spb/forge Public MIT
Forge — LLM training from scratch in pure C++20 + Metal on Apple Silicon.
C++ 61.2%
C 23%
Python 7.6%
TeX 7.2%
CMake 1.1%
1// Author: Simon-Pierre Boucher — contact@spboucher.ai2//3// GEMM throughput benchmark. Times each kernel over the shapes a transformer4// step actually issues (fwd X·Wᵀ, dX = dY·W, dW = dYᵀ·X) plus square shapes5// for a clean TFLOPs number. GPU time comes from command-buffer6// GPUStartTime/GPUEndTime, so it excludes CPU encode overhead.7#include <Foundation/Foundation.hpp>8#include <Metal/Metal.hpp>910#include "core/device.h"11#include "core/tensor.h"12#include "ops/metal/metal_ops.h"1314#include <cstdio>15#include <random>16#include <vector>1718using forge::metal::MatmulKernel;1920namespace {2122struct Case {23 int64_t M, K, N;24 bool ta, tb;25 const char* label;26};2728double bench(const Case& c, MatmulKernel kernel, int iters) {29 forge::Tensor a = c.ta ? forge::Tensor::empty({c.K, c.M})30 : forge::Tensor::empty({c.M, c.K});31 forge::Tensor b = c.tb ? forge::Tensor::empty({c.N, c.K})32 : forge::Tensor::empty({c.K, c.N});33 forge::Tensor out = forge::Tensor::empty({c.M, c.N});34 std::mt19937 rng(7);35 std::uniform_real_distribution<float> dist(-1.0f, 1.0f);36 for (int64_t i = 0; i < a.numel(); ++i) a.data<float>()[i] = dist(rng);37 for (int64_t i = 0; i < b.numel(); ++i) b.data<float>()[i] = dist(rng);3839 // warmup (also builds the pipeline)40 forge::metal::matmul(a, b, out, c.ta, c.tb, false, kernel);41 forge::metal::sync();4243 const double t0 = forge::metal::Stream::get().gpu_seconds();44 for (int i = 0; i < iters; ++i)45 forge::metal::matmul(a, b, out, c.ta, c.tb, false, kernel);46 forge::metal::sync();47 const double elapsed = forge::metal::Stream::get().gpu_seconds() - t0;4849 const double flops = 2.0 * double(c.M) * double(c.N) * double(c.K) * iters;50 return flops / elapsed / 1e12; // TFLOP/s51}5253} // namespace5455int main() {56 NS::AutoreleasePool* pool = NS::AutoreleasePool::alloc()->init();57 std::printf("device: %s\n\n", forge::Device::get().name().c_str());5859 // gpt-25m-ish shapes: batch*seq = 64*1024 rows, d_model 512, d_ff 140860 const std::vector<Case> cases = {61 {4096, 4096, 4096, false, false, "square 4096"},62 {2048, 2048, 2048, false, false, "square 2048"},63 {1024, 1024, 1024, false, false, "square 1024"},64 {65536, 512, 1408, false, true, "fwd mlp X·W1ᵀ"},65 {65536, 1408, 512, false, true, "fwd mlp H·W2ᵀ"},66 {65536, 512, 512, false, true, "fwd attn X·Wqᵀ"},67 {65536, 512, 1408, false, false, "bwd dX = dY·W"},68 {512, 65536, 1408, true, false, "bwd dW = dYᵀ·X"},69 {65536, 512, 4096, false, true, "lm head (vocab 4096)"},70 };7172 std::printf("%-24s %10s %10s %10s\n", "case", "naive", "tiled", "simd");73 for (const Case& c : cases) {74 const double gflop = 2.0 * double(c.M) * double(c.N) * double(c.K) / 1e9;75 const int iters = gflop > 50.0 ? 3 : 10;76 const double n = bench(c, MatmulKernel::Naive, iters);77 const double t = bench(c, MatmulKernel::Tiled, iters);78 const double s = bench(c, MatmulKernel::Simdgroup, iters);79 std::printf("%-24s %9.2fT %9.2fT %9.2fT\n", c.label, n, t, s);80 std::fflush(stdout);81 }8283 pool->drain();84 return 0;85}86