spb/wp30_uqo

1{2  "document_id": "lb_2wikimqa_435fae9b23d8b22e85a57cfd8ceb8541dea5b0c551acc3a9",3  "family": "public_2wikimqa",4  "split": "test",5  "text": "Passage 1:\nNo Trees in the Street\nNo Trees in the Street is a 1959 British crime thriller directed by J. Lee Thompson and written by Ted Willis, from his 1948 stage play of the same name.The film is set in the slums of London. It depicts the life of impoverished teenager Tommy, who becomes a criminal in an attempt at social mobility. He starts with minor thefts and progresses to murder. A subplot involves the romantic involvements of Tommy's sister Hetty, first with a racketeer and then with a policeman.\nThe film is another example of British kitchen sink realism, but is mainly noted for its naturalistic depiction of slum life.\n\nPlot\nInitially, the film's story is told by Frank (Ronald Howard) a local plainclothes policeman in love with Hetty (Sylvia Syms), to a young tearaway Kenny (David Hemmings).\nIn the slums of London before World War II, Tommy (Melvyn Hayes) is an aimless teenager who tries to escape his squalid surroundings by entering a life of crime. He falls in with local racketeer Wilkie (Herbert Lom), who holds the rest of the slum citizens - including Tommy's own family - in a grip of fear.\nFor a brief period, Hetty (Tommy's older sister) becomes Wilkie's girlfriend until he humiliates her in front of the other slum citizens simply to show his power over them, after which she will have nothing to do with Wilkie despite him repeatedly asking her to come back to him.\nThe film chronicles Tommy's sordid progression from minor thefts to murder.At the end of the film, Hetty and Frank are seen to be married and living in a new council flat long after the slums have been demolished.\n\nCast\nSylvia Syms as Hetty\nHerbert Lom as Wilkie\nMelvyn Hayes as Tommy\nRonald Howard as Frank\nStanley Holloway as Kipper\nJoan Miller as Jess\nLiam Redmond as Bill\nDavid Hemmings as Kenny\nCarole Lesley as Lova\nLily Kann as Mrs Jacobson\nLloyd Lamble as Superintendent\nCampbell Singer as Inspector\nMarianne Stone as Mrs. Jokel\nRita Webb as Mrs. Brown\nLana Morris as Marje\n\nProduction\nTed Willis based his script on his 1948 play of the same name.Willis and J. Lee Thompson and Sylvia Syms had previously collaborated together on Woman in a Dressing Gown and Ice Cold in Alex.Filming began 10 March 1958. The film was revised after previews, with new scenes added at the opening, and at the end showing the detective married the sister.\n\nCritical reception\nTV Guide wrote \"NO TREES suffers from artificiality of plot and dialog. Characterizations are reduced to mere stereotypes...There are some notable exceptions within the drama, however. Syms is surprisingly moving, giving a sensitive performance despite the film's constraints. Holloway's characterization of a bookie's tout is comical and charming...The camerawork attempts a realistic documentary look, which manages to succeed in capturing the details of slum life that make the setting seem surprisingly naturalistic. The finer points of the film, however, are overshadowed by its faults.\"Time Out wrote \"released at a time when kitchen sink drama was all the rage, this is an unremarkable 'we had it tough' chronicle from another age.\"Variety wrote \"Ted Willis is a writer with a sympathetic eye for problems of the middle and lower classes...Syms gives a moving performance as the gentle girl who refuses to marry the cheap racketeer just to escape. Lom, as the opportunist who dominates the street, is sufficiently suave and unpleasant.\"\nPassage 2:\nTrue to the Navy\nTrue to the Navy is a 1930 romantic comedy film directed by Frank Tuttle for Paramount Pictures. The film stars Clara Bow as a counter girl at a San Diego drugstore with a predilection for sailors. Eventually she sets her sights on Bull's Eye McCoy (Fredric March), a stiff-necked gunner's mate.\n\nCast\nClara Bow as Ruby Nolan\nFredric March as \"Bull's-Eye\" McCoy\nHarry Green as Solomon Bimberg\nSam Hardy as Brady\nRex Bell as Eddie\nRay Cooke as Peewee\nEddie Fetherston as Michael\nEddie Dunn as Albert\nAdele Windsor as Maizie\nHarry Sweet as Artie\n\nCritical reception\nAllmovie wrote, \"the spectacle of distinguished actor Frederic March in sailor togs, chewing gum and dispensing sez-you dialogue, is worth the admission price in itself\" ; while The New York Times noted, \"it is a moderately deserting Summer-weather film, which succeeded in eliciting a good deal of laughter at its showing yesterday.