><!----> taesiri</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.11499" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 12 12"><path fill="currentColor" d="M5.19 2.67a.94.94 0 0 1 1.62 0l3.31 5.72a.94.94 0 0 1-.82 1.4H2.7a.94.94 0 0 1-.82-1.4l3.31-5.7v-.02Z"></path></svg><!----> <div class="leading-none">6</div><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <dialog class="shadow-alternate z-40 mx-4 my-auto h-fit select-text overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white max-sm:max-w-[calc(100dvw-2rem)] sm:mx-auto lg:mt-26 md:portrait:mt-30 xl:mt-30 2xl:mt-32 w-full sm:w-96 max-w-[calc(100%-4rem)] text-base  "><div tabindex="-1" class="outline-none focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11499" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">Recursive Code World Models: Building Complex Worlds through Recursive Scene Programs</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11499" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Bo Zhu" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Yuxuan Liao" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Zhiqi Li" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><!--]--> <!--[0--><li class="text-xs hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 order-first ml-3"><!--[--><div class="flex truncate text-sm text-gray-350 sm:text-base"><div class="mx-1">·</div> 3 authors</div><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div></div></div></div></div></article><!--]--><!--[-1--><article class="relative flex flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-xl border"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.01515" class="shadow-alternate-sm peer relative block h-56 w-full cursor-pointer overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white md:h-64"><div class="relative flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center overflow-hidden "><!--[0--><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse flex items-center justify-center bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-800"></div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.01515.png" decoding="async" alt="" class="h-full w-full object-cover object-top opacity-80 dark:opacity-70 dark:invert invisible" onload="this.__e=event" onerror="this.__e=event"/></div><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><div class="shadow-xs pointer-events-none absolute right-2 top-56 -mt-8 flex h-6 items-center gap-1 self-end whitespace-nowrap rounded-md border bg-white px-2 text-xs leading-none text-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400 sm:text-sm md:top-64">Submitted by <div class="flex-none  "><img alt="" loading="lazy" class="max-w-none size-2.5 rounded-full  flex-none select-none " src="/avatars/bc58ab252c7b4d95ff99e4506fb8d3e9.svg" crossorigin="anonymous"/> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div><!----> CedPei</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.01515" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none 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class="outline-none focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.01515" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">TempCloze: Can Video-LLMs Identify the Missing Middle?</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/hkuhk" class="inline-flex min-w-0 max-w-full items-center rounded-full border border-blue-200/70 bg-blue-50 py-0.5 text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-200 hover:bg-blue-100 dark:border-blue-500/20 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300 dark:hover:border-blue-500/30 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/50 px-2 text-sm gap-1.5 mt-1"><!--[0--><img src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/67ea9e8d2d95c10a0da11b0c/FNnR4M7YqKRuG43N5771B.png" alt="hkuhk" class="size-3.5 rounded"/><!--]--> <span class="block min-w-0 truncate font-medium">The University of Hong Kong</span></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/papers/2609.01515" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg class="size-3 text-gray-800" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="1.03em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 250"><path d="M128.001 0C57.317 0 0 57.307 0 128.001c0 56.554 36.676 104.535 87.535 121.46c6.397 1.185 8.746-2.777 8.746-6.158c0-3.052-.12-13.135-.174-23.83c-35.61 7.742-43.124-15.103-43.124-15.103c-5.823-14.795-14.213-18.73-14.213-18.73c-11.613-7.944.876-7.78.876-7.78c12.853.902 19.621 13.19 19.621 13.19c11.417 19.568 29.945 13.911 37.249 10.64c1.149-8.272 4.466-13.92 8.127-17.116c-28.431-3.236-58.318-14.212-58.318-63.258c0-13.975 5-25.394 13.188-34.358c-1.329-3.224-5.71-16.242 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onerror="this.