# config/sources.d/16-universities-research.yaml — universities, research institutes & national labs,
# journals / publishers / preprint servers / scholarly infrastructure, funders & science policy.
# Authored 2026-09-08. Every sensor below was fetched and parsed with the registry validator; organizations
# whose feeds are blocked (403/202 bot management) or simply absent are kept as discover-only entities with a
# `notes:` explanation so nobody re-probes them blindly. Extends: arxiv (API Atom feeds), nasa (JPL), esa
# (ESA/Webb, ESA/Hubble).
sources:
  # ───────────────────────── extensions of founding-file sources ─────────────────────────
  - id: arxiv
    extend: true
    notes: "arXiv API (export.arxiv.org) — Atom, 50 newest per category; the API asks for ≥ 3–4 s between requests, one sensor per category keeps it polite."
    sensors:
      - { name: cs.AI api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:cs.AI&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: cs.LG api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:cs.LG&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: cs.CL api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:cs.CL&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: cs.CR api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:cs.CR&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: econ.EM api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:econ.EM&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: q-fin.ST api feed, url: "https://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=cat:q-fin.ST&sortBy=submittedDate&sortOrder=descending&max_results=50", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: nasa
    extend: true
    aliases: [jpl, jet propulsion laboratory]
    products:
      - { name: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, type: service, aliases: [jpl] }
    sensors:
      - { name: jpl news feed, url: "https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/feeds/news/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: science news feed, url: "https://science.nasa.gov/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: esa
    extend: true
    aliases: [esa webb, esa hubble]
    sensors:
      - { name: esa webb news feed, url: "https://esawebb.org/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: esa hubble news feed, url: "https://esahubble.org/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }

  # ───────────────────────── universities · United Kingdom & Europe ─────────────────────────
  - id: cambridge
    name: University of Cambridge
    domain: cam.ac.uk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [cambridge university]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.cam.ac.uk/news/feed", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: oxford
    name: University of Oxford
    domain: ox.ac.uk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [oxford university]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "www.ox.ac.uk answers 403 to every non-browser and browser fetch from our network (bot management) — /rss/news and sitemaps unreachable; entity only."
  - id: imperial-college
    name: Imperial College London
    domain: imperial.ac.uk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [imperial]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /news (historic /news/rss/ and /news/feed/ are 404); the only sitemap is the 17 k-URL corporate one — entity only until a feed reappears."
  - id: ucl
    name: University College London
    domain: ucl.ac.uk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [university college london]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "403 on feeds and news sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: edinburgh
    name: University of Edinburgh
    domain: ed.ac.uk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [edinburgh university]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "News hub has no RSS/Atom and no news sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: eth-zurich
    name: ETH Zurich
    domain: ethz.ch
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [eth zürich, eth]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: eth news feed, url: "https://ethz.ch/en/news-und-veranstaltungen/eth-news/news/_jcr_content.feed.html", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: epfl
    name: EPFL
    domain: epfl.ch
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [école polytechnique fédérale de lausanne]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: mediacom news feed, url: "https://actu.epfl.ch/feeds/rss/mediacom/en/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: tu-munich
    name: Technical University of Munich
    domain: tum.de
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [tum, technische universität münchen]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.tum.de/en/news.rss", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: lmu-munich
    name: LMU Munich
    domain: lmu.de
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ludwig-maximilians-universität, lmu]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: newsroom feed, url: "https://www.lmu.de/en/newsroom/rss-feed-news.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: sorbonne-universite
    name: Sorbonne Université
    domain: sorbonne-universite.fr
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [sorbonne]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://www.sorbonne-universite.fr/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: psl
    name: Université PSL
    domain: psl.eu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [paris sciences et lettres]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://psl.eu/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ku-leuven
    name: KU Leuven
    domain: kuleuven.be
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [leuven]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://nieuws.kuleuven.be/en/content/rss", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: tu-delft
    name: TU Delft
    domain: tudelft.nl
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [delft university of technology]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /en/news (2026-09); generic 217-child sitemap only. Entity only."
  - id: university-of-amsterdam
    name: University of Amsterdam
    domain: uva.nl
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uva, universiteit van amsterdam]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news sitemap, url: "https://www.uva.nl/news-sitemap.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 500, maxChildren: 6 } }
  - id: university-of-copenhagen
    name: University of Copenhagen
    domain: ku.dk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [københavns universitet, ucph]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: all news feed, url: "https://news.ku.dk/all_news/?get_rss=1", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: karolinska
    name: Karolinska Institutet
    domain: ki.se
    categories: [education, research, health]
    tier: B
    aliases: [karolinska institute]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: latest news feed, url: "https://nyheter.ki.se/latest-news/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uppsala
    name: Uppsala University
    domain: uu.se
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uppsala universitet]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /en/news and no news sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: university-of-helsinki
    name: University of Helsinki
    domain: helsinki.fi
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [helsingin yliopisto]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.helsinki.fi/en/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }

  # ───────────────────────── universities · Asia-Pacific ─────────────────────────
  - id: university-of-tokyo
    name: University of Tokyo
    domain: u-tokyo.ac.jp
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [utokyo, todai]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS/Atom on the EN news hub, no sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: kyoto-university
    name: Kyoto University
    domain: kyoto-u.ac.jp
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [kyodai]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: nus
    name: National University of Singapore
    domain: nus.edu.sg
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [nus singapore]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.nus.edu.sg/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ntu-singapore
    name: Nanyang Technological University
    domain: ntu.edu.sg
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ntu]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "News hub is client-rendered without RSS; no sitemap (2026-09). Entity only."
