% references_part02.bib — WP44 Part II (Agent L). Every entry verified 2026-11-03 (see references_verification_part02.csv). @misc{priem2022openalex, title = {{OpenAlex:} {A} fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and concepts}, author = {Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar and Richard Orr}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2205.01833}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01833}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{kinney2023s2, title = {The {Semantic} {Scholar} {Open} {Data} {Platform}}, author = {Rodney Kinney and Chloe Anastasiades and Russell Authur and Iz Beltagy and Jonathan Bragg and Alexandra Buraczynski and Isabel Cachola and Stefan Candra and Yoganand Chandrasekhar and Arman Cohan and others}, year = {2023}, eprint = {2301.10140}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.10140}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{culbert2024openalex, title = {Reference {Coverage} {Analysis} of {OpenAlex} compared to {Web} of {Science} and {Scopus}}, author = {Jack Culbert and Anne Hobert and Najko Jahn and Nick Haupka and Marion Schmidt and Paul Donner and Philipp Mayr}, year = {2024}, eprint = {2401.16359}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.16359}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{sutskever2014seq2seq, title = {Sequence to {Sequence} {Learning} with {Neural} {Networks}}, author = {Ilya Sutskever and Oriol Vinyals and Quoc V. Le}, year = {2014}, eprint = {1409.3215}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.3215}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{bahdanau2014attention, title = {Neural {Machine} {Translation} by {Jointly} {Learning} to {Align} and {Translate}}, author = {Dzmitry Bahdanau and Kyunghyun Cho and Yoshua Bengio}, year = {2014}, eprint = {1409.0473}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{goodfellow2014gan, title = {Generative {Adversarial} {Networks}}, author = {Ian J. Goodfellow and Jean Pouget-Abadie and Mehdi Mirza and Bing Xu and David Warde-Farley and Sherjil Ozair and Aaron Courville and Yoshua Bengio}, year = {2014}, eprint = {1406.2661}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.2661}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{mikolov2013word2vec, title = {Efficient {Estimation} of {Word} {Representations} in {Vector} {Space}}, author = {Tomas Mikolov and Kai Chen and Greg Corrado and Jeffrey Dean}, year = {2013}, eprint = {1301.3781}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.3781}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{kingma2013vae, title = {{Auto-Encoding} {Variational} {Bayes}}, author = {Diederik P Kingma and Max Welling}, year = {2013}, eprint = {1312.6114}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6114}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{sevilla2022compute, title = {Compute {Trends} {Across} {Three} {Eras} of {Machine} {Learning}}, author = {Jaime Sevilla and Lennart Heim and Anson Ho and Tamay Besiroglu and Marius Hobbhahn and Pablo Villalobos}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2202.05924}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.05924}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{thompson2020limits, title = {The {Computational} {Limits} of {Deep} {Learning}}, author = {Neil C. Thompson and Kristjan Greenewald and Keeheon Lee and Gabriel F. Manso}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2007.05558}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.05558}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{ahmed2020dedemocratization, title = {The {De-democratization} of {AI:} {Deep} {Learning} and the {Compute} {Divide} in {Artificial} {Intelligence} {Research}}, author = {Nur Ahmed and Muntasir Wahed}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2010.15581}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.15581}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{abadi2016tensorflow, title = {{TensorFlow:} {A} system for large-scale machine learning}, author = {Martín Abadi and Paul Barham and Jianmin Chen and Zhifeng Chen and Andy Davis and Jeffrey Dean and Matthieu Devin and Sanjay Ghemawat and Geoffrey Irving and Michael Isard and others}, year = {2016}, eprint = {1605.08695}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.08695}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{paszke2019pytorch, title = {{PyTorch:} {An} {Imperative} {Style,} {High-Performance} {Deep} {Learning} {Library}}, author = {Adam Paszke and Sam Gross and Francisco Massa and Adam Lerer and James Bradbury and Gregory Chanan and Trevor Killeen and Zeming Lin and Natalia Gimelshein and Luca Antiga and others}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1912.01703}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.01703}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{vaswani2017attention, title = {Attention {Is} {All} {You} {Need}}, author = {Ashish Vaswani and Noam Shazeer and Niki Parmar and Jakob Uszkoreit and Llion Jones and Aidan N. Gomez and Lukasz Kaiser and Illia Polosukhin}, year = {2017}, eprint = {1706.03762}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.03762}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{brown2020gpt3, title = {Language {Models} are {Few-Shot} {Learners}}, author = {Tom B. Brown and Benjamin Mann and Nick Ryder and Melanie Subbiah and Jared Kaplan and Prafulla Dhariwal and Arvind Neelakantan and Pranav Shyam and Girish Sastry and Amanda Askell and