__e=event"/></div><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><div class="shadow-xs pointer-events-none absolute right-2 top-56 -mt-8 flex h-6 items-center gap-1 self-end whitespace-nowrap rounded-md border bg-white px-2 text-xs leading-none text-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400 sm:text-sm md:top-64">Submitted by <div class="flex-none  "><img alt="" loading="lazy" class="max-w-none size-2.5 rounded-full  flex-none select-none " src="/avatars/258264afe2ea5048a4a7a8e9945d2f5b.svg" crossorigin="anonymous"/> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div><!----> a-yakovenko</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.11486" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer 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focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11486" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">FreeFlow: A Bias-free Hierarchical Transformer for Optical Flow Estimation</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11486" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Dmitriy Vatolin" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Khaled Abud" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Vladislav Bargatin" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="a-yakovenko" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[1--><img class="overflow-hidden rounded-full" alt="" src="/avatars/258264afe2ea5048a4a7a8e9945d2f5b.svg" loading="lazy"/><!--]--></li><!--]--> <!--[0--><li class="text-xs hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 order-first ml-3"><!--[--><div class="flex truncate text-sm text-gray-350 sm:text-base"><div class="mx-1">·</div> 4 authors</div><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!----></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/papers/2609.11486" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg class="size-3 text-gray-800" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="1.03em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 250"><path d="M128.001 0C57.317 0 0 57.307 0 128.001c0 56.554 36.676 104.535 87.535 121.46c6.397 1.185 8.746-2.777 8.746-6.158c0-3.052-.12-13.135-.174-23.83c-35.61 7.742-43.124-15.103-43.124-15.103c-5.823-14.795-14.213-18.73-14.213-18.73c-11.613-7.944.876-7.78.876-7.78c12.853.902 19.621 13.19 19.621 13.19c11.417 19.568 29.945 13.911 37.249 10.64c1.149-8.272 4.466-13.92 8.127-17.116c-28.431-3.236-58.318-14.212-58.318-63.258c0-13.975 5-25.394 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1.45 2.505.701 3.27zm9.442 2.81c-.31 1.003-1.75 1.459-3.199 1.033c-1.448-.439-2.395-1.613-2.103-2.626c.301-1.01 1.747-1.484 3.207-1.028c1.446.436 2.396 1.602 2.095 2.622zm10.744 1.193c.036 1.055-1.193 1.93-2.715 1.95c-1.53.034-2.769-.82-2.786-1.86c0-1.065 1.202-1.932 2.733-1.958c1.522-.03 2.768.818 2.768 1.868zm10.555-.405c.182 1.03-.875 2.088-2.387 2.37c-1.485.271-2.861-.365-3.05-1.386c-.184-1.056.893-2.114 2.376-2.387c1.514-.263 2.868.356 3.061 1.403z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><!----> <span>2</span></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><span class="inline-block "><span class="contents"><a href="/papers/2609.11486#community" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-blue-200 bg-blue-600/10 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-blue-500 dark:border-blue-800/60 dark:bg-blue-800/20 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" 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peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11548" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">World in World: Explore the World with World Models</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11548" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Chi Zhang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Yanming Yang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block 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<!--[-1--><!--]--></div> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <dialog class="shadow-alternate z-40 mx-4 my-auto h-fit select-text overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white max-sm:max-w-[calc(100dvw-2rem)] sm:mx-auto lg:mt-26 md:portrait:mt-30 xl:mt-30 2xl:mt-32 w-full sm:w-96 max-w-[calc(100%-4rem)] text-base  "><div tabindex="-1" class="outline-none focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0"><!--[-1--><!--]--></div></dialog><!----><!