\"\nPassage 3:\nAbhishek Saxena\nAbhishek Saxena is an Indian Bollywood and Punjabi film director who directed the movie Phullu. The Phullu movie was released in theaters on 16 June 2017, in which film Sharib Hashmi is the lead role. Apart from these, he has also directed Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi film. This film was screened in cinemas in 2014.\n\nLife and background\nAbhishek Saxena was born on 19 September 1988 in the capital of India, Delhi, whose father's name is Mukesh Kumar Saxena. Abhishek Saxena married Ambica Sharma Saxena on 18 December 2014. His mother's name is Gurpreet Kaur Saxena.\nSaxena started his career with a Punjabi film Patiala Dreamz, after which he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu, which has appeared in Indian cinemas on 16 June 2017.\n\nCareer\nAbhishek Saxena made his film debut in 2011 as an assistant director on Doordarshan with Ashok Gaikwad. He made his first directed film Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi movie.After this, he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu in 2017, which has been screened in cinemas on 16 June 2017. Saxena is now making his upcoming movie \"India Gate\".\nIn 2018 Abhishek Saxena has come up with topic of body-shaming in his upcoming movie Saroj ka Rishta.\n Where Sanah Kapoor will play the role of Saroj and actors Randeep Rai and Gaurav Pandey will play the two men in Saroj's life.Yeh Un Dinon ki Baat Hai lead Randeep Rai will make his Bollywood debut. Talking about the film, director Abhishek Saxena told Mumbai Mirror, \"As a fat person, I have noticed that body-shaming doesn’t happen only with those who are on the heavier side, but also with thin people. The idea germinated from there.\"\nCareer as an Assistant DirectorApart from this, he has played the role of assistant director in many films and serials in the beginning of his career, in which he has a television serial in 2011, Doordarshan, as well as in 2011, he also assisted in a serial of Star Plus.\nIn addition to these serials, he played the role of assistant director in the movie \"Girgit\" which was made in Telugu language.\n\nFilmography\nAs Director\nPassage 4:\nFrank Tuttle\nFrank Wright Tuttle (August 6, 1892 – January 6, 1963) was a Hollywood film director and writer who directed films from 1922 (The Cradle Buster) to 1959 (Island of Lost Women).\n\nBiography\nFrank Tuttle was educated at Yale University, where he edited campus humor magazine The Yale Record.After graduation, he worked in New York City in the advertising department of the Metropolitan Music Bureau. He later moved to Hollywood, where he became a film director for Paramount. His films are largely in the comedy and film noir genres.In 1947, his career ground to a temporary halt with the onset of the first of the House Un-American Activities Committee hearings on Communist infiltration of the movie industry. Tuttle had joined the American Communist Party in 1937 in reaction to Hitler's rise to power. Unable to find work in the United States, he moved to France, where he made Gunman in the Streets (1950) starring Simone Signoret and Dane Clark. In 1951, after a decade as a member of the Communist Party, Tuttle gave 36 names to the HUAC.\n\nDeath\nTuttle died in Hollywood, California, on January 6, 1963, aged 70. He was survived by his three daughters.\n\nSelected filmography\nThe Cradle Buster (1922)\nPuritan Passions (1923) starring Mary Astor\nSecond Fiddle (1923) starring Mary Astor\nYouthful Cheaters (1923)\nGrit (1924)\nDangerous Money (1924)\nThe Manicure Girl (1925)\nThe Lucky Devil (1925)\nLovers in Quarantine (1925) starring Bebe Daniels and the other Harrison Ford\nKid Boots (1926) starring Eddie Cantor and Clara Bow\nLove 'Em and Leave 'Em (1926) starring Evelyn Brent and Louise Brooks\nThe American Venus (1926) with Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.