  - id: tsinghua
    name: Tsinghua University
    domain: tsinghua.edu.cn
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed on the EN site (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: peking-university
    name: Peking University
    domain: pku.edu.cn
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [pku, beida]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed on english.pku.edu.cn (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: hku
    name: University of Hong Kong
    domain: hku.hk
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [hong kong university]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Press-release pages have no RSS (rss.hku.hk is the Research Services office, not a feed). Entity only."
  - id: kaist
    name: KAIST
    domain: kaist.ac.kr
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [korea advanced institute of science and technology]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news sitemap, url: "https://news.kaist.ac.kr/sitemap.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 1500, maxChildren: 4 } }
  - id: seoul-national-university
    name: Seoul National University
    domain: snu.ac.kr
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [snu]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed on en.snu.ac.kr (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: iit-bombay
    name: IIT Bombay
    domain: iitb.ac.in
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [indian institute of technology bombay]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.iitb.ac.in/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-melbourne
    name: University of Melbourne
    domain: unimelb.edu.au
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [unimelb, melbourne university]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "403 on newsroom feeds/sitemaps and on pursuit.unimelb.edu.au (bot management); entity only."
  - id: university-of-sydney
    name: University of Sydney
    domain: sydney.edu.au
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [usyd]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS in News & opinion (AEM), no news sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: anu
    name: Australian National University
    domain: anu.edu.au
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [australian national university]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Newsroom has no RSS (2026-09); generic 76-child sitemap only. Entity only."

  # ───────────────────────── universities · Canada ─────────────────────────
  - id: university-of-toronto
    name: University of Toronto
    domain: utoronto.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [u of t, uoft]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.utoronto.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ubc
    name: University of British Columbia
    domain: ubc.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [ubc]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.ubc.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: mcgill
    name: McGill University
    domain: mcgill.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [mcgill]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news releases feed, url: "https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels_item/19/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: experts feed, url: "https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels_item/20/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 30 } }
  - id: universite-de-montreal
    name: Université de Montréal
    domain: umontreal.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [udem, university of montreal]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "UdeMnouvelles offers only a client-rendered RSS builder (/rss) with no static feed URL; the TYPO3 sitemap index of the news site is used instead."
    sensors:
      - { name: udemnouvelles sitemap, url: "https://nouvelles.umontreal.ca/sitemap.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 2000, maxChildren: 3 } }
  - id: universite-laval
    name: Université Laval
    domain: ulaval.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [laval university]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://www.ulaval.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uqam
    name: Université du Québec à Montréal
    domain: uqam.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uqam]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "actualites.uqam.ca answers 500 on /feed; the press room (salledepresse.uqam.ca) WordPress feed works."
    sensors:
      - { name: salle de presse feed, url: "https://salledepresse.uqam.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uqo
    name: Université du Québec en Outaouais
    domain: uqo.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uqo]
    discover: { rss: true }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://uqo.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: universite-de-sherbrooke
    name: Université de Sherbrooke
    domain: usherbrooke.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [udes, sherbrooke]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS under /actualites (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: polytechnique-montreal
    name: Polytechnique Montréal
    domain: polymtl.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [poly montréal, polymtl]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.polymtl.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: carrefour actualité feed, url: "https://www.polymtl.ca/carrefour-actualite/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: hec-montreal
    name: HEC Montréal
    domain: hec.ca
    categories: [education, research, finance]
    tier: B
    aliases: [hec]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: nouvelles feed, url: "https://www.hec.ca/nouvelles/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: concordia
    name: Concordia University
    domain: concordia.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [concordia montreal]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "AEM news hub without RSS or news sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: ets-montreal
    name: École de technologie supérieure
    domain: etsmtl.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: C
    aliases: [éts, ets]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /nouvelles (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: inrs
    name: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
    domain: inrs.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [inrs]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://inrs.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: teluq
    name: Université TÉLUQ
    domain: teluq.ca
    categories: [education]
    tier: C
    aliases: [téluq, teluq]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /site/nouvelles (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: uqtr
    name: Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
    domain: uqtr.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uqtr]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: néo uqtr feed, url: "https://neo.uqtr.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uqac
    name: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
    domain: uqac.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uqac]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: nouvelles feed, url: "https://www.uqac.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uqar
    name: Université du Québec à Rimouski
    domain: uqar.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uqar]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: nouvelles feed, url: "https://www.uqar.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: uqat
    name: Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
    domain: uqat.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: C
    aliases: [uqat]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/feed and /rss.xml are 404 (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: bishops-university
    name: Bishop's University
    domain: ubishops.ca
    categories: [education]
    tier: C
    aliases: [bishop's]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.ubishops.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: university-of-waterloo
    name: University of Waterloo
    domain: uwaterloo.ca
    categories: [education, research, ai]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [waterloo, uwaterloo]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://uwaterloo.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: mcmaster
    name: McMaster University
    domain: mcmaster.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [mcmaster]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: mcmaster news feed, url: "https://news.mcmaster.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-alberta
    name: University of Alberta
    domain: ualberta.ca
    categories: [education, research, ai]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ualberta, u of a]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "403 on every feed/sitemap path under /en/news and /folio (bot management); entity only."
