1{2 "document_id": "lb_2wikimqa_ee29eb2556135405fa19a48b0abdff0aceddef7594169c33",3 "family": "public_2wikimqa",4 "split": "test",5 "text": "Passage 1:\nPower Le Poer Trench\nPower Le Poer Trench (1770–1839) was an Anglican clergyman who served in the Church of Ireland as firstly Bishop of Waterford and Lismore, then Bishop of Elphin and finally Archbishop of Tuam.\n\nLife\nHe was the second surviving son of William Trench, 1st Earl of Clancarty, among his nine brothers and nine sisters was his elder brother Richard Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty, and Lady Emily La Touche was a younger sister. Born in Sackville Street, Dublin, on 10 June 1770, he was first educated at a preparatory school at Putney, whence he went for a short time to Harrow, and afterwards at the academy of Mr. Ralph at Castlebar, in the immediate neighbourhood of his home. Trench matriculated at Trinity College, Dublin, on 2 July 1787, where his tutor was Matthew Young, afterwards bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh, and graduated B.A. on 13 July 1791. Later in the same year (27 November) Trench was ordained deacon, and, having received priest's orders on 24 June 1792, he was in the same month inducted into the benefice of Creagh, in which his father's residence and the great fair town of Ballinasloe were situated. In the following year (5 November 1793) he was presented to the benefice of Rawdenstown, County Meath. He obtained a faculty to hold the two cures together, and combined with their clerical duties the business of agent on his father's Galway estate. Trench was a man of great bodily strength and a fine horseman, and he retained a fondness for field sports to the end of his days. During the Irish rebellion of 1798 he acted as a captain in the local yeomanry raised by his father to resist the French invading army under Humbert.\nIn 1802 Trench was appointed to the see of Waterford, in succession to Richard Marlay, and was consecrated on 21 November 1802. In 1810 he was translated to the bishopric of Elpin, and, on the death of Archbishop Beresford, was on 4 October 1819 advanced to the archepiscopal see of Tuam. In May 1834, on the death of James Verschoyle, the united sees of Killala and Achonry were, under the provisions of the Irish Church Temporalities Act, added to the charge of Trench. By the same act, the archdiocese of Tuam was reduced, on Trench's death, to an ordinary bishopric.\nIn the history of the Irish church Trench chiefly deserves to be remembered for his activity in promoting the remarkable evangelical movement in the west of Ireland which was known in Connaught as the Second Reformation, and which, chiefly through the agency of the Irish Society, made a vigorous effort to win converts to Protestantism. From 1818 to his death Trench was president of the Irish Society; and it is evidence of his large-heartedness that the religious controversies in which his leadership of this movement involved no wise impaired the remarkable personal popularity which he enjoyed among his Roman Catholic neighbours. Holding strong views as to the paramount importance of the 'open bible,' Trench was a strenuous opponent of the mixed system of national education founded by Mr. Stanley (Lord Derby), and was one of the founders of the Church Education Society. Trench was a man of strong and masterful character, and during the twenty years of his archiepiscopate was one of the foremost figures in the Ireland of his day.\nHe died on 26 March 1839. Trench married, on 29 January 1795, his cousin Anne, daughter of Walter Taylor of Castle Taylor, co. Galway. By her, he had two sons, William and Power, and six daughters. Elizabeth, his third daughter, married Captain Henry Gascoyne in 1830. Another daughter Anne married James O'Hara, MP for Galway in 1823.\nPassage 2:\nRichard Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty\nRichard Le Poer Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty, 1st Marquess of Heusden (19 May 1767 – 24 November 1837), styled The Honourable from 1797 to 1803 and then Viscount Dunlo to 1805, was an Anglo-Irish peer, a nobleman in the Dutch nobility, and a diplomat. He was an Irish, and later British, Member of Parliament and a supporter of Pitt. Additionally he was appointed Postmaster General of Ireland, and later, of the United Kingdom.