\nThe Untamed Lady (1926) starring Gloria Swanson\nBlind Alleys (1927) starring Evelyn Brent and Thomas Meighan\nTime to Love (1927)\nOne Woman to Another (1927)\nSomething Always Happens (1928)\nVarsity (1928) starring Charles \"Buddy\" Rogers and Mary Brian\nThe Canary Murder Case (additional sound footage; 1929) starring William Powell as Philo Vance\nThe Green Murder Case starring William Powell as Philo Vance\nSweetie (1929) starring Nancy Carroll\nParamount on Parade (1930), Paramount's all-star revue with a screenplay by Joseph L. Mankiewicz\nThe Benson Murder Case (1930) starring William Powell as Philo Vance\nTrue to the Navy (1930) starring Clara Bow and Fredric March\nIt Pays to Advertise (1931) starring Carole Lombard\nNo Limit (1931) starring Clara Bow and Thelma Todd\nThis Reckless Age starring Charles \"Buddy\" Rogers\nThe Big Broadcast (1932) starring Bing Crosby\nThis Is the Night (1932) with Cary Grant\nRoman Scandals (1933) starring Eddie Cantor\nSpringtime for Henry (1934) starring Otto Kruger and Nigel Bruce\nHere is My Heart (1934) starring Bing Crosby\nLadies Should Listen (1934) starring Cary Grant\nTwo for Tonight (1935) starring Bing Crosby\nThe Glass Key (1935), film adaptation of Dashiell Hammett's novel of the same name\nAll the King's Horses (1935) starring Carl Brisson\nCollege Holiday (1936) starring Jack Benny, George Burns and Gracie Allen\nWaikiki Wedding (1937) starring Bing Crosby\nDoctor Rhythm (1938) starring Bing Crosby\nParis Honeymoon (1939) starring Bing Crosby\nI Stole a Million (1939) starring George Raft and written by Nathanael West\nCharlie McCarthy, Detective (1939) starring Edgar Bergen\nLucky Jordan (1942) starring Sheldon Leonard and Alan Ladd\nThis Gun for Hire (1942) starring Veronica Lake and Alan Ladd\nStar Spangled Rhythm (contributing director; 1943) with sketches by George S. Kaufman\nThe Hour Before the Dawn (1944) starring Veronica Lake and based on the novel by W. Somerset Maugham\nDon Juan Quilligan (1945) starring Phil Silvers\nThe Great John L. (1945) starring Linda Darnell\nSuspense (1946) starring Barry Sullivan and Belita\nSwell Guy (1946) starring Sonny Tufts\nGunman in the Streets (1950) starring Simone Signoret\nThe Magic Face (1951) starring Luther Adler\nHell on Frisco Bay (1956) starring Alan Ladd and Edward G. Robinson\nA Cry in the Night (1956) starring Edmond O'Brien, Natalie Wood and Raymond Burr\nIsland of Lost Women (1959) starring Jeff Richards and produced by Alan Ladd\nPassage 5:\nTrue to Life\nTrue to Life may refer to:\n\nTrue to Life (Ray Charles album), 1977\nTrue to Life (film), a 1943 film directed by George Marshall\n\"True to Life\", a song by Roxy Music on the 1982 album Avalon\nTrue to Life (Lisette Melendez album), 1994\nPassage 6:\nSylvia Syms\nSylvia May Laura Syms  (6 January 1934 – 27 January 2023) was an English stage and screen actress. Her best-known film roles include My Teenage Daughter (1956), Woman in a Dressing Gown (1957), for which she was nominated for a BAFTA Award, Ice Cold in Alex (1958), No Trees in the Street (1959), Victim (1961), and The Tamarind Seed (1974).\nKnown as the \"Grand Dame of British Cinema\", Syms was a major player in films from the mid-1950s until mid-1960s, usually in stiff-upper-lip English pictures, as opposed to kitchen sink realism dramas, before becoming more of a supporting actress in both film and television roles. On television, she was known for her recurring role as dressmaker Olive Woodhouse on the BBC soap opera EastEnders. She was also a notable theatre player.Syms portrayed Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother in the 2006 biopic The Queen.\n\nEarly life and education\nSyms was born in Woolwich, London, England, in 1934, the daughter of Daisy (née Hale) and Edwin Syms, a trade unionist and civil servant. With the outbreak of World War II, Syms was evacuated to Kent and subsequently Monmouthshire. She grew up in Well Hall, Eltham.When Syms was 12, her mother committed suicide. At 16, she suffered a nervous breakdown and contemplated taking her own life until an intervention from her stepmother. Syms was educated at convent schools before deciding to become an actress and attending The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, graduating in 1954. She later served on RADA's council. \nSyms's career began in repertory theatre in Eastbourne and Bath. She made her West End debut in The Apple Cart with Noël Coward.\n\nFilm career\nSyms appeared in a TV play The Romantic Young Lady. This led to two offers, one to make a film for Herbert Wilcox, My Teenage Daughter, another to sign a long term contract with Associated British. She accepted both. In My Teenage Daughter (1956), Syms played Anna Neagle's troubled daughter. The film was successful at the British box office.For Associated British she made No Time for Tears then appeared in The Birthday Present. Syms had the third lead in Woman in a Dressing Gown for director J. Lee Thompson which was very popular. She then made the English Civil War film, The Moonraker and the war film Ice Cold in Alex, also directed by Thompson. In early 1958 she made a third film for Thompson, No Trees in the Street.  