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  "text": "Passage 1:\nMargaret Mortimer, Baroness Berkeley\nMargaret Mortimer, Baroness Berkeley (2 May 1304 – 5 May 1337) was the wife of Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley. She was the eldest daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, the de facto ruler of England from 1327 to 1330, and his wife Joan de Geneville, Baroness Geneville.\n\nFamily\nMargaret Mortimer was the eldest of the twelve children of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March and Joan de Geneville, Baroness Geneville. Her paternal grandparents were Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer and Margaret de Fiennes. Her maternal grandparents were Piers de Geneville, of Trim Castle and Ludlow, and Jeanne of Lusignan.\n\nMarriage and death\nHer father Roger proposed the marriage of his eldest daughter Margaret to Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley's son and heir Thomas. From Roger's point of view, the marriage was meant to secure an earlier alliance with an important lord of the Welsh Marshes. Margaret was duly married to Thomas de Berkeley in May 1319. He succeeded his father as 3rd Baron Berkeley in 1326. They had the following issue:\n\nMaurice de Berkeley (born 1320, date of death unknown), who succeeded his father as Baron de Berkeley.\nThomas de Berkeley, (born c. 1325, date of death unknown)\nRoger de Berkeley (born 1326, date of death unknown)\nAlphonsus de Berkeley (born 1327, date of death unknown)\nJoan de Berkeley (born 1330 – 1369), married Sir Reginald Cobham.\nJohn de Berkeley (born 1326)Their eldest son Maurice married Elizabeth le Despenser, despite the fact that it had been his grandfather Roger Mortimer that was namely responsible for the execution of Elizabeth's father Hugh le Despenser in 1326.\n\nLater life\nAfter her father's fall from power in 1322, Margaret was arrested. In 1324, she was sent to Sholdham Priory. Her marriage to Berkeley was confirmed, and her offspring declared legitimate by Pope John XXII in 1329.Margaret died on 5 May 1337. She was buried at St. Augustine's Abbey, Bristol, Gloucestershire. After her death, her husband married again to Catherine born Clivedon.\n\nAncestry\nPassage 2:\nWilliam Berkeley, 4th Baron Berkeley of Stratton\nWilliam Berkeley, 4th Baron Berkeley of Stratton PC, PC (I) (d. 24 March 1741), was a British politician and judge, of the Bruton branch of the Berkeley family. He was Master of the Rolls in Ireland between 1696 and 1731 and also held political office as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from 1710 to 1714 and as First Lord of Trade from 1714 to 1715.\n\nBackground\nBerkeley was the third son of John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, by Christiana, daughter of Sir Andrew Riccard. Charles, a naval captain who held the title for two years, and John, an admiral who held the title for 16 years, were his elder brothers. William lived a much longer life. He was born on an unknown date between John's 1663 birth and 23 March 1672 which would have made William a septuagenarian by the time of his death in 1741.\n\nPolitical and judicial career\nIn 1696 Berkeley was appointed Master of the Rolls in Ireland and sworn of the Irish Privy Council. The following year he succeeded his elder brother in the barony. In 1710 he was admitted to the English Privy Council and appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He was made First Lord of Trade in 1714, a post he held until 1715. He remained Master of the Rolls in Ireland during this period and continued in this post until 1731.\n\nFamily\nLord Berkeley of Stratton married Frances, daughter of Sir John Temple and Jane Yarner; her sister Jane having married his elder brother. Lord Berkeley and his wife had several children, including the Honourable Frances, who married William Byron, 4th Baron Byron, and was the mother of William Byron, 5th Baron Byron, and of Admiral John Byron. Lady Berkeley of Stratton died in July 1707. Lord Berkeley of Stratton remained a widower until his death at Bruton, Somerset, in March 1741. He was succeeded by his eldest son, John.\n\nNotes and references\nNotes\n\nReferences\nPassage 3:\nMargaret Beaufort, Countess of Stafford\nMargaret Beaufort (c. 1437 – 1474) was a daughter of Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset and Lady Eleanor Beauchamp.\nHer maternal grandparents were Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and his first wife Elizabeth Beauchamp, 4th Baroness Lisle. Elizabeth was daughter of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley and Margaret de Berkeley, 3rd Baroness Lisle, becoming the main heiress of her mother.