  - id: university-of-calgary
    name: University of Calgary
    domain: ucalgary.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ucalgary, u of c]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://ucalgary.ca/news/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-ottawa
    name: University of Ottawa
    domain: uottawa.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uottawa, université d'ottawa]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.uottawa.ca/en/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: queens-university
    name: Queen's University
    domain: queensu.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [queen's, queensu]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: gazette feed, url: "https://www.queensu.ca/gazette/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: western-university
    name: Western University
    domain: uwo.ca
    homepage: https://www.uwo.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [western, uwo]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: western news feed, url: "https://news.westernu.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: dalhousie
    name: Dalhousie University
    domain: dal.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [dal]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: dal news feed, url: "https://www.dal.ca/news.rss.html", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: sfu
    name: Simon Fraser University
    domain: sfu.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [sfu]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: sfu news feed, url: "https://www.sfu.ca/content/sfu/sfunews/_jcr_content/main_content/listclf3.feed", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-victoria
    name: University of Victoria
    domain: uvic.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uvic]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.uvic.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-manitoba
    name: University of Manitoba
    domain: umanitoba.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: C
    aliases: [umanitoba, u of m]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "news.umanitoba.ca returns an HTML shell for /feed and sitemaps (client-rendered); entity only."
  - id: university-of-saskatchewan
    name: University of Saskatchewan
    domain: usask.ca
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [usask]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.usask.ca/index.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }

  # ───────────────────────── universities · United States ─────────────────────────
  - id: princeton
    name: Princeton University
    domain: princeton.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.princeton.edu/feed", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: yale
    name: Yale University
    domain: yale.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: yale news feed, url: "https://news.yale.edu/news-rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: columbia
    name: Columbia University
    domain: columbia.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "news.columbia.edu answers 403 to feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: upenn
    name: University of Pennsylvania
    domain: upenn.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [penn]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "penntoday.upenn.edu answers 403 to feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: uchicago
    name: University of Chicago
    domain: uchicago.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [university of chicago]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "UChicago News has no RSS; its sitemap index (news-only host) is the sensor."
    sensors:
      - { name: news sitemap, url: "https://news.uchicago.edu/sitemap.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 2000, maxChildren: 3 } }
  - id: cornell
    name: Cornell University
    domain: cornell.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "Cornell Chronicle only exposes topic feeds (taxonomy/term/*/feed); the Google news sitemap covers everything."
    sensors:
      - { name: chronicle news sitemap, url: "https://news.cornell.edu/sitemap-news.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 500 } }
  - id: johns-hopkins
    name: Johns Hopkins University
    domain: jhu.edu
    categories: [education, research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [jhu, hopkins]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: hub feed, url: "https://hub.jhu.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: duke
    name: Duke University
    domain: duke.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "Duke Today has no RSS; its sitemap index (news-only host) is the sensor."
    sensors:
      - { name: duke today sitemap, url: "https://today.duke.edu/sitemap.xml", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 2000, maxChildren: 3 } }
  - id: northwestern
    name: Northwestern University
    domain: northwestern.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: northwestern now feed, url: "https://news.northwestern.edu/feeds/allStories", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-michigan
    name: University of Michigan
    domain: umich.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [umich, michigan]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: michigan news feed, url: "https://news.umich.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ucla
    name: UCLA
    domain: ucla.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [university of california los angeles]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: newsroom feed, url: "https://newsroom.ucla.edu/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ucsd
    name: UC San Diego
    domain: ucsd.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uc san diego, university of california san diego]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "UC San Diego Today has no RSS; its sitemap (news-only host) is the sensor."
    sensors:
      - { name: today sitemap, url: "https://today.ucsd.edu/others/sitemap", type: SITEMAP, connector: sitemap, tier: B, config: { maxUrls: 2000 } }
  - id: university-of-washington
    name: University of Washington
    domain: washington.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [uw, udub]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: uw news feed, url: "https://www.washington.edu/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: georgia-tech
    name: Georgia Tech
    domain: gatech.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [georgia institute of technology]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.gatech.edu/rss/all", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ut-austin
    name: University of Texas at Austin
    domain: utexas.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ut austin, utexas]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.utexas.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: carnegie-mellon
    name: Carnegie Mellon University
    domain: cmu.edu
    categories: [education, research, ai]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [cmu, carnegie mellon]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.cmu.edu/news/feeds/news.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: nyu
    name: New York University
    domain: nyu.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [nyu]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "nyu.edu answers 202 with an interstitial (bot management) on feeds and sitemap; entity only."
