{
 "record_id": "3372ad7c12532642d33524d3fe7c38467c784796",
 "eligible": true,
 "exclusion_reason": null,
 "study": {
  "title": "Estimation of Hedonic Models Using a Multilevel Approach: An Application for the Swiss Rental Market",
  "year": 2008,
  "doi": "10.1007/bf03399271",
  "country": "Switzerland",
  "region_city": "Nationwide (municipalities as level-2 clusters)",
  "sample_start": 2006,
  "sample_end": 2007,
  "property_type": "rental",
  "price_type": "rent",
  "data_source": "Wuest & Partner database of rental apartments owned by institutional investors (contracts starting 2006-2007)",
  "document_type": "journal",
  "estimators": [
   "OLS",
   "other"
  ],
  "spatial_method": "multilevel (random intercept and random slope at municipality level); OLS variants with cantonal dummies",
  "time_fe": true,
  "location_fe": true,
  "se_type": "OLS",
  "n_obs_total": 11913,
  "ai_methods": [],
  "notes": "Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics 144(4), 679-701. Dependent variable: log yearly rent in CHF. Continuous regressors are mean-centred (Table 2 note). Table 5 compares OLS 1 (cantonal dummies), OLS 2 (cantonal dummies + cantonal interaction terms) and ML (multilevel random-coefficient model, identical to Table 4). Standard errors in parentheses; no stars (bold = significant at 5%, italics at 10%, formatting lost in text extraction, so p_stars left empty). Age squared coefficient (0.005-0.006) is implausibly large for years^2 and the scaling of the squared term is not stated. Time dummies dhj_2/dhj_3 (contract start period) and cantonal dummies/interactions not extracted. Macro-location = log of municipality-level virtual asking price per m2 from a separate spatial model."
 },
 "models": [
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "table": "5",
   "column": "1",
   "page": 17,
   "dep_var": "log yearly rent (CHF)",
   "dep_transform": "log",
   "estimator": "OLS",
   "n_obs": 11913,
   "r2": 0.858,
   "se_or_t_in_parentheses": "se",
   "sample_subset": "OLS 1: with cantonal dummies"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "table": "5",
   "column": "2",
   "page": 17,
   "dep_var": "log yearly rent (CHF)",
   "dep_transform": "log",
   "estimator": "OLS",
   "n_obs": 11913,
   "r2": 0.859,
   "se_or_t_in_parentheses": "se",
   "sample_subset": "OLS 2: cantonal dummies + cantonal interaction terms"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "table": "5",
   "column": "3",
   "page": 17,
   "dep_var": "log yearly rent (CHF)",
   "dep_transform": "log",
   "estimator": "other",
   "n_obs": 11913,
   "r2": 0.877,
   "se_or_t_in_parentheses": "se",
   "sample_subset": "ML: two-level multilevel model (random intercept + random slope on dwelling area at municipality level, MLwiN); same estimates as Table 4 p. 14"
  }
 ],
 "coefficients": [
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Dwelling area (overall mean effect)",
   "taxonomy_id": "living_area",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "m2",
   "beta": 0.614,
   "se": 0.019,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Log dwelling area (Table 2); random slope at municipality level in ML model"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Dwelling area (overall mean effect)",
   "taxonomy_id": "living_area",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "m2",
   "beta": 0.63,
   "se": 0.011,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Log dwelling area (Table 2); random slope at municipality level in ML model"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Dwelling area (overall mean effect)",
   "taxonomy_id": "living_area",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "m2",
   "beta": 0.603,
   "se": 0.017,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Log dwelling area (Table 2); random slope at municipality level in ML model"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Macro-location (in log)",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "CHF per m2 (log)",
   "beta": 0.766,
   "se": 0.025,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Municipality-level virtual asking rent per m2 from separate spatial model (location attractiveness index)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Macro-location (in log)",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "CHF per m2 (log)",
   "beta": 0.761,
   "se": 0.022,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Municipality-level virtual asking rent per m2 from separate spatial model (location attractiveness index)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Macro-location (in log)",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "log",
   "x_unit": "CHF per m2 (log)",
   "beta": 0.789,
   "se": 0.024,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Municipality-level virtual asking rent per m2 from separate spatial model (location attractiveness index)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Age in years",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": -0.007,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Age of building, mean-centred; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Age in years",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": -0.007,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Age of building, mean-centred; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Age in years",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": -0.007,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Age of building, mean-centred; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Age squared",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "squared",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": 0.005,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Squared age term; scaling not stated (coefficient implausibly large for raw years^2); SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Age squared",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "squared",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": 0.005,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Squared age term; scaling not stated (coefficient implausibly large for raw years^2); SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Age squared",
   "taxonomy_id": "age",
   "x_transform": "squared",
   "x_unit": "years",
   "beta": 0.006,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Squared age term; scaling not stated (coefficient implausibly large for raw years^2); SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of rooms",
   "taxonomy_id": "bedrooms",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.053,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Number of rooms in the apartment (not bedrooms specifically)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of rooms",
   "taxonomy_id": "bedrooms",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.054,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Number of rooms in the apartment (not bedrooms specifically)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of rooms",
   "taxonomy_id": "bedrooms",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.052,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Number of rooms in the apartment (not bedrooms specifically)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of apartments",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": -0.0001,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Number of apartments in the building; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of apartments",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": -0.0001,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Number of apartments in the building; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of apartments",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": -0.0002,
   "se": 0.0,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Number of apartments in the building; SE printed as 0.000 (rounded)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Floor level",
   "taxonomy_id": "floor_level",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.006,
   "se": 0.001,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Position of the apartment in the building"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Floor level",
   "taxonomy_id": "floor_level",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.007,
   "se": 0.001,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Position of the apartment in the building"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Floor level",
   "taxonomy_id": "floor_level",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.009,
   "se": 0.001,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Position of the apartment in the building"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Condition",
   "taxonomy_id": "condition",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.063,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Condition of the building, scale 1 (worst) to 5 (best)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Condition",
   "taxonomy_id": "condition",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.063,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Condition of the building, scale 1 (worst) to 5 (best)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Condition",
   "taxonomy_id": "condition",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.065,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Condition of the building, scale 1 (worst) to 5 (best)"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Standard",
   "taxonomy_id": "luxury_finishes",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.018,
   "se": 0.004,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Standard (fit-out quality) of the apartment, scale 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Standard",
   "taxonomy_id": "luxury_finishes",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.019,
   "se": 0.004,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Standard (fit-out quality) of the apartment, scale 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Standard",
   "taxonomy_id": "luxury_finishes",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.024,
   "se": 0.004,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Standard (fit-out quality) of the apartment, scale 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Micro-location",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.007,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Composite site-quality rating within municipality (prestige, noise, view, public transport access), 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Micro-location",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.007,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Composite site-quality rating within municipality (prestige, noise, view, public transport access), 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Micro-location",
   "taxonomy_id": "other",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "1-5 scale",
   "beta": 0.009,
   "se": 0.003,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Composite site-quality rating within municipality (prestige, noise, view, public transport access), 1-5"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Mixed building",
   "taxonomy_id": "dwelling_type",
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.033,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Dummy for mixed commercial and residential building"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Mixed building",
   "taxonomy_id": "dwelling_type",
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.032,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Dummy for mixed commercial and residential building"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T5-c3",
   "var_name_printed": "Mixed building",
   "taxonomy_id": "dwelling_type",
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.038,
   "se": 0.005,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 17,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Dummy for mixed commercial and residential building"
  }
 ]
}