\n\nMarriages\nMargaret's father led forces loyal to the House of Lancaster in the First Battle of St Albans (22 May 1455) against his main rival Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York. Henry Stafford followed his father-in-law into battle. Margaret's father was killed; her husband, Stafford, was wounded. Margaret could no longer count on the support of her father. She became a widow when her husband died of plague three years later.\n\nAncestry\nSources\nWeir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. London: Vintage Books, 2008. ISBN 0-09-953973-X.\nPassage 4:\nThomas Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley\nThomas Berkeley, de jure 5th Baron Berkeley, (1472 – 22 January 1532) was an English soldier and aristocrat.\nHe was born to Sir Maurice Berkeley, de jure 3rd Baron Berkeley, and Isabel Meade, in England. He was the younger brother to Maurice Berkeley, de jure 4th Baron Berkeley, and had a younger brother, James, and a younger sister, Anne.\nOn 9 September 1513, he fought in the Battle of Flodden and was knighted by the Earl of Surrey, Thomas Howard. He later became Constable of Berkeley Castle on 15 May 1514, and Sheriff of Gloucestershire, November 1522 – November 1523. By writ, he was succeeded to the title of de jure 5th Baron Berkeley on 12 September 1523 after his brother Maurice's death, and his eldest son Thomas followed as the de jure 6th Baron Berkeley, again by writ.\n\nMarriage and children\nHe firstly married in 1504/1505, to Alienor Constable (c. 1485 – 1540), daughter of Marmaduke Constable, eldest son of Sir Robert Constable (4 April 1423 – 23 May 1488)  of Flamborough, Yorkshire, and Agnes Wentworth (died 20 April 1496), daughter of Roger Wentworth of North Elmsall, Yorkshire and Margery le Despencer, by his second wife, Joyce Stafford, daughter of Sir Humphrey Stafford (c. 1400 – 7 June 1450) of Grafton, Worcestershire and Eleanor Aylesbury (born c. 1406), the daughter of Sir Thomas Aylesbury (died 9 September 1418) and his second wife, Katherine Pabenham (c.1372 – 17 June 1436). Alienor was the widow of John Ingleby of Ripley, Yorkshire. Thomas and Alienor had two sons and two daughters.\n\nThomas Berkeley, de jure 6th Baron Berkeley (1505 – 19 September 1534), married, firstly, Mary Hastings and had no issue. His second marriage was to Anne Savage (c. 1506 – died before 1546) in April 1533, which produced a son and a daughter. His son, Henry Berkeley, became the de facto 7th Baron Berkeley in 1553.\nMaurice Berkeley (c. 1507 – 1523)\nMuriel Berkeley (1518 – 1541), was married to Robert Throckmorton of Coughton Court, Warwickshire (1513 – 1581), in 1527, and had one son and four daughters.\nJoan Berkeley (d. 31 March 1563) who firstly married Nicholas Poyntz on 24 Jun 1527. Secondly, she married Thomas Dyer sometime after 1556. Dyer's ill-treatment of Joan was a source of scandal, and is thought to have caused her death in 1564.His second wife was Cecily Arnold, daughter and co-heiress to Sir Arnold of Gloucestershire, widow of Richard Rowdon, Sheriff of Gloucestershire.\nPassage 5:\nJames Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley\nJames Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley (c. 1394 – 22 October 1463), also known as \"James the Just\", was an English peer.\nBerkeley was the son of Sir James de Berkeley and his wife Elizabeth (née Bluet). He was made heir to his uncle Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley. He was married four times. His third wife was Lady Isabel, daughter of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk; and his fourth wife was the Lady Joan Talbot, daughter of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury. Lord Berkeley was involved in a bitter feud with his cousin Elizabeth, daughter of the fifth Baron Berkeley and wife of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick. He was unable initially to claim Berkeley Castle, as it was taken in possession by the Earl and Countess of Warwick. In 1421, when the Warwicks finally gave up Berkeley Castle, James was summoned to Parliament by writ as Lord Berkeley. The feud did not end there as his third wife Isabel was captured by the Countess of Warwick's son-in-law the Earl of Shrewsbury, and held imprisoned until her death in 1452.\nLord Berkeley was succeeded by his son from his third marriage, William, who was created Marquess of Berkeley in 1489.\n\nMarriages and issue\nHe firstly married the daughter of John St. John on 9 April 1410, by contract, and had no issue.\nHis second marriage was to the daughter of Sir Humphrey Stafford of Hook Dorset in 1415. No issue came from this marriage.\nIn about 1424, he was wed to Lady Isabel de Mowbray (b. 1396 - d. 29 November 1452), in which James was her second husband and Henry Ferrers was her first. They had the following issue:\n\nElizabeth de Berkeley (b. 1425 - d. 1482)\nSir William de Berkeley, Earl of Nottingham (c. 1427 - 1492); William became the 2nd Baron Berkeley sometime after his father's death in 1463.