others}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2005.14165}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14165}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{raffel2019t5, title = {Exploring the {Limits} of {Transfer} {Learning} with a {Unified} {Text-to-Text} {Transformer}}, author = {Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1910.10683}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.10683}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{kaplan2020scaling, title = {Scaling {Laws} for {Neural} {Language} {Models}}, author = {Jared Kaplan and Sam McCandlish and Tom Henighan and Tom B. Brown and Benjamin Chess and Rewon Child and Scott Gray and Alec Radford and Jeffrey Wu and Dario Amodei}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2001.08361}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.08361}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{hoffmann2022chinchilla, title = {Training {Compute-Optimal} {Large} {Language} {Models}}, author = {Jordan Hoffmann and Sebastian Borgeaud and Arthur Mensch and Elena Buchatskaya and Trevor Cai and Eliza Rutherford and Diego de Las Casas and Lisa Anne Hendricks and Johannes Welbl and Aidan Clark and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2203.15556}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.15556}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{chowdhery2022palm, title = {{PaLM:} {Scaling} {Language} {Modeling} with {Pathways}}, author = {Aakanksha Chowdhery and Sharan Narang and Jacob Devlin and Maarten Bosma and Gaurav Mishra and Adam Roberts and Paul Barham and Hyung Won Chung and Charles Sutton and Sebastian Gehrmann and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2204.02311}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.02311}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{fedus2021switch, title = {Switch {Transformers:} {Scaling} to {Trillion} {Parameter} {Models} with {Simple} and {Efficient} {Sparsity}}, author = {William Fedus and Barret Zoph and Noam Shazeer}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2101.03961}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.03961}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{dosovitskiy2020vit, title = {An {Image} is {Worth} 16x16 {Words:} {Transformers} for {Image} {Recognition} at {Scale}}, author = {Alexey Dosovitskiy and Lucas Beyer and Alexander Kolesnikov and Dirk Weissenborn and Xiaohua Zhai and Thomas Unterthiner and Mostafa Dehghani and Matthias Minderer and Georg Heigold and Sylvain Gelly and Jakob Uszkoreit and Neil Houlsby}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2010.11929}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.11929}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{radford2021clip, title = {Learning {Transferable} {Visual} {Models} {From} {Natural} {Language} {Supervision}}, author = {Alec Radford and Jong Wook Kim and Chris Hallacy and Aditya Ramesh and Gabriel Goh and Sandhini Agarwal and Girish Sastry and Amanda Askell and Pamela Mishkin and Jack Clark and Gretchen Krueger and Ilya Sutskever}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2103.00020}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.00020}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{ramesh2021dalle, title = {{Zero-Shot} {Text-to-Image} {Generation}}, author = {Aditya Ramesh and Mikhail Pavlov and Gabriel Goh and Scott Gray and Chelsea Voss and Alec Radford and Mark Chen and Ilya Sutskever}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2102.12092}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.12092}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{ho2020ddpm, title = {Denoising {Diffusion} {Probabilistic} {Models}}, author = {Jonathan Ho and Ajay Jain and Pieter Abbeel}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2006.11239}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.11239}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{sohl2015diffusion, title = {Deep {Unsupervised} {Learning} using {Nonequilibrium} {Thermodynamics}}, author = {Jascha Sohl-Dickstein and Eric A. Weiss and Niru Maheswaranathan and Surya Ganguli}, year = {2015}, eprint = {1503.03585}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1503.03585}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{song2020score, title = {{Score-Based} {Generative} {Modeling} through {Stochastic} {Differential} {Equations}}, author = {Yang Song and Jascha Sohl-Dickstein and Diederik P. Kingma and Abhishek Kumar and Stefano Ermon and Ben Poole}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2011.13456}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.13456}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{dhariwal2021beats, title = {Diffusion {Models} {Beat} {GANs} on {Image} {Synthesis}}, author = {Prafulla Dhariwal and Alex Nichol}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2105.05233}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.05233}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{bommasani2021foundation, title = {On the {Opportunities} and {Risks} of {Foundation} {Models}}, author = {Rishi Bommasani and Drew A. Hudson and Ehsan Adeli and Russ Altman and Simran Arora and Sydney von Arx and Michael S. Bernstein and Jeannette Bohg and Antoine Bosselut and Emma Brunskill and others}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2108.07258}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.07258}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{wei2022cot, title = {{Chain-of-Thought} {Prompting} {Elicits} {Reasoning} in {Large} {Language} {Models}}, author = {Jason