\n\nBackground and education\nClancarty was the son of William Trench, 1st Earl of Clancarty and Anne, daughter of Charles Gardiner and his seat was Garbally Court in Ballinasloe, East County Galway where he was associated with the Great October Fair. His brother was Power Le Poer Trench (1770–1839), archbishop of Tuam. He was educated at Kimbolton School and St John's College, Cambridge.\n\nPolitical career\nTrench represented Newtown Limavady in the Irish House of Commons from 1796 to 1798. He sat further for County Galway from 1798 to a short time before the Act of Union, when he was replaced by \"Humanity Dick\" Martin.\nHe was credited with resolving various border disputes in Holland, Germany and Italy at the Congress of Vienna, 1814–1815, and in his role as Ambassador to the Netherlands. For his service as ambassador to The Hague, he was awarded the hereditary title of Marquess of Heusden in the peerage of The Netherlands on 8 July 1815 by William I of the Netherlands, following the defeat of Napoleon in Brabant, in that same province's southern reaches. Trench was elected one of the 28 representative peers of Ireland on 16 December 1808. His seat in the House of Lords became hereditary when he was created Baron Trench (4 August 1815) and Viscount Clancarty (created 8 December 1823), in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, his older peerages being Irish peerages. He was a Commissioner for the Affairs of India and Custos Rotulorum of County Galway.\nIn the same Royal Decree that awarded the Marquessate of Heusden, K.B. of 8 July 1815, numbers 13 and 14, and Arthur Wellesley was granted the Netherlands' Kingdom hereditary nobility-title Prince of Waterloo, following his recent exploits at Waterloo in modern-day Kingdom of Belgium.\n\nPostmaster General\nBetween 1807 and 1809 Trench was one of the joint Postmasters General of Ireland and he was appointed Postmaster General of the United Kingdom being one of the last joint holders of that office from 1814 to 1816.\n\nFamily\nOn 6 February 1796 he married Henrietta Margaret Staples, daughter of John Staples and Harriet Conolly. They had the following children:\n\nLady Lucy Le Poer Trench (d. 1839), married Robert Maxwell\nLady Louisa Augusta Anne Le Poer Trench (b. 23 December 1796, d. 7 February 1881), married Reverend William Le Poer Trench\nLady Harriet Margaret Le Poer Trench (b. 13 October 1799, d. 1885), married Thomas Kavanagh \"the MacMurrough\", a descendant of Art mac Art MacMurrough-Kavanagh\nLady Emily Florinda Le Poer Trench (b. 7 November 1800), married Giovanni Cossiria\nLady Frances Power Le Poer Trench (b. 22 January 1802, d. 28 December 1804)\nWilliam Thomas Le Poer Trench, 3rd Earl of Clancarty (b 21 September 1803, d. 26 April 1872), married Lady Sarah Juliana Butler, daughter of Somerset Richard Butler, 3rd Earl of Carrick\nHon. Richard John Le Poer Trench (b. 1805)\nCommander Hon. Frederick Robert Le Poer Trench (b. 23 July 1808, d. April 1867), married Catherine Maria Thompson\n\nAncestry\nPassage 3:\nPower Henry Le Poer Trench\nPower Henry Le Poer Trench (11 May 1841 – 30 April 1899) was a British diplomat.Trench was the son of William Thomas Le Poer Trench, 3rd Earl of Clancarty and Lady Sarah Juliana Butler.\n\nCareer\nTrench was Secretary of the British Embassy in Berlin between 1888 and 1893.In Mexico, he was the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary between 1893 and 1894.He was the British Minister in Tokyo in 1894-1895.\n\nSee also\nList of Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to Japan\nAnglo-Japanese relations\n\nNotes\nPassage 4:\nTheodred II (Bishop of Elmham)\nTheodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.\nThe date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.\nPassage 5:\nNicholas Trench, 9th Earl of Clancarty\nNicholas Le Poer Trench, 9th Earl of Clancarty, 8th Marquess of Heusden (born 1 May 1952), is an Anglo-Irish peer, as well as a nobleman in the Dutch nobility. Lord Clancarty serves as an elected Crossbench hereditary peer in the British House of Lords. His earldom is in the Peerage of Ireland. He was educated at Westminster School. He also studied at Ashford Grammar School, Plymouth Polytechnic, University of Colorado, Denver, USA, and Sheffield University.