\nJames de Berkeley, Esquire (b. 1429)\nAlice de Berkeley (b. 1432)\nSir Maurice de Berkeley VI, Lord Berkeley (c. 1435 - 1 September 1506), who was married to Isabel Meade, daughter of merchant Phillip Meade and his wife Isabel, in 1465 and had issue.\nThomas de Berkeley, Esquire (b. 1435 - d. 1484), who married Margaret Guy, and had issue.\nIsabel de Berkeley (b. 1438 - d. 1482)His fourth marriage to Joan Talbot was before 25 July 1457.\n\nNotes\nPassage 6:\nNorborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt\nNorborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt (c. 1717 – 15 October 1770), was a British courtier, member of parliament, and royal governor of the colony of Virginia from 1768 until his death in 1770.\n\nOrigins\nNorborne Berkeley was born about 1717, the only son of John Symes Berkeley of Stoke Gifford, Gloucestershire by his second wife Elizabeth Norborne, a daughter and co-heiress of Walter Norborne of Calne, Wiltshire and the widow of Edward Devereux, 8th Viscount Hereford. The Berkeleys of Stoke Gifford were descended from Maurice de Berkeley (d.1347), who died at the Siege of Calais, who had acquired the manor of Stoke Gifford in 1337, the second son of Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley, 7th feudal baron of Berkeley (1271–1326), Maurice the Magnanimous, of Berkeley Castle. His descendant Sir Thomas Berkeley (d.1361) of Uley, Gloucestershire married Katherine Botetourt (d.1388), a daughter and co-heiress of John Botetourt, 2nd Baron Botetourt. His son and heir was Sir Maurice Berkeley (1358-1400), of Uley and Stoke Gifford, MP for Gloucestershire in 1391.\n\nLife\nIn 1726, Berkeley was admitted to Westminster School. He succeeded his father to Stoke Park  in Stoke Gifford in 1736 and remodelled both the house (now known as the Dower House) and the gardens in the 1740s and 1750s with the help of the designer Thomas Wright of Durham.\nHe was appointed Colonel of the newly raised South Gloucestershire Militia and commanded it from 1758 to 1766.His political career began in 1741 when he was elected to the House of Commons as a knight of the shire for Gloucestershire, a seat he held until 1763. Considered a staunch Tory, Berkeley's fortunes were boosted considerably on the accession of George III in 1760, when he was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber and in 1762 (until 1766) Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire. In 1764, almost 400 years after the title went into abeyance through lack of direct heirs, he successfully claimed the title of Baron Botetourt as the lineal descendant of Maurice de Berkeley (d. 1361) and his wife Catherine de Botetourt. He thus took a seat in the House of Lords as the 4th Baron de Botetourt, and in 1767 was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber to George III and in 1768 Governor of Virginia.\nHe died in Williamsburg on 15 October 1770, after an illness lasting several weeks. Botetourt never married and left no legitimate heirs. Stoke Park passed to his sister Elizabeth, who continued his improvements.\n\nStatues\nA statue of Botetourt was placed in the Capitol in Williamsburg in 1773. The Capital of Colonial Virginia was located in Williamsburg from 1699 until 1780, but at the urging of Governor Thomas Jefferson was moved to Richmond for security reasons during the American Revolution. In 1801 the statue of Botetourt was acquired by the College of William and Mary and moved to the campus from the former Capitol building. Barring a brief period during the Civil War when it was moved to the Public Asylum for safety, it stood in the College Yard until 1958 when it was removed for protection from the elements, and then in 1966 was installed in the new Earl Gregg Swem Library, in the new Botetourt Gallery. In 1993, as the College celebrated its tercentenary, a new bronze statue of Botetourt by William and Mary alumnus Gordon Kray was installed in the College Yard in front of the Wren Building, in the place occupied for generations by the original.\n\nLegacy\nBotetourt County, Virginia, was named in Botetourt's honour. Historians also believe that Berkeley County, West Virginia, and the town of Berkeley Springs, both now in West Virginia, were also named in his honour, or possibly that of another popular colonial governor, Sir William Berkeley.Lord Botetourt High School in the unincorporated town of Daleville in Botetourt County, Virginia, is also named for him, as is the Botetourt Dorm Complex at The College of William and Mary. Two statues also adorn the campus of The College of William and Mary. Gloucester County, Virginia has an elementary school named for the governor.  Both Richmond, Virginia and Norfolk, Virginia have streets named in his honour.\nPassage 7:\nMaurice de Berkeley\nSir Maurice de Berkeley \"the Resolute\" (1218 – 4 April 1281), 5th (feudal) Baron de Berkeley, was an English soldier and rebel, residing at Berkeley Castle in the English county of Gloucestershire.