  - id: usc
    name: University of Southern California
    domain: usc.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [usc]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: usc today feed, url: "https://today.usc.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: purdue
    name: Purdue University
    domain: purdue.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: newsroom feed, url: "https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-illinois
    name: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
    domain: illinois.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uiuc, illinois]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news bureau feed, url: "https://news.illinois.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-wisconsin
    name: University of Wisconsin–Madison
    domain: wisc.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [uw–madison, wisconsin]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.wisc.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: university-of-minnesota
    name: University of Minnesota
    domain: umn.edu
    categories: [education, research]
    tier: B
    aliases: [umn]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "twin-cities.umn.edu answers 403 to feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."

  # ───────────────────────── research institutes & national labs ─────────────────────────
  - id: cnrs
    name: CNRS
    domain: cnrs.fr
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [centre national de la recherche scientifique]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "/en/rss.xml is a stale single-item feed; the FR feed, CNRS News (EN) and CNRS Le journal are live."
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://www.cnrs.fr/fr/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: cnrs news feed, url: "https://news.cnrs.fr/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: le journal feed, url: "https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: inria
    name: Inria
    domain: inria.fr
    categories: [research, ai, developer]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://www.inria.fr/fr/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: news feed (en), url: "https://www.inria.fr/en/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: inserm
    name: Inserm
    domain: inserm.fr
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    aliases: [institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: press room feed, url: "https://presse.inserm.fr/en/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: site feed, url: "https://www.inserm.fr/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: cea
    name: CEA
    domain: cea.fr
    categories: [research, energy, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "SharePoint site without any RSS endpoint found (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: fraunhofer
    name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
    domain: fraunhofer.de
    categories: [research, technology]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [fraunhofer]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: press feed, url: "https://www.fraunhofer.de/en/rss/press.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: helmholtz
    name: Helmholtz Association
    domain: helmholtz.de
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [helmholtz-gemeinschaft]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Newsroom without RSS (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: leibniz
    name: Leibniz Association
    domain: leibniz-gemeinschaft.de
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [leibniz-gemeinschaft, leibniz]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: riken
    name: RIKEN
    domain: riken.jp
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: press releases feed, url: "https://www.riken.jp/en/feed/press_feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: topics feed, url: "https://www.riken.jp/en/feed/topics_feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: csiro
    name: CSIRO
    domain: csiro.au
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "News hub without RSS and blog.csiro.au feed returns HTML (2026-09); only a 7 k-URL corporate sitemap. Entity only."
  - id: nrc-canada
    name: National Research Council Canada
    domain: nrc.canada.ca
    categories: [research, government]
    tier: B
    aliases: [nrc, cnrc, conseil national de recherches]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Stories hub has no feed and canada.ca department Atom feeds return the 404 page for NRC (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: mila
    name: Mila – Quebec AI Institute
    domain: mila.quebec
    categories: [research, ai]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [mila]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://mila.quebec/en/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: vector-institute
    name: Vector Institute
    domain: vectorinstitute.ai
    categories: [research, ai]
    tier: B
    aliases: [vector]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://vectorinstitute.ai/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: amii
    name: Amii
    domain: amii.ca
    categories: [research, ai]
    tier: C
    aliases: [alberta machine intelligence institute]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Client-rendered site with no feed (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: ivado
    name: IVADO
    domain: ivado.ca
    categories: [research, ai]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://ivado.ca/en/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: cifar
    name: CIFAR
    domain: cifar.ca
    categories: [research, ai, funding]
    tier: B
    aliases: [canadian institute for advanced research]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://cifar.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: ai2
    name: Allen Institute for AI
    domain: allenai.org
    categories: [research, ai]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [ai2, allen ai]
    products:
      - { name: OLMo, type: AI_model, aliases: [olmo] }
      - { name: Semantic Scholar, type: service, aliases: [semantic scholar] }
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "Semantic Scholar (an AI2 product) has no public news feed; blog.semanticscholar.org does not resolve."
    sensors:
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://allenai.org/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: medium blog feed, url: "https://medium.com/feed/ai2-blog", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: broad-institute
    name: Broad Institute
    domain: broadinstitute.org
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    aliases: [broad]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.broadinstitute.org/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: salk-institute
    name: Salk Institute
    domain: salk.edu
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: C
    aliases: [salk]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.salk.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: scripps-research
    name: Scripps Research
    domain: scripps.edu
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss returns a valid but empty WordPress feed (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: hhmi
    name: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
    domain: hhmi.org
    categories: [research, health, funding]
    tier: B
    aliases: [hhmi]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss.xml is an empty channel and the news hub has no feed (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: wellcome
    name: Wellcome
    domain: wellcome.org
    categories: [research, health, funding]
    tier: B
    aliases: [wellcome trust]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "wellcome.org answers 202 with a bot-management interstitial on every path; entity only."