\n\nFamily\nLord Clancarty was born in Uxbridge, on 1 May 1952, the only son of Power Edward Ford Le Poer Trench, second son of the fifth Earl from his second marriage. He is married to the journalist Victoria Lambert and has one daughter with her.\n\nMembership of House of Lords\nIn 1995 he succeeded to the titles on the death of his childless uncle, Brinsley Le Poer Trench, 8th Earl of Clancarty. He took his seat in the House of Lords at this time as Viscount Clancarty, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, because titles in the Peerage of Ireland did not entitle their holders to sit even before the House of Lords Act 1999 removed the majority of the hereditary peers.\nUnder the terms of that Act, Clancarty lost his automatic right to a seat; he was unsuccessful in the election by the Crossbench hereditary peers of 28 of their number to continue to sit after the Act came into force, finishing 37th in a field of 79 candidates.He was an unsuccessful candidate in four by-elections caused by the deaths of sitting hereditary peers, being runner-up on two occasions. In 2010 he returned to the House after winning the by-election to replace the 4th Viscount Colville of Culross.Besides being a British and an Irish peer, he also belongs to the Dutch nobility as Marquess of Heusden. Besides H.M. King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, who is also Marquess of Veere and Vlissingen, Lord Clancarty is the only marquess in Dutch nobility.\n\nCareer\nClancarty is a self-employed artist, freelance writer, and translator.\nPassage 6:\nRobert Le Poer Trench\nRobert Le Poer Trench (c.1811 – 8 February 1895) was a judge and an Attorney-General of Victoria.Trench was the third son of Ven. Charles Le Poer Trench, D.D., of Ballinasloe, County Galway, Archdeacon of Ardagh, and grandson of the first Earl of Clancarty. He entered as a student of the Middle Temple in May 1839, and was called to the Bar in June 1842. Having emigrated to Victoria, he was clerk of petty sessions at Kilmore, Victoria and afterwards at Ballarat. In 1855 he was admitted to the Victorian Bar, and quickly obtained a large practice, especially in mining cases. Though he never entered parliament he was Attorney-General in the first Graham Berry Government from August to October 1875, and in Berry's second Administration, from May 1877 to March 1878, when he was appointed a Commissioner of Land Tax, and a County Court Judge in April 1880. Mr. Trench, who was appointed Q.C. in 1878, subsequently retired on a pension.\nPassage 7:\nWilliam Le Poer Trench\nColonel The Hon. William Le Poer Trench CVO, JP (17 June 1837 – 16 September 1920) was an Anglo-Irish politician and British army officer.\nHe was the third son of William Trench, 3rd Earl of Clancarty and Lady Sarah Juliana Butler.\nHe married Harriet Maria Georgina Martins, daughter of Sir William Martins, on 21 April 1864.\nHe fought in the Second Opium War between 1857 and 1858, commanding a ladder company at the capture of Guangzhou and Nankow, and was mentioned in despatches. He gained the rank of Colonel in the service of the Royal Engineers.\nBetween 1872 and 1874, he was Member of Parliament (MP) for County Galway, having unseated the elected MP, John Philip Nolan, on petition; the case was one of the most controversial Irish cases of its time and permanently damaged the reputation of the judge, William Keogh.\nHe held the office of Justice of the Peace for Westminster, London, Buckinghamshire, and Middlesex. He was made a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in 1912.He was scandalised by the marriage on 10 July 1889 of his 20-year-old son and heir, William LePoer-Trench, to a London showgirl, Isabel Maud Penrice Bilton, who used the stage name of Belle. As a result, he did all in his power to dissolve the marriage. When this was unsuccessful he stopped his son's allowance, and resorted to selling lands in order to diminish his heir's eventual income, but his daughter-in-law's income from the stage was too great for these expedients to have much impact.