\n\nLife\nMaurice was born in 1218 to Thomas de Berkeley and wife Joan de Somery. He married Isabel FitzRoy, daughter of Richard FitzRoy, Baron of Chilham (an illegitimate son of King John of England) and wife Rose de Douvres, sometime before 12 July 1247.\nBerkeley fought in the French Wars and was invested as a knight before 1242. He inherited the title of Baron de Berkeley in 1243 and, on 14 December 1243, he had livery of his father's lands. He fought in the war in North Wales and in 1264 he joined the Barons against King Henry III. Berkeley died on 4 April 1281 and was buried in St Augustine's Abbey in Bristol.\nHis son was Thomas de Berkeley.\nPassage 8:\nHenry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley\nHenry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley, KB (26 November 1534 – 26 November 1613) was an English peer and politician. He was Lord Lieutenant and Vice-Admiral of Gloucestershire. He was the grandfather of George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley.\n\nFamily\nHenry Berkeley, sometimes called 'Henry the Harmlesse or Posthumous Henry', was born on 26 November 1534, nine weeks and four days after his father's death. He was the son of Thomas Berkeley, 6th Baron Berkeley (c. 1505 – 19 September 1534), and his second wife, Anne Savage (died October 1564), the daughter of Sir John Savage of Frodsham, Cheshire. The 16th Baron had earlier been married to Mary Hastings, the daughter of George Hastings, 1st Earl of Huntingdon, by Anne Stafford (d. March 1533), daughter of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, but had no issue by her.\n\nCareer\nBerkeley was made a Knight of the Bath on 28 September 1553 at the coronation of Mary I. In the following year, Berkeley Castle and other estates were restored to him when the line of male heirs of Henry VII was extinguished. As Simon Adams points out, \"in 1487 William, Marquis Berkeley, had granted Berkeley Castle and its related manors to Henry VII and his heirs male. The crown's right having expired with Edward VI, they were restored to Henry, the 7th Lord Berkeley in December 1554.\" On 13 May 1555, he had livery of his lands, although still underage.Berkeley is said to have rebuilt Caludon Castle about 1580, which had fallen into disrepair after the banishment from England in 1398 of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by Richard II.He was Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire from 1603 until his death.Berkeley died 26 November 1613, leaving a will dated 20 December 1612. He was succeeded by his grandson, George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley. However, according to Andrew Warmington, the 8th Baron's inheritance was much diminished, as his grandfather had '\"recently ended the 192-year legal feud over the estates with the Lisle family and their heirs, including the crown\", and \"due to this and Henry's extraordinary profligacy, the once vast estate had been reduced to twenty-five manors covering about 11,000 acres, mainly in Gloucestershire, with a rental value of some £1200 per year\". Contemporaneous mention of this legal feud is made in Leicester's Commonwealth where the anonymous author, alluding to Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, writes:\n\nWhat shall I speak of others, whereof there would be no end? As of his dealing with Mr. Richard Lee for his manor of Hook Norton (if I fail not in the name); with Mr. Lodovick Greville, by seeking to bereave him of all his living at once if the drift had taken place; with George Whitney, in the behalf of Sir Henry Lee, for enforcing him to forgo the Controllership of Woodstock which he holdeth by patent from King Henry VII? With my Lord Berkeley, whom he enforced to yield up his lands to his brother Warwick which his ancestors had held quietly for almost two hundred years together?\nAs D.C. Peck explains:\n\nLitigation over the Berkeley lands had been going on for two centuries; at this time it was pursued by the Dudleys against Henry (d. 1613), seventh Lord Berkeley, Lord Harry Howard's brother-in-law, from whom they were able to recover several manors. In August 1574, Leicester persuaded the Queen to leave her itinerary and be his guest at Berkeley Castle in its lord's absence, as if it were his own.\n\nMarriages and issue\nBerkeley first married, in September 1554, at Kenninghall, Norfolk, Katherine Howard, third daughter of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and Frances de Vere, daughter of John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford, and Elizabeth Trussell:\n\nSir Thomas Berkeley(1575-1611) predeceased his father leaving a son, George.