{
 "record_id": "28afe169f4e2851e590b8152147dbd5bb4ee90f0",
 "eligible": true,
 "exclusion_reason": null,
 "study": {
  "title": "Quality of Life in Chinese Cities",
  "year": 2021,
  "doi": "10.2139/ssrn.3764334",
  "country": "China",
  "region_city": "287 prefecture-level cities (national)",
  "sample_start": 2005,
  "sample_end": 2005,
  "property_type": "mixed",
  "price_type": "transaction",
  "data_source": "2005 1% Population Intercensus Survey (self-reported cost of purchasing housing unit; monthly rent) + China Urban Statistical Yearbook 2006, China Meteorological Data Service Center, Dalhousie PM2.5 grids",
  "document_type": "working_paper",
  "estimators": [
   "OLS"
  ],
  "spatial_method": "none (city-clustered SE; 432 housing-group fixed effects)",
  "time_fe": false,
  "location_fe": false,
  "se_type": "clustered",
  "n_obs_total": 421660,
  "ai_methods": [],
  "notes": "MPRA Paper 105266 / SSRN 3764334. Rosen-Roback quality-of-life study: housing price and rent hedonic models with city-level amenity variables; housing attribute coefficients are suppressed (not printed), only amenity coefficients extracted. Price is a self-reported purchase cost from the census (proxy for transaction price), winsorised at 1%. Wage hedonic model (column 3) not extracted (not a housing outcome). Location is only at city level (no within-city location)."
 },
 "models": [
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "table": "2",
   "column": "1",
   "page": 27,
   "dep_var": "ln(housing price) (self-reported cost of purchasing the housing unit, 2005 census)",
   "dep_transform": "log",
   "estimator": "OLS",
   "n_obs": 421660,
   "r2": 0.734,
   "se_or_t_in_parentheses": "se",
   "sample_subset": "owner-occupied purchased units (self-built excluded), 287 prefecture-level cities, winsorised 1%",
   "notes": "Housing attributes (rooms, floor area, building age, structure, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, tap water, cooking fuel, ownership type) and 432 housing-group fixed effects included but their coefficients are suppressed (Table A1 lists means only). SE clustered at city level. R2 excluding amenities = 0.702."
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "table": "2",
   "column": "2",
   "page": 27,
   "dep_var": "ln(housing rent) (monthly rental payment)",
   "dep_transform": "log",
   "estimator": "OLS",
   "n_obs": 227594,
   "r2": 0.542,
   "se_or_t_in_parentheses": "se",
   "sample_subset": "rental units, 287 prefecture-level cities",
   "notes": "Rent hedonic model used as robustness check; same suppressed housing attributes and group fixed effects; SE clustered at city level. R2 excluding amenities = 0.511."
  }
 ],
 "coefficients": [
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Temperature index",
   "taxonomy_id": "urban_heat",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "index",
   "beta": -0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city temperature (dis)comfort index (Zheng et al. 2009), higher = less comfortable; mapped to urban_heat as nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Temperature index",
   "taxonomy_id": "urban_heat",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "index",
   "beta": -0.005,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city temperature (dis)comfort index (Zheng et al. 2009), higher = less comfortable; mapped to urban_heat as nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Mean monthly precipitation",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "mm/month",
   "beta": 0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. climate amenity, no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Mean monthly precipitation",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "mm/month",
   "beta": 0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. climate amenity, no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Mean daily sunshine duration",
   "taxonomy_id": "sunlight",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "hours/day",
   "beta": 0.056,
   "se": 0.02,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city-level average daily sunshine hours (climate), mapped to sunlight. "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Mean daily sunshine duration",
   "taxonomy_id": "sunlight",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "hours/day",
   "beta": 0.078,
   "se": 0.02,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city-level average daily sunshine hours (climate), mapped to sunlight. "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Annual mean concentration of PM2.5",
   "taxonomy_id": "air_pollution",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "ug/m3",
   "beta": -0.0,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city annual mean PM2.5. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Annual mean concentration of PM2.5",
   "taxonomy_id": "air_pollution",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "ug/m3",
   "beta": -0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city annual mean PM2.5. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Green coverage ratio",
   "taxonomy_id": "green_space",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "share",
   "beta": 0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. greened land area / built land area of city, in %. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Green coverage ratio",
   "taxonomy_id": "green_space",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "share",
   "beta": 0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. greened land area / built land area of city, in %. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Coastal city",
   "taxonomy_id": "waterfront",
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.178,
   "se": 0.04,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city-level dummy (coastal city list, China Ocean Yearbook 2006), not property frontage. "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Coastal city",
