1[2 {"id":"C1","text":"The analysis year is 2023; 197 countries/economies are analysed and 20 are excluded for missing GDP per capita.","results_keys":["analysis_year","n_analysed","n_excluded_missing"],"status":"supported","caveat":"Missingness is concentrated in territories and conflict/sanctioned economies."},3 {"id":"C2","text":"Life expectancy rises by about 5.27 years per log-point of GDP per capita (OLS slope), with a 95% HC3 CI of [4.85, 5.68] that excludes zero; conclusion positive_effect.","results_keys":["effect_estimate","effect_se","effect_ci_low","effect_ci_high","conclusion"],"status":"supported","caveat":"Associational only; SE treats countries as a sample from a superpopulation."},4 {"id":"C3","text":"The relationship is strong: Pearson r = 0.861, R^2 = 0.742.","results_keys":["pearson_r","r_squared"],"status":"supported","caveat":"Linear-in-log specification; curvature not tested."},5 {"id":"C4","text":"Log income roughly halves prediction error relative to the mean-only baseline (RMSE 3.59 vs 7.08 years).","results_keys":["model_metric","baseline_metric"],"status":"supported","caveat":"In-sample fit, not out-of-sample prediction."},6 {"id":"C5","text":"Inference is insensitive to the heteroskedasticity correction (classical SE 0.222 vs HC3 0.211).","results_keys":["effect_se","effect_se_classical"],"status":"supported","caveat":"Other robustness (outliers, weighting, other years) not evaluated."}7]8