\nMary (b. 1557) married John Zouche of Codnor, Derbyshire\nFrances (1561-1595)married George Shirley of Staunton Harold, Leicestershire and was the mother of Sir Henry Shirley and the antiquary Thomas Shirley.Berkeley's first wife, Katherine, died of dropsy at Caludon on 7 April 1596, and was buried on 20 May near the Drapers Chapel at St Michael's, Coventry. Katherine was fond of field sports, and said to be 'so good an archer at butts with the longbow, as her side, by her, was never the weaker'. She was also fond of falconry, and 'kept commonly a cast or two of merlins, mewed in her own chamber, to the detriment of her gowns and kirtles'.Berkeley married for a second time, on 9 March 1598 at St Giles, Cripplegate, Jane Stanhope (c. 1547–1618), widow of Sir Roger Townshend (d. 1590), and daughter of Sir Michael Stanhope (d. 1552) of Shelford, Nottinghamshire, by his wife, Anne Rawson, daughter of Nicholas Rawson of Aveley, Essex. Berkeley's second wife, Jane, had two sons by her previous marriage, Sir John Townshend (1567/68–1603) and Sir Robert Townshend (b. 1580). She died at her house in the Barbican on 3 January 1618, leaving a will dated 20 July 1617 which was proved by her grandson, Sir Roger Townshend, 1st Baronet, on 10 March 1618.\n\nNotes\nPassage 9:\nMaurice de Berkeley, 4th Baron Berkeley\nMaurice de Berkeley, 4th Baron Berkeley (c. 1330 – 8 June 1368), The Valiant, feudal baron of Berkeley, of Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire, was an English peer. His epithet, and that of each previous and subsequent head of his family, was coined by John Smyth of Nibley (died 1641), steward of the Berkeley estates, the biographer of the family and author of \"Lives of the Berkeleys\".\nHe was born in Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire, the eldest son and heir of Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley by his wife Lady Margaret Mortimer.\nIn August 1338 Berkeley married Elizabeth le Despenser, daughter of Hugh Despenser the younger by his wife Eleanor de Clare. By Elizabeth he had seven children as follows:\n\nThomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley (1352/3-1417), eldest son and heir, who married Margaret de Lisle, Baroness Lisle\nSir James de Berkeley (born c. 1355 – 13 June 1405) married Elizabeth Bluet; one of their sons was James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley\nJohn de Berkeley (c. 1357 – 1381)\nMaurice de Berkeley (born c. 1358) married Jone Hereford\nCatherine de Berkeley (born c. 1360)\nAgnes de Berkeley (born c. 1363)\nElizabeth de Berkeley (born c. 1365)\n\nAncestry\nPassage 10:\nEleanor Beauchamp, Duchess of Somerset\nLady Eleanor Beauchamp, Baroness de Ros and Duchess of Somerset (September 1408 – 6 March 1467) was the second daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and Elizabeth de Berkeley, daughter of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley.\n\nFirst marriage\nOn 17 December 1423, Lady Eleanor was married to Thomas de Ros, 8th Baron de Ros. They were parents of the following surviving issue:\n\nMargaret de Ros (b. 1425 – d. 10 December 1488), married firstly (as his second wife) William de Botreaux, 3rd Baron Botreaux (d. 1462), secondly Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough.\nThomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros (b. 9 September 1427 – d. 17 May 1464)\nRichard Ros (b. 8 March 1429 – after 1492)\n\nSecond marriage\nEleanor married Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset sometime between 1431 and 1433 in an unlicensed marriage, although this was pardoned on 7 March 1438. He was the son of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset and Lady Margaret Holland. They had the following surviving issue:\n\nEleanor Beaufort, Countess of Ormonde (b. between 1431 and 1433 - d. August 16, 1501), married firstly James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormonde and secondly Sir Robert Spencer.\nJoan Beaufort (b. 1433 – d. 11 August 1518), married firstly Robert St Lawrence, 3rd Baron Howth  and secondly Sir Richard Fry.\nAnne Beaufort (b. 1435 – d. 17 September 1496), who married, Sir William Paston (b. 1436 – died before 7 September 1496), a younger son of William Paston (1378–1444), Justice of the Common Pleas.\nHenry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (b. 26 January 1436 – d. 15 May 1464)\nMargaret Beaufort, Countess of Stafford (b. 1437 – d. 1474), married firstly Humphrey, Earl of Stafford and secondly Sir Richard Darell.\nEdmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset (b. 1439 – d. 4 May 1471)\nJohn Beaufort, Earl of Dorset (b. 1441 – 4 May 1471)\nThomas Beaufort (b. 1442 – d. 1517)\nElizabeth Beaufort (b. 1443 - died before 1475), married Sir Henry FitzLewis.\nMary Beaufort (b. between 1431 and 1455)\n\nThird marriage\nShe married thirdly to Walter Rokesley. There was no known issue from this marriage.\n\nDeath\nShe died on 6 March 1467 at the age of 58 at Baynard's Castle, London, England.\n\nAncestry",
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      "question": "Who is Maurice De Berkeley, 4Th Baron Berkeley's maternal grandfather?"
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