  - id: sanger-institute
    name: Wellcome Sanger Institute
    domain: sanger.ac.uk
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: C
    aliases: [sanger]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.sanger.ac.uk/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: embl
    name: EMBL
    domain: embl.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [european molecular biology laboratory]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.embl.org/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: francis-crick-institute
    name: Francis Crick Institute
    domain: crick.ac.uk
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    aliases: [the crick]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "403 on feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: institut-pasteur
    name: Institut Pasteur
    domain: pasteur.fr
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [pasteur]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss.xml, /fr/rss.xml and /en/rss.xml are valid but empty channels (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: weizmann-institute
    name: Weizmann Institute of Science
    domain: weizmann.ac.il
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [weizmann]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: compass feed, url: "https://www.weizmann.ac.il/WeizmannCompass/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: wis wander feed, url: "https://wis-wander.weizmann.ac.il/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: perimeter-institute
    name: Perimeter Institute
    domain: perimeterinstitute.ca
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [perimeter]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss.xml is an empty channel; no sitemap (2026-09). Entity only."
  - id: santa-fe-institute
    name: Santa Fe Institute
    domain: santafe.edu
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [sfi]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.santafe.edu/news-center/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: argonne
    name: Argonne National Laboratory
    domain: anl.gov
    categories: [research, science, energy]
    tier: B
    aliases: [argonne]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "anl.gov answers 403 to feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: oak-ridge
    name: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    domain: ornl.gov
    categories: [research, science, energy]
    tier: B
    aliases: [ornl, oak ridge]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.ornl.gov/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: los-alamos
    name: Los Alamos National Laboratory
    domain: lanl.gov
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [lanl, los alamos]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed on /media/news and discover.lanl.gov does not resolve (2026-09); only a 1.8 k-URL corporate sitemap. Entity only."
  - id: lawrence-livermore
    name: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
    domain: llnl.gov
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [llnl, livermore]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss.xml is an empty channel and /news/rss.xml returns HTML (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: lawrence-berkeley
    name: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    domain: lbl.gov
    categories: [research, science, energy]
    tier: B
    aliases: [berkeley lab, lbnl]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news center feed, url: "https://newscenter.lbl.gov/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: brookhaven
    name: Brookhaven National Laboratory
    domain: bnl.gov
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [bnl]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Newsroom without RSS and no sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: fermilab
    name: Fermilab
    domain: fnal.gov
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [fermi national accelerator laboratory]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.fnal.gov/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: slac
    name: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
    domain: slac.stanford.edu
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [slac]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www6.slac.stanford.edu/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: pnnl
    name: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
    domain: pnnl.gov
    categories: [research, science, energy]
    tier: B
    aliases: [pnnl]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss.xml is an empty channel and /news/rss.xml is 403 (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: sandia
    name: Sandia National Laboratories
    domain: sandia.gov
    categories: [research, science, cyber]
    tier: B
    aliases: [sandia labs]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news releases feed, url: "https://newsreleases.sandia.gov/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.sandia.gov/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: ncar
    name: NCAR / UCAR
    domain: ucar.edu
    categories: [research, climate, weather]
    tier: B
    aliases: [national center for atmospheric research, ucar]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://news.ucar.edu/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: woods-hole
    name: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    domain: whoi.edu
    categories: [research, climate, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [whoi]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.whoi.edu/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: scripps-oceanography
    name: Scripps Institution of Oceanography
    domain: scripps.ucsd.edu
    categories: [research, climate, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [scripps oceanography]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/feed", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: alfred-wegener-institute
    name: Alfred Wegener Institute
    domain: awi.de
    categories: [research, climate, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [awi]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Press pages without RSS (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: triumf
    name: TRIUMF
    domain: triumf.ca
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://triumf.ca/feed", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: snolab
    name: SNOLAB
    domain: snolab.ca
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.snolab.ca/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: canadian-light-source
    name: Canadian Light Source
    domain: lightsource.ca
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [cls]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Only sector news pages (HTML) — no RSS found (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: eso
    name: European Southern Observatory
    domain: eso.org
    categories: [research, space, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [eso]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.eso.org/public/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: announcements feed, url: "https://feeds.feedburner.com/EsoAnnouncements", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://www.eso.org/public/blog/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: nrao
    name: National Radio Astronomy Observatory
    domain: nrao.edu
    categories: [research, space, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [nrao]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://public.nrao.edu/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: noirlab
    name: NSF NOIRLab
    domain: noirlab.edu
    categories: [research, space, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [noirlab]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://noirlab.edu/public/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: stsci
    name: Space Telescope Science Institute
    domain: stsci.edu
    categories: [research, space, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [stsci, webb telescope, hubble]
    products:
      - { name: James Webb Space Telescope, type: product, aliases: [jwst, webb] }
      - { name: Hubble Space Telescope, type: product, aliases: [hubble] }
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "webbtelescope.org / hubblesite.org now point to science.nasa.gov/feed/ (covered on nasa) and the ESA/Webb + ESA/Hubble feeds are on esa; STScI itself publishes no feed."