\nPassage 8:\nWilliam Le Poer Trench (Royal Navy officer)\nRear-Admiral The Hon. William Le Poer Trench (4 July 1771 – 14 August 1846) was born in Garbally, Galway, Ireland to William Power Keating Trench, 1st Earl of Clancarty and Anne Gardiner. He acted for a considerable period as the agent of the estates of his father's family in Ireland.He was made a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy in 1793; promoted to the rank of Commander in 1799; to that of Post Captain 1802; and to that of Rear Admiral in 1840.In 1819 he was appointed Secretary to the Board of Customs and Port Duties in Ireland.\n\nFamily\nHe was married twice, first on 8 March 1800 to Sarah Cuppage, daughter of John Loftus Cuppage. Sarah died in June 1834, and on 1 February 1837 William married a second time to Margaret Downing, daughter of Dawson Downing and Anne Boyd.\n\nSee also\nO'Byrne, William Richard (1849). \"Trench, William Le Poer\" . A Naval Biographical Dictionary . John Murray – via Wikisource.\nPassage 9:\nBrinsley Le Poer Trench, 8th Earl of Clancarty\nWilliam Francis Brinsley Le Poer Trench, 8th Earl of Clancarty, 7th Marquess of Heusden (18 September 1911 – 18 May 1995) was a prominent ufologist. He was an Irish peer, as well as a nobleman in the Dutch nobility.\n\nBiography\nHe was the fifth son of William Frederick Le Poer Trench, 5th Earl of Clancarty by Mary Gwatkin Ellis. He had four older half-brothers born to the 5th Earl's first wife, Isabel Maud Penrice Bilton, the actress known as Belle Bilton, who died of cancer in 1906. Brinsley was educated at the Pangbourne Nautical College.\nFrom 1956 to 1959 Clancarty edited the Flying Saucer Review and founded the International Unidentified Object Observer Corps. He also found employment selling advertising space for a gardening magazine housed opposite Waterloo station.\nIn 1967, he founded Contact International and served as its first president. He also served as vice-president of the British UFO Research Association (BUFORA). Clancarty was an honorary life member of the now defunct Ancient Astronauts Society which supported the ideas put forward by Erich von Däniken in his 1968 book Chariots of the Gods?.\nIn 1975 he succeeded to the earldom on the death of his half-brother, Grenville Sydney Rocheforte, 7th Earl of Clancarty, giving him a seat in the British Parliament. He used his new position to found a UFO Study Group at the House of Lords, introducing Flying Saucer Review to its library and pushing for the declassification of UFO data.\nFour years later he organised a celebrated debate in the House of Lords on UFOs which attracted many speeches on both sides of the question. In one debate, Lord Strabolgi, for the Government, declared that there was nothing to convince him that any alien spacecraft had ever visited the Earth.\n\nPrivate life\nClancarty first married, in 1940, Diana (1919–1999), daughter of Sir William Younger, Bt. This marriage was dissolved in 1947. He married secondly, in 1961, Mrs Wilma Belknap (née Vermilyea) (1915–1995) and that marriage was dissolved in 1969. His third marriage was in 1974, to Mrs Mildred Allewyn Spong (née Bensusan) (1895–1975). She died in 1975 but Clancarty remarried a fourth time, in 1976, to Mrs May Beasley (née Radonicich) (1904–2003).\nHe lived most of his life in South Kensington and died in Bexhill-on-Sea in 1995, leaving his extensive collection of papers to Contact International.\nHe was succeeded to the earldom by his nephew Nicholas Le Poer Trench (b. 1952).\n\nHollow Earth theory\nIn 1974, Trench published Secret of the Ages: UFOs from Inside the Earth, a book which theorised that the centre of the Earth was hollow, with entrances to its interior located at both the north and south polar areas. The interior, he suggested, consisted of large tunnel systems connecting a large cavern world. Trench also believed that the lost continent of Atlantis actually once existed and that these tunnels were probably constructed all over the world by the Atlanteans, for various purposes.