----> <div class="w-full min-w-0"><h3 class="mb-1 text-lg/6 font-semibold hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11699" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">Negative Self-Distillation: Learning to Reason by Avoiding Flaws</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.11699" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 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flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-xl border"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.06931" class="shadow-alternate-sm peer relative block h-56 w-full cursor-pointer overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white md:h-64"><div class="relative flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center overflow-hidden "><!--[0--><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse flex items-center justify-center bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-800"></div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn-thumbnails.huggingface.co/social-thumbnails/papers/2609.06931.png" decoding="async" alt="" class="h-full w-full object-cover object-top opacity-80 dark:opacity-70 dark:invert invisible" onload="this.__e=event" onerror="this.__e=event"/></div><!----></a><!--]--> <!--[0--><div class="shadow-xs pointer-events-none absolute right-2 top-56 -mt-8 flex h-6 items-center gap-1 self-end whitespace-nowrap rounded-md border bg-white px-2 text-xs leading-none text-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400 sm:text-sm md:top-64">Submitted by <div class="flex-none  "><img alt="" loading="lazy" class="max-w-none size-2.5 rounded-full  flex-none select-none " src="/avatars/ade0fe033c0821ea8a8ed487a0c10db4.svg" crossorigin="anonymous"/> <!--[-1--><!--]--></div><!----> benbayibaurba</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.06931" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" 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text-balance">CARDEA: Auditable Reasoning Grounded in Spatial Evidence for End-to-End Coronary Angiography Interpretation</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[-1--><a href="/papers/2609.06931" class="flex"><!--[0--><ul class="flex items-center text-gray-600  flex-row-reverse   text-sm  "><!--[--><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Shih-Sheng Chang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 border-white from-gray-300 to-gray-100 dark:border-gray-900 dark:from-gray-600 dark:to-gray-800 " title="Wei-Chun Wang" style="content-visibility:auto;"><!--[-1--><!--]--></li><li class="   -mr-2 h-4 w-4 md:h-5 md:w-5  bg-linear-to-br block flex-none rounded-full border-2 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class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.10016" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 12 12"><path fill="currentColor" d="M5.19 2.67a.94.94 0 0 1 1.62 0l3.31 5.72a.94.94 0 0 1-.82 1.4H2.7a.94.94 0 0 1-.82-1.4l3.31-5.7v-.02Z"></path></svg><!----> <div 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truncate font-medium">Beihang University</span></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/papers/2609.11156" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg class="size-3 text-gray-800" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="1.03em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 250"><path d="M128.001 0C57.317 0 0 57.307 0 128.001c0 56.554 36.676 104.535 87.535 121.46c6.397 1.185 8.746-2.777 8.746-6.158c0-3.052-.12-13.135-.174-23.83c-35.61 7.742-43.124-15.103-43.124-15.103c-5.823-14.795-14.213-18.73-14.213-18.73c-11.613-7.944.876-7.78.876-7.78c12.853.902 19.621 13.19 19.621 13.19c11.417 19.568 29.945 13.911 37.249 10.64c1.149-8.272 4.466-13.92 8.127-17.116c-28.431-3.236-58.318-14.212-58.318-63.258c0-13.975 5-25.394 13.188-34.358c-1.329-3.224-5.71-16.242 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1.003-1.75 1.459-3.199 1.033c-1.448-.439-2.395-1.613-2.103-2.626c.301-1.01 1.747-1.484 3.207-1.028c1.446.436 2.396 1.602 2.095 2.622zm10.744 1.193c.036 1.055-1.193 1.93-2.715 1.95c-1.53.034-2.769-.82-2.786-1.86c0-1.065 1.202-1.932 2.733-1.958c1.522-.03 2.768.818 2.768 1.868zm10.555-.405c.182 1.03-.875 2.088-2.387 2.37c-1.485.271-2.861-.365-3.05-1.386c-.184-1.056.893-2.114 2.376-2.387c1.514-.263 2.868.356 3.061 1.403z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><!----> <span>5</span></a><!--]--> <!--[1--><a href="/papers/2609.11156#community" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M21 15a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7l-4 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hover:underline peer-hover:underline 2xl:text-[1.2rem]/6"><a href="/papers/2609.11808" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">Generative Late-Interaction Embeddings For Visual Document Retrieval</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/KAUST" class="inline-flex min-w-0 max-w-full items-center rounded-full border border-blue-200/70 bg-blue-50 py-0.5 text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-200 hover:bg-blue-100 dark:border-blue-500/20 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300 dark:hover:border-blue-500/30 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/50 px-2 text-sm gap-1.5 mt-1"><!