  # ───────────────────────── journals, publishers, preprints, scholarly infrastructure ─────────────────────────
  - id: cell-press
    name: Cell Press
    domain: cell.com
    categories: [research, science, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [cell]
    products:
      - { name: Cell, type: product }
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: cell current issue feed, url: "https://www.cell.com/cell/current.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: cell in press feed, url: "https://www.cell.com/cell/inpress.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: the-lancet
    name: The Lancet
    domain: thelancet.com
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [lancet]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: current issue feed, url: "https://www.thelancet.com/rssfeed/lancet_current.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: online first feed, url: "https://www.thelancet.com/rssfeed/lancet_online.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: nejm
    name: New England Journal of Medicine
    domain: nejm.org
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [nejm]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: current issue feed, url: "https://www.nejm.org/action/showFeed?type=etoc&feed=rss&jc=nejm", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: jama
    name: JAMA Network
    domain: jamanetwork.com
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [jama]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: jama current issue feed, url: "https://jamanetwork.com/rss/site_3/67.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: jama online first feed, url: "https://jamanetwork.com/rss/site_3/onlineFirst_67.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: bmj
    name: The BMJ
    domain: bmj.com
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [british medical journal]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: recent articles feed, url: "https://www.bmj.com/rss/recent.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: pnas
    name: PNAS
    domain: pnas.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [proceedings of the national academy of sciences]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: current issue feed, url: "https://www.pnas.org/action/showFeed?type=etoc&feed=rss&jc=pnas", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: plos
    name: PLOS
    domain: plos.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [public library of science]
    products:
      - { name: PLOS ONE, type: product, aliases: [plos one] }
      - { name: PLOS Biology, type: product }
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: plos one feed, url: "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/feed/atom", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: plos biology feed, url: "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/feed/atom", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: C }
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://theplosblog.plos.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: elife
    name: eLife
    domain: elifesciences.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: recent articles feed, url: "https://elifesciences.org/rss/recent.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: ahead of print feed, url: "https://elifesciences.org/rss/ahead.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: frontiers
    name: Frontiers
    domain: frontiersin.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [frontiers media]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.frontiersin.org/news/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: frontiers in ai feed, url: "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: elsevier
    name: Elsevier
    domain: elsevier.com
    categories: [research, media]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    products:
      - { name: ScienceDirect, type: service }
      - { name: Scopus, type: service }
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on Elsevier Connect / press releases and no sitemap (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: wiley
    name: Wiley
    domain: wiley.com
    categories: [research, media]
    tier: B
    aliases: [john wiley & sons]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "newsroom.wiley.com answers 403 to feeds (bot management); entity only."
  - id: acm
    name: ACM
    domain: acm.org
    categories: [research, developer, standards]
    tier: B
    aliases: [association for computing machinery]
    products:
      - { name: Turing Award, type: product, aliases: [acm turing award] }
      - { name: Communications of the ACM, type: product, aliases: [cacm] }
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "acm.org, cacm.acm.org and awards.acm.org all answer 403 to feeds (bot management); entity only."
  - id: ieee-spectrum
    name: IEEE Spectrum
    domain: spectrum.ieee.org
    categories: [research, technology, ai, media]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [ieee]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: all articles feed, url: "https://spectrum.ieee.org/feeds/feed.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: ai topic feed, url: "https://spectrum.ieee.org/feeds/topic/artificial-intelligence.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: biorxiv
    name: bioRxiv
    domain: biorxiv.org
    categories: [research, science, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    llm: false
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "High-volume preprint stream — heuristics only. Subject feeds: connect.biorxiv.org/biorxiv_xml.php?subject=<slug>."
    sensors:
      - { name: all preprints feed, url: "https://connect.biorxiv.org/biorxiv_xml.php?subject=all", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: neuroscience feed, url: "https://connect.biorxiv.org/biorxiv_xml.php?subject=neuroscience", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: bioinformatics feed, url: "https://connect.biorxiv.org/biorxiv_xml.php?subject=bioinformatics", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: medrxiv
    name: medRxiv
    domain: medrxiv.org
    categories: [research, health]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    llm: false
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "High-volume preprint stream — heuristics only."
    sensors:
      - { name: all preprints feed, url: "https://connect.medrxiv.org/medrxiv_xml.php?subject=all", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: infectious diseases feed, url: "https://connect.medrxiv.org/medrxiv_xml.php?subject=infectious_diseases", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: epidemiology feed, url: "https://connect.medrxiv.org/medrxiv_xml.php?subject=epidemiology", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: chemrxiv
    name: ChemRxiv
    domain: chemrxiv.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Cambridge Open Engage answers 403 to the RSS and public API (bot management); entity only."