She announced she would make her first screen comedy The Light Blue. This became Bachelor of Hearts. In March 1959 she was voted Variety Club's Film Actress of 1958.In 1959, Syms appeared in the film Expresso Bongo as Maisie King, opposite Cliff Richard. She played opposite Dirk Bogarde in the 1961 film Victim, as the wife of a barrister who is a closet homosexual. The film is thought to have broadened the debate that led to the decriminalisation of homosexual acts in private in the United Kingdom.Syms made Ferry to Hong Kong, The World of Suzie Wong and Conspiracy of Hearts.\nSyms travelled to Ireland to play opposite Patrick McGoohan as the wife of a condemned man in The Quare Fellow. \nShe played Tony Hancock's wife in The Punch and Judy Man. The film also featured her nephew, Nick Webb. In 1963 she ended her contract with Associated British which by then guaranteed her £10,000 a year but which she felt was too restrictive. She appeared in East of Sudan. In 1965 she appeared on stage in Dual Marriageway.\n\nLater career\nOther comedies followed, such as The Big Job (1965) with Sid James and Bat Out of Hell (1967), but it was for drama that she won acclaim, including The Tamarind Seed (1974) with Julie Andrews and Omar Sharif, for which she was nominated for a British Film Academy award. \nSyms featured in the husband-and-wife TV comedy My Good Woman from 1972 to 1974 and on the weekly BBC programme Movie Quiz as one of two team captains.\nIn 1975, Syms headed the jury at the 25th Berlin International Film Festival.In 1989, Syms guest-starred in the Doctor Who story Ghost Light. Shortly after the end of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's term in office in 1990, Syms portrayed her in Thatcher: The Final Days (1991), a Granada television film for ITV, which dramatises the events surrounding Thatcher's removal from power, a role she recreated for the stage. From 2000 to 2003, she played Marion Riley in the ITV comedy-drama At Home with the Braithwaites. She also featured in the serial The Jury (2002) and in the same year contributed Sonnet 142 to the compilation album When Love Speaks.For Stephen Frears's biopic The Queen (2006), Syms was cast as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. She also appeared in The Poseidon Adventure (2005), an American TV film that was a loose remake of the 1972 feature film. Syms also took up producing and directing.\nIn 2009, Syms appeared in the film Is Anybody There? alongside Michael Caine and Anne-Marie Duff.\nIn 2009, she featured in the ITV drama series Collision. In 2010, she guest-starred as a patient in BBC One's drama series Casualty, having played a different character in an episode in 2007. Syms also appeared as another character in Casualty's sister series Holby City in 2003. From 2007 to 2010, she had a recurring role in BBC One's EastEnders, playing dressmaker Olive Woodhouse. In 2010, Syms took part in the BBC's The Young Ones, a series in which six celebrities in their seventies and eighties attempt to overcome some of the problems of ageing by harking back to the 1970s. From 2013 to 2019, Syms was the narrator of Talking Pictures, which aired on BBC Two.Syms had numerous theatre roles, including in productions of Much Ado About Nothing, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and Antony and Cleopatra.\n\nPersonal life and death\nFrom 9 June 1956 to 1989, Syms was married to Alan Edney, whom she had dated since she was a teenager. In 1961 they lost a baby daughter, Jessica. Later that year Syms and her husband adopted a son, Benjamin Mark. In October 1962 she gave birth to a daughter, Beatie Edney who is also an actress. Syms and her husband divorced in 1989 when she discovered he had a mistress for several years and that they shared a two year old daughter.She was the aunt of musicians Nick and Alex Webb.\nSyms was a longtime supporter of the Stars Foundation for Cerebral Palsy, serving on its board as an officer for 16 years until 2020, with singer Vera Lynn.In the last year of her life, Syms lived at Denville Hall, a retirement home for actors in London. She died there on 27 January 2023, three weeks after her 89th birthday.\n\nLegacy\nIn the words of Filmink magazine:\n\nI don’t think any actress in English speaking cinema of this era had such a variety of love interests as Sylvia Syms. It helped that she was beautiful, of course...  