--[0--><img src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/6315fb0b29411a6864b05b35/6egitr9tcwgl5i6ikCbkY.jpeg" alt="KAUST" class="size-3.5 rounded"/><!--]--> <span class="block min-w-0 truncate font-medium">King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</span></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/papers/2609.11808" class="flex 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35.165-13.12c6.967 17.63 2.584 30.65 1.255 33.873c8.207 8.964 13.173 20.383 13.173 34.358c0 49.163-29.944 59.988-58.447 63.157c4.591 3.972 8.682 11.762 8.682 23.704c0 17.126-.148 30.91-.148 35.126c0 3.407 2.304 7.398 8.792 6.14C219.37 232.5 256 184.537 256 128.002C256 57.307 198.691 0 128.001 0zm-80.06 182.34c-.282.636-1.283.827-2.194.39c-.929-.417-1.45-1.284-1.15-1.922c.276-.655 1.279-.838 2.205-.399c.93.418 1.46 1.293 1.139 1.931zm6.296 5.618c-.61.566-1.804.303-2.614-.591c-.837-.892-.994-2.086-.375-2.66c.63-.566 1.787-.301 2.626.591c.838.903 1 2.088.363 2.66zm4.32 7.188c-.785.545-2.067.034-2.86-1.104c-.784-1.138-.784-2.503.017-3.05c.795-.547 2.058-.055 2.861 1.075c.782 1.157.782 2.522-.019 3.08zm7.304 8.325c-.701.774-2.196.566-3.29-.49c-1.119-1.032-1.43-2.496-.726-3.27c.71-.776 2.213-.558 3.315.49c1.11 1.03 1.45 2.505.701 3.27zm9.442 2.81c-.31 1.003-1.75 1.459-3.199 1.033c-1.448-.439-2.395-1.613-2.103-2.626c.301-1.01 1.747-1.484 3.207-1.028c1.446.436 2.396 1.602 2.095 2.622zm10.744 1.193c.036 1.055-1.193 1.93-2.715 1.95c-1.53.034-2.769-.82-2.786-1.86c0-1.065 1.202-1.932 2.733-1.958c1.522-.03 2.768.818 2.768 1.868zm10.555-.405c.182 1.03-.875 2.088-2.387 2.37c-1.485.271-2.861-.365-3.05-1.386c-.184-1.056.893-2.114 2.376-2.387c1.514-.263 2.868.356 3.061 1.403z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><!----> <span>2</span></a><!--]--> <!--[1--><a href="/papers/2609.11808#community" class="flex translate-y-px items-center gap-1 rounded-md border border-gray-100 px-0.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-gray-500 sm:px-1 sm:text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M21 15a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7l-4 4V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h14a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"></path></svg><!----> 1</a><!--]--></div></div></div></div></div></article><!--]--><!--[-1--><article 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href="/papers/2609.11085" class="line-clamp-3 cursor-pointer text-balance">Beyond Solver Verdicts: Generative Reward Models for Autoformalization</a></h3> <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-between gap-1 sm:gap-2"><!--[0--><a href="/AWS" class="inline-flex min-w-0 max-w-full items-center rounded-full border border-blue-200/70 bg-blue-50 py-0.5 text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-200 hover:bg-blue-100 dark:border-blue-500/20 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300 dark:hover:border-blue-500/30 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/50 px-2 text-sm gap-1.5 mt-1"><!--[0--><img src="https://cdn-avatars.huggingface.co/v1/production/uploads/66f19ed428ae41c20c470792/wtuzZxWzijQ3do3zYoOFH.png" alt="AWS" class="size-3.5 rounded"/><!--]--> <span class="block min-w-0 truncate font-medium">Amazon Web Services</span></a><!--]--> <div class="flex items-center gap-2"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><span class="inline-block "><span class="contents"><a href="/papers/2609.11085#community" class="flex translate-y-px 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parinzee</div><!--]--> <!--[-1--><!--]--> <div class="from-gray-50-to-white bg-linear-to-b -mt-2 flex px-6 pb-6 pt-8"><div class="flex w-full gap-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 pt-1  z-1 lg:sticky lg:top-8"><!--[0--><a href="/login?next=%2Fpapers%2F2609.10745" class="self-start"><!--[-1--><!--]--> <!--[0--><!----><div role="checkbox" class="shadow-alternate flex h-14 w-12 gap-1 rounded-xl flex-none cursor-pointer select-none flex-col items-center justify-center self-start border-gray-300 bg-white dark:bg-gray-850 "><input disabled="" type="checkbox" class="peer hidden"/> <svg class="text-sm peer-checked:text-gray-500 group-hover:text-gray-500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 12 12"><path fill="currentColor" d="M5.19 2.67a.94.94 0 0 1 1.62 0l3.31 5.72a.94.94 0 0 1-.82 1.4H2.7a.94.94 0 0 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