  - id: ssrn
    name: SSRN
    domain: ssrn.com
    categories: [research, finance]
    tier: C
    aliases: [social science research network]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "ssrn.com and papers.ssrn.com answer 403 (bot management); entity only."
  - id: nber
    name: National Bureau of Economic Research
    domain: nber.org
    categories: [research, finance, statistics]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [nber]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: new working papers feed, url: "https://www.nber.org/rss/new.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: releases feed, url: "https://www.nber.org/rss/releases.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: repec
    name: RePEc
    domain: repec.org
    categories: [research, finance]
    tier: C
    aliases: [research papers in economics, ideas repec]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://blog.repec.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: retraction-watch
    name: Retraction Watch
    domain: retractionwatch.com
    categories: [research, media]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: posts feed, url: "https://retractionwatch.com/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: crossref
    name: Crossref
    domain: crossref.org
    categories: [research, infrastructure, open-data]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    products:
      - { name: Crossref REST API, type: API }
    discover: { rss: false, status: true }
    sensors:
      - { name: status, url: "https://status.crossref.org/api/v2/summary.json", type: STATUSPAGE, connector: statuspage, tier: S }
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://www.crossref.org/blog/index.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: orcid
    name: ORCID
    domain: orcid.org
    categories: [research, infrastructure]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://info.orcid.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: doaj
    name: DOAJ
    domain: doaj.org
    categories: [research, open-data]
    tier: C
    aliases: [directory of open access journals]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: new journals feed, url: "https://doaj.org/feed", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: C, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://blog.doaj.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: zenodo
    name: Zenodo
    domain: zenodo.org
    categories: [research, open-data, infrastructure]
    tier: B
    products:
      - { name: Zenodo REST API, type: API }
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Candidate sensor: jsonlist on https://zenodo.org/api/records?sort=mostrecent&size=25 (itemsPath hits.hits, keyField id, titleField metadata.title, urlField links.self_html, dateField created, llm: false). The API answered 504 Gateway Time-out on every attempt on 2026-09-08 and blog.zenodo.org has no feed — entity only until the API is healthy."
  - id: center-for-open-science
    name: Center for Open Science
    domain: cos.io
    categories: [research, infrastructure]
    tier: B
    aliases: [cos, osf, open science framework]
    products:
      - { name: OSF, type: service, aliases: [open science framework] }
    discover: { rss: false, status: true }
    sensors:
      - { name: osf status, url: "https://status.cos.io/api/v2/summary.json", type: STATUSPAGE, connector: statuspage, tier: S }
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://www.cos.io/blog/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: figshare
    name: Figshare
    domain: figshare.com
    categories: [research, infrastructure]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false, status: true }
    notes: "Blog answers 202 (bot management); the status page is the only sensor."
    sensors:
      - { name: status, url: "https://status.figshare.com/api/v2/summary.json", type: STATUSPAGE, connector: statuspage, tier: S }
  - id: dryad
    name: Dryad
    domain: datadryad.org
    categories: [research, open-data]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: blog feed, url: "https://blog.datadryad.org/feed", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: europe-pmc
    name: Europe PMC
    domain: europepmc.org
    categories: [research, health, open-data]
    tier: B
    llm: false
    products:
      - { name: Europe PMC REST API, type: API }
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "europepmc.org RSS is 403; the EBI REST search (newest preprints, SRC:PPR) is polled instead — heuristics only."
    sensors:
      - { name: newest preprints api, url: "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=SRC:PPR&sort=P_PDATE_D%20desc&format=json&pageSize=25", type: REST_API, connector: jsonlist, tier: B, config: { itemsPath: resultList.result, keyField: id, titleField: title, urlTemplate: "https://europepmc.org/article/PPR/{key}", dateField: firstPublicationDate, maxItems: 25 } }

  # ───────────────────────── funders & science policy ─────────────────────────
  - id: erc
    name: European Research Council
    domain: erc.europa.eu
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [erc]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://erc.europa.eu/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: cordis
    name: CORDIS / Horizon Europe
    domain: cordis.europa.eu
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    aliases: [cordis, horizon europe]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/rss/en/news returns HTML (feed discontinued); entity only."
  - id: ukri
    name: UK Research and Innovation
    domain: ukri.org
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [ukri]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.ukri.org/news/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: dfg
    name: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
    domain: dfg.de
    categories: [research, funding]
    tier: B
    aliases: [dfg, german research foundation]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: press releases feed, url: "https://www.dfg.de/service/rss/en/324778/feed.rss", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: anr
    name: Agence nationale de la recherche
    domain: anr.fr
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    aliases: [anr]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "The generic /rss/ is empty; the calls-for-proposals feed (/rss/?aap) is live."
    sensors:
      - { name: appels à projets feed, url: "https://anr.fr/rss/?aap", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: nserc
    name: NSERC
    domain: nserc-crsng.gc.ca
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    aliases: [crsng, natural sciences and engineering research council]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Classic ASP site without RSS; canada.ca department Atom feed returns the 404 page (2026-09). Entity only."