that she could act: it’s hard to think of a bad Sylvia Syms performance – sometimes she was miscast, but never bad. She always brought a level of intelligence to her roles along with a sense of fun. And she was highly adept playing “smouldering hot lava of emotion and sensuality under an outwardly straight-laced and sensible facade” that made her – and this is meant with nothing but the greatest respect to the recently departed – sexy as hell.\"\n\nFilmography\nSource:\n\nFilm\nTelevision\nTheatre\n1953 The Apple Cart - with Noël Coward\n1966 Peter Pan\n1984 The Vortex\n1985 Entertaining Mr Sloane - with Adam Ant\n1988 Better in My Dreams - director\n1991 Anthony and Cleopatra\n1991 The Price - director\n1992 The House of the Stairs\n1993 For Services Rendered\nPassage 7:\nG. Marthandan\nG. Marthandan is an Indian film director who works in Malayalam cinema. His debut film is Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus\n\nEarly life\nG. Marthandan was born to M. S. Gopalan Nair and P. Kamalamma at Changanassery in Kottayam district of Kerala. He did his schooling at NSS Boys School Changanassery and completed his bachelor's degree in Economics at NSS Hindu College, Changanassery.\n\nCareer\nAfter completing his bachelor's degree, Marthandan entered films as an associate director with the unreleased film Swarnachamaram directed by Rajeevnath in 1995. His next work was British Market, directed by Nissar in 1998. He worked as an associate director for 18 years.He made his directional debut with Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus in 2013, starring Mammooty in the lead role. His next movie was in 2015, Acha Dhin, with Mammooty and Mansi Sharma in the lead roles. Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus and Paavada were box office successes.\n\nFilmography\nAs director\nAs associate director\nAs actor\nTV serialKanyadanam (Malayalam TV series) - pilot episode\n\nAwards\nRamu Kariat Film Award - Paavada (2016)\nJCI Foundation Award - Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus (2013)\nPassage 8:\nBen Palmer\nBen Palmer (born 1976) is a British film and television director.\nHis television credits include the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta! (2002–2006), the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2009–2010) and the Sky Atlantic comedy-drama Breeders (2020). Palmer has also directed films such as the Inbetweeners spin-off, The Inbetweeners Movie (2011) and the romantic comedy Man Up (2015).\n\nBiography\nPalmer was born and raised in Penny Bridge, Barrow-in-Furness. He attended Chetwynde School.His first directing job was the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta!, which he co-developed with its main star, Leigh Francis. Palmer directed the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners in 2009 and 2010, respectively.\n\nFilmography\nBo' Selecta! (2002–06)\nComedy Lab (2004–2010)\nBo! in the USA (2006)\nThe Inbetweeners (2009–2010)\nThe Inbetweeners Movie (2011)\nComedy Showcase (2012)\nMilton Jones's House of Rooms (2012)\nThem from That Thing (2012)\nBad Sugar (2012)\nChickens (2013)\nLondon Irish (2013)\nMan Up (2015)\nSunTrap (2015)\nBBC Comedy Feeds (2016)\nNigel Farage Gets His Life Back (2016)\nBack (2017)\nComedy Playhouse (2017)\nUrban Myths (2017–19)\nClick & Collect (2018)\nSemi-Detached (2019)\nBreeders (2020)\nPassage 9:\nSA Navy\nSA Navy or S.A. Navy may refer to:\n\nRoyal Saudi Navy\nSouth African Navy\nPassage 10:\nJ. Lee Thompson\nJohn Lee Thompson (1 August 1914 – 30 August 2002) was a British film director, active in London and Hollywood, best known for award-winning films such as Woman in a Dressing Gown, Ice Cold in Alex and The Guns of Navarone along with cult classics like Cape Fear, Conquest of the Planet of the Apes and The White Buffalo.\n\nEarly life\nThompson was born in Bristol on 1 August 1914. His family had links to the theatre. Thompson studied at Dover College then went to work in the theatre, joining the Nottingham Repertory Company as an actor and stagehand. He later went to work for a repertory company in Croydon, Surrey.He wrote plays in his spare time, and had started when he was nine. One of them, Murder Happens? was performed at Croydon in 1934. His second staged play, Double Error, had a brief West End run at the Fortune Theatre in 1935. An article from this time about the play said he had written 40 plays already, including four in between his first two staged plays. A company worth £10,000 was formed to exploit