Wei and Xuezhi Wang and Dale Schuurmans and Maarten Bosma and Brian Ichter and Fei Xia and Ed Chi and Quoc Le and Denny Zhou}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2201.11903}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.11903}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{wei2022emergent, title = {Emergent {Abilities} of {Large} {Language} {Models}}, author = {Jason Wei and Yi Tay and Rishi Bommasani and Colin Raffel and Barret Zoph and Sebastian Borgeaud and Dani Yogatama and Maarten Bosma and Denny Zhou and Donald Metzler and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2206.07682}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.07682}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{chen2021codex, title = {Evaluating {Large} {Language} {Models} {Trained} on {Code}}, author = {Mark Chen and Jerry Tworek and Heewoo Jun and Qiming Yuan and Henrique Ponde de Oliveira Pinto and Jared Kaplan and Harri Edwards and Yuri Burda and Nicholas Joseph and Greg Brockman and others}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2107.03374}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.03374}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{ouyang2022instructgpt, title = {Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback}, author = {Long Ouyang and Jeff Wu and Xu Jiang and Diogo Almeida and Carroll L. Wainwright and Pamela Mishkin and Chong Zhang and Sandhini Agarwal and Katarina Slama and Alex Ray and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2203.02155}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.02155}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{christiano2017rlhf, title = {Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences}, author = {Paul Christiano and Jan Leike and Tom B. Brown and Miljan Martic and Shane Legg and Dario Amodei}, year = {2017}, eprint = {1706.03741}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.03741}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{stiennon2020summarize, title = {Learning to summarize from human feedback}, author = {Nisan Stiennon and Long Ouyang and Jeff Wu and Daniel M. Ziegler and Ryan Lowe and Chelsea Voss and Alec Radford and Dario Amodei and Paul Christiano}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2009.01325}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.01325}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{bai2022hh, title = {Training a {Helpful} and {Harmless} {Assistant} with {Reinforcement} {Learning} from {Human} {Feedback}}, author = {Yuntao Bai and Andy Jones and Kamal Ndousse and Amanda Askell and Anna Chen and Nova DasSarma and Dawn Drain and Stanislav Fort and Deep Ganguli and Tom Henighan and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2204.05862}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.05862}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{lewis2020rag, title = {{Retrieval-Augmented} {Generation} for {Knowledge-Intensive} {NLP} {Tasks}}, author = {Patrick Lewis and Ethan Perez and Aleksandra Piktus and Fabio Petroni and Vladimir Karpukhin and Naman Goyal and Heinrich Küttler and Mike Lewis and Wen-tau Yih and Tim Rocktäschel and Sebastian Riedel and Douwe Kiela}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2005.11401}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.11401}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{hendrycks2020mmlu, title = {Measuring {Massive} {Multitask} {Language} {Understanding}}, author = {Dan Hendrycks and Collin Burns and Steven Basart and Andy Zou and Mantas Mazeika and Dawn Song and Jacob Steinhardt}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2009.03300}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.03300}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{wang2019superglue, title = {{SuperGLUE:} {A} {Stickier} {Benchmark} for {General-Purpose} {Language} {Understanding} {Systems}}, author = {Alex Wang and Yada Pruksachatkun and Nikita Nangia and Amanpreet Singh and Julian Michael and Felix Hill and Omer Levy and Samuel R. Bowman}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1905.00537}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.00537}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{srivastava2022bigbench, title = {Beyond the {Imitation} {Game:} {Quantifying} and extrapolating the capabilities of language models}, author = {Aarohi Srivastava and Abhinav Rastogi and Abhishek Rao and Abu Awal Md Shoeb and Abubakar Abid and Adam Fisch and Adam R. Brown and Adam Santoro and Aditya Gupta and Adrià Garriga-Alonso and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2206.04615}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.04615}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{patterson2021carbon, title = {Carbon {Emissions} and {Large} {Neural} {Network} {Training}}, author = {David Patterson and Joseph Gonzalez and Quoc Le and Chen Liang and Lluis-Miquel Munguia and Daniel Rothchild and David So and Maud Texier and Jeff Dean}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2104.10350}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.10350}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{shoeybi2019megatron, title = {{Megatron-LM:} {Training} {Multi-Billion} {Parameter} {Language} {Models} {Using} {Model} {Parallelism}}, author = {Mohammad Shoeybi and Mostofa Patwary and Raul Puri and Patrick LeGresley and Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1909.08053}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.08053}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{rajbhandari2019zero, title = {{ZeRO:} {Memory} {Optimizations} {Toward} {Training} {Trillion} {Parameter} {Models}}, author = {Samyam Rajbhandari and Jeff Rasley and Olatunji Ruwase and Yuxiong He}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1910.02054}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.02054}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{dao2022flashattention, title = {{FlashAttention:} {Fast} and {Memory-Efficient} {Exact} {Attention} with {IO-Awareness}}, author = {Tri Dao and Daniel Y. Fu and Stefano Ermon and Atri Rudra and Christopher Ré}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2205.14135}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.14135}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{rae2021gopher, title = {Scaling {Language} {Models:} {Methods,} {Analysis} \& {Insights} from {Training} {Gopher}}, author = {Jack W. Rae and Sebastian Borgeaud and Trevor Cai and Katie Millican and Jordan Hoffmann and Francis Song and John Aslanides and Sarah Henderson and Roman Ring and Susannah Young and others}, year = {2021}, eprint = {2112.11446}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.11446}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{bigscience2022bloom, title = {{BLOOM:} {A} {176B-Parameter} {Open-Access} {Multilingual} {Language} {Model}}, author = {{BigScience Workshop}}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2211.05100}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.05100}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{zhang2022opt, title = {{OPT:} {Open} {Pre-trained} {Transformer} {Language} {Models}}, author = {Susan Zhang and Stephen Roller and Naman Goyal and Mikel Artetxe and Moya Chen and Shuohui Chen and Christopher Dewan and Mona Diab and Xian Li and Xi Victoria Lin and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2205.01068}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01068}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{liu2019roberta, title = {{RoBERTa:} {A} {Robustly} {Optimized} {BERT} {Pretraining} {Approach}}, author = {Yinhan Liu and Myle Ott and Naman Goyal and Jingfei Du and Mandar Joshi and Danqi Chen and Omer Levy and Mike Lewis and Luke Zettlemoyer and Veselin Stoyanov}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1907.11692}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{chen2020simclr, title = {{A} {Simple} {Framework} for {Contrastive} {Learning} of {Visual} {Representations}}, author = {Ting Chen and Simon Kornblith and Mohammad Norouzi and Geoffrey Hinton}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2002.05709}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.05709}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{baevski2020wav2vec, title = {wav2vec 2.0: {A} {Framework} for {Self-Supervised} {Learning} of {Speech} {Representations}}, author = {Alexei Baevski and Henry Zhou and Abdelrahman Mohamed and Michael Auli}, year = {2020}, eprint = {2006.11477}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.11477}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{alayrac2022flamingo, title = {Flamingo: a {Visual} {Language} {Model} for {Few-Shot} {Learning}}, author = {Jean-Baptiste Alayrac and Jeff Donahue and Pauline Luc and Antoine Miech and Iain Barr and Yana Hasson and Karel Lenc and Arthur Mensch and Katie Millican and Malcolm Reynolds and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2204.14198}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.14198}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{reed2022gato, title = {{A} {Generalist} {Agent}}, author = {Scott Reed and Konrad Zolna and Emilio Parisotto and Sergio Gomez Colmenarejo and Alexander Novikov and Gabriel Barth-Maron and Mai Gimenez and Yury Sulsky and Jackie Kay and Jost Tobias Springenberg and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2205.06175}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.06175}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{saharia2022imagen, title = {Photorealistic {Text-to-Image} {Diffusion} {Models} with {Deep} {Language} {Understanding}}, author = {Chitwan Saharia and William Chan and Saurabh Saxena and Lala Li and Jay Whang and Emily Denton and Seyed Kamyar Seyed Ghasemipour and Burcu Karagol Ayan and S. Sara Mahdavi and Rapha Gontijo Lopes and others}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2205.11487}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.11487}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{ramesh2022dalle2, title = {Hierarchical {Text-Conditional} {Image} {Generation} with {CLIP} {Latents}}, author = {Aditya Ramesh and Prafulla Dhariwal and Alex Nichol and Casey Chu and Mark Chen}, year = {2022}, eprint = {2204.06125}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.06125}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{jonas2019serverless, title = {Cloud {Programming} {Simplified:} {A} {Berkeley} {View} on {Serverless} {Computing}}, author = {Eric Jonas and Johann Schleier-Smith and Vikram Sreekanti and Chia-Che Tsai and Anurag Khandelwal and Qifan Pu and Vaishaal Shankar and Joao Carreira and Karl Krauth and Neeraja Yadwadkar and others}, year = {2019}, eprint = {1902.03383}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.03383}, note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03} } @misc{hellerstein2018serverless, title = {Serverless {Computing:} {One} {Step} {Forward,} {Two} {Steps} {Back}}, author = {Joseph M. Hellerstein and Jose Faleiro and Joseph E. 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