% ============================================================================
% UQO Working Paper No. 33 — TITAN-MoE
% ============================================================================
\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[letterpaper,top=1in,bottom=1in,left=1in,right=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{setspace}
\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsthm}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{threeparttable}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{input-symbols = {()}, table-format = -1.3, parse-numbers = false}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage[colorlinks=true,linkcolor=NavyBlue,citecolor=NavyBlue,urlcolor=NavyBlue,breaklinks=true,
  pdftitle={TITAN-MoE: Topology-Aware and Predictive Expert Orchestration for Distributed Mixture-of-Experts Inference on Apple Silicon},
  pdfauthor={Simon-Pierre Boucher}]{hyperref}
\usepackage[authoryear,round,semicolon]{natbib}
\bibliographystyle{aer}
\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf,labelsep=period,justification=justified,singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhf{}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\section}{\large\bfseries}{\thesection.}{0.5em}{}
\titleformat{\subsection}{\normalsize\bfseries}{\thesubsection.}{0.5em}{}
\titleformat{\subsubsection}{\normalsize\itshape}{\thesubsubsection.}{0.5em}{}
\usepackage[toc,page]{appendix}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\setlist{nosep,leftmargin=*}
\usepackage{algorithm}
\usepackage{algpseudocode}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning,shapes.geometric,fit,calc}
\usepackage{array}
\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{R}[1]{>{\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\graphicspath{{figures/}}

% --- theorem environments (shared counter, numbered by section) ---
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}
\newtheorem{assumption}[theorem]{Assumption}
\theoremstyle{remark}
\newtheorem{remark}[theorem]{Remark}
\newtheorem{observation}[theorem]{Observation}

% --- macros ---
\newcommand{\E}{\mathcal{E}}
\newcommand{\Lset}{\mathcal{L}}
\newcommand{\Nset}{\mathcal{N}}
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\Ex}{\mathbb{E}}
\newcommand{\ind}{\mathbb{1}}
\newcommand{\tps}{tok/s}
\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\titan}{TITAN-MoE}
\newcommand{\gatherqmm}{\code{gather\_qmm}}

% ============================================================================
% METADATA
% ============================================================================
\newcommand{\WPnumber}{33}
\newcommand{\WPtitle}{TITAN-MoE: Topology-Aware and Predictive Expert Orchestration for Distributed Mixture-of-Experts Inference on Apple Silicon}
\newcommand{\WPsubtitle}{A Measured Systems Study on a Heterogeneous Mac Cluster}
\newcommand{\WPdate}{November 2026}
\newcommand{\WPversion}{0.1}
\input{sections/abstract}
\newcommand{\WPkeywords}{mixture of experts, inference systems, Apple Silicon, expert offloading, predictive prefetching, distributed inference, energy efficiency}
\newcommand{\WPjel}{C63, C88, L86, O33}
\newcommand{\WPauthor}{Simon-Pierre Boucher}
\newcommand{\WPaffiliation}{Département des sciences administratives\\Université du Québec en Outaouais}
\newcommand{\WPemail}{simon-pierre.boucher@uqo.ca}
\newcommand{\WPaddress}{Gatineau -- Pavillon Alexandre-Taché\\283, boulevard Alexandre-Taché\\Gatineau, Québec, Canada J9A 1L8}

\begin{document}
\input{sections/titlepage}
\input{sections/introduction}
\input{sections/background}
\input{sections/related}
\input{sections/formulation}
\input{sections/architecture}
\input{sections/algorithms}
\input{sections/implementation}
\input{sections/setup}
\input{sections/results}
\input{sections/ablations}
\input{sections/robustness}
\input{sections/limitations}
\input{sections/conclusion}
\newpage
\bibliography{references}
\input{sections/appendix}
\end{document}