  - id: sshrc
    name: SSHRC
    domain: sshrc-crsh.canada.ca
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [crsh, social sciences and humanities research council]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed found after the move to sshrc-crsh.canada.ca (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: cihr
    name: CIHR
    domain: cihr-irsc.gc.ca
    categories: [research, funding, health, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [irsc, canadian institutes of health research]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Site links to a canada.ca Atom feed that returns the 404 page (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: frq
    name: Fonds de recherche du Québec
    domain: frq.gouv.qc.ca
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: B
    aliases: [frq, frqnt, frqs, frqsc]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: actualités feed, url: "https://frq.gouv.qc.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
      - { name: news feed (en), url: "https://frq.gouv.qc.ca/en/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: genome-canada
    name: Genome Canada
    domain: genomecanada.ca
    categories: [research, funding, health]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://genomecanada.ca/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: cfi
    name: Canada Foundation for Innovation
    domain: innovation.ca
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [cfi, fci]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.innovation.ca/rss.xml", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }
  - id: gates-foundation
    name: Gates Foundation
    domain: gatesfoundation.org
    categories: [funding, health, ngo]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [bill & melinda gates foundation]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "Media center without RSS; only a 1.1 k-URL corporate sitemap (2026-09). Entity only."
  - id: czi
    name: Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
    domain: chanzuckerberg.com
    categories: [funding, research, health]
    tier: B
    aliases: [czi]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: newsroom feed, url: "https://chanzuckerberg.com/newsroom/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: simons-foundation
    name: Simons Foundation
    domain: simonsfoundation.org
    categories: [funding, research, science]
    tier: B
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.simonsfoundation.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: sloan-foundation
    name: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
    domain: sloan.org
    categories: [funding, research]
    tier: C
    aliases: [sloan]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "sloan.org answers 403 to feeds (bot management); entity only."
  - id: templeton-foundation
    name: John Templeton Foundation
    domain: templeton.org
    categories: [funding, research]
    tier: C
    aliases: [templeton]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "/feed is a valid but empty WordPress channel (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: jst
    name: Japan Science and Technology Agency
    domain: jst.go.jp
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [jst]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on the EN site (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: nsfc
    name: National Natural Science Foundation of China
    domain: nsfc.gov.cn
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [nsfc]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No feed on the EN site (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: arc-australia
    name: Australian Research Council
    domain: arc.gov.au
    categories: [research, funding, government]
    tier: C
    aliases: [arc]
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "arc.gov.au drops connections from our network (geo/bot filtering, 2026-09); entity only."
  - id: royal-society
    name: Royal Society
    domain: royalsociety.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    discover: { rss: false, sitemap: false }
    notes: "royalsociety.org and royalsocietypublishing.org answer 403 to feeds and sitemap (bot management); entity only."
  - id: national-academies
    name: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    domain: nationalacademies.org
    categories: [research, science, government]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.1
    aliases: [nasem, national academies press]
    discover: { rss: false }
    notes: "The news hub has no RSS; the National Academies Press new-titles Atom feed is the sensor."
    sensors:
      - { name: nap new titles feed, url: "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/rss/new.xml", type: ATOM, connector: rss, tier: B, config: { maxItems: 50 } }
  - id: aaas
    name: AAAS
    domain: aaas.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    aliases: [american association for the advancement of science, eurekalert]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "aaas.org news has no RSS and EurekAlert! removed its RSS feeds (2026-09); Science journal is the separate `science` source. Entity only."
  - id: nobel-prize
    name: Nobel Prize
    domain: nobelprize.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: B
    weight: 1.2
    aliases: [nobel, nobel foundation]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://www.nobelprize.org/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: B }
  - id: breakthrough-prize
    name: Breakthrough Prize
    domain: breakthroughprize.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on /News (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: imu
    name: International Mathematical Union
    domain: mathunion.org
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [fields medal]
    products:
      - { name: Fields Medal, type: product }
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on imu-news (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: kavli-foundation
    name: Kavli Foundation
    domain: kavlifoundation.org
    categories: [funding, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [kavli prize]
    discover: { rss: true, sitemap: false }
    notes: "No RSS on kavlifoundation.org or kavliprize.org (2026-09); entity only."
  - id: wolf-foundation
    name: Wolf Foundation
    domain: wolffund.org.il
    categories: [research, science]
    tier: C
    aliases: [wolf prize]
    discover: { rss: false }
    sensors:
      - { name: news feed, url: "https://wolffund.org.il/feed/", type: RSS, connector: rss, tier: C }