   "taxonomy_id": "waterfront",
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.019,
   "se": 0.05,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city-level dummy (coastal city list, China Ocean Yearbook 2006), not property frontage. "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Population density",
   "taxonomy_id": "density",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "100 persons/km2",
   "beta": -0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city population density, 100 people per km2. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Population density",
   "taxonomy_id": "density",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "100 persons/km2",
   "beta": -0.003,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city population density, 100 people per km2. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Population size",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "10,000 persons",
   "beta": -0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city population size, treated by authors as control; no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Population size",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "10,000 persons",
   "beta": -0.0,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city population size, treated by authors as control; no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of theatres",
   "taxonomy_id": "neighbourhood_amenities",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count per 100,000 pop",
   "beta": 0.055,
   "se": 0.02,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. theatres per 100,000 population (city). "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of theatres",
   "taxonomy_id": "neighbourhood_amenities",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count per 100,000 pop",
   "beta": 0.108,
   "se": 0.03,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. theatres per 100,000 population (city). "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of hospital bed",
   "taxonomy_id": "hospital_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count per 10,000 pop",
   "beta": 0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. hospital beds per 10,000 population (availability, not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of hospital bed",
   "taxonomy_id": "hospital_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count per 10,000 pop",
   "beta": 0.003,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. hospital beds per 10,000 population (availability, not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Teacher-student ratio in high schools",
   "taxonomy_id": "school_quality",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "per mille",
   "beta": 0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city high-school teacher-student ratio (permille). SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Teacher-student ratio in high schools",
   "taxonomy_id": "school_quality",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "per mille",
   "beta": -0.003,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. city high-school teacher-student ratio (permille). SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of higher education institutions",
   "taxonomy_id": "university_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. count of colleges/universities in city (not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of higher education institutions",
   "taxonomy_id": "university_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.001,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. count of colleges/universities in city (not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Road area ratio",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "share",
   "beta": -0.003,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. total road area / urban area (%), intra-city transport; no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Road area ratio",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "share",
   "beta": 0.006,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. total road area / urban area (%), intra-city transport; no taxonomy leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of airline routes",
   "taxonomy_id": "airport_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.003,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. count of airline routes (inter-city accessibility, not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Number of airline routes",
   "taxonomy_id": "airport_distance",
   "x_transform": "level",
   "x_unit": "count",
   "beta": 0.002,
   "se": null,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "*",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. count of airline routes (inter-city accessibility, not distance); nearest leaf. SE printed as (0.00) (rounded to 2 decimals) - recorded as null because the printed value is not usable"
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c1",
   "var_name_printed": "Capital city",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.163,
   "se": 0.06,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "***",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. 1 if provincial capital, sub-provincial or centrally administered city; no taxonomy leaf. "
  },
  {
   "model_id": "T2-c2",
   "var_name_printed": "Capital city",
   "taxonomy_id": null,
   "x_transform": "binary",
   "x_unit": "binary",
   "beta": 0.107,
   "se": 0.06,
   "t": null,
   "p": null,
   "p_stars": "*",
   "ci_lo": null,
   "ci_hi": null,
   "page": 27,
   "confidence": "high",
   "notes": "Stars: * p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01; SE in parentheses clustered at city level. 1 if provincial capital, sub-provincial or centrally administered city; no taxonomy leaf. "
  }
 ]
}