\nTrench believed that there was no actual North Pole, but instead a large area with a warm sea dipping gradually into the interior of the Earth. He said that humans were 'living on the deck of a ship, unaware of the life going on under our feet'. One argument he put forward for this theory was that whilst the Earth is spherical, it is flattened at the poles. Additionally, he questioned how all icebergs could be composed of frozen fresh water, if no rivers were flowing from the inside of the Earth to the outside. He had also suggested that a large proportion of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) emanated from the Earth's interior. These objects were likely to have been created by a group of much more technically advanced beings, similar to humans, but a group that likely possessed extrasensory abilities, as well as the ability to manipulate psychic phenomena. Another argument for the Hollow Earth theory was that everything he suggested, nebulae, comets and planets, are hollow and these conditions would certainly prove favourable for a hollow Earth.\nWhilst Trench had in one of his earlier books disregarded the Hollow Earth theory, he admitted to at the time 'being educated along with millions of other people to believe that the Earth had a liquid molten core'.\n\nOther claims\nAccording to Trench in his book The Sky People, Adam and Eve, Noah and many of the other characters from the Bible originally lived on Mars. Trench believed that Adam and Eve were experimental creations of extraterrestrials. His claim was that the Biblical description of the Garden of Eden was inconsistent with what was on Earth and as Mars contained canals, that the Garden of Eden must have been located on Mars. He further claimed that the north polar ice cap melted on Mars, and this caused the descendants of Adam and Eve to move to Earth.Trench also claimed to know a former U.S. test pilot who said he was one of six persons present at a meeting between President Eisenhower and a group of aliens, which allegedly took place at Edwards Air Force Base on 4 April 1954. Clancarty reported that the test pilot told him \"Five different alien craft landed at the base. Three were saucer-shaped and two were cigar shaped... the aliens looked something like humans, but not exactly.\"He claimed that he could trace his descent from 63,000 BC, when beings from other planets had landed on Earth in spaceships.\n\nBibliography\nThe Sky People (1960)\nMen Among Mankind (1962)\nForgotten Heritage (1964)\nThe Flying Saucer Story (1966)\nOperation Earth (1969)\nThe Eternal Subject (1973)\nSecret of the Ages: UFO's from Inside the Earth (1974).\nReptiles from the Internal World (1979)\nChina in the Closet: A Romantic Mystery (1981)\nEgos and Sub-Egos (1983)\nUFOs: Just Shiny Birds? with Anna Robb (1984).\nPassage 10:\nWilliam Trench, 3rd Earl of Clancarty\nWilliam Thomas Le Poer Trench, 3rd Earl of Clancarty, 2nd Marquess of Heusden (21 September 1803 – 26 April 1872), styled Viscount Dunlo between 1805 and 1837, was an Irish peer, as well a nobleman in the Dutch nobility. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge.Trench was born in Castleton, County Kildare, Ireland the son of Richard Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty and Henrietta Margaret Staples. On 8 September 1832, he married Lady Sarah Juliana Butler. They had six children.\n\nRichard Somerset Le Poer Trench, 4th Earl of Clancarty (13 January 1834 – 29 May 1891) married Lady Adeliza Georgiana Hervey\nMajor Hon. Frederick Le Poer Trench (10 February 1835 – 17 December 1913) married (1) Harriet Mary Trench (2) Catherine Simpson\nColonel William Le Poer Trench (17 June 1837 – 16 September 1920) married Harriet Maria Georgina Martins\nLady Anne Le Poer Trench (1839 – 12 March 1924) married Frederic Sydney Charles Trench\nPower Henry Le Poer Trench (11 May 1841 – 30 April 1899)\nLady Sarah Emily Grace Le Poer Trench (6 December 1843 – 2 August 1875) married John Melville Hatchell.",6 "char_len": 20308,7 "document_hash": "0ee5a216724fa424eef739b5b8aea096d7df53c4ab97e398a6b2f6da2c15e287",8 "questions": [9 {10 "question_id": "q00",11 "qtype": "2wikimqa",12 "question": "When did William Le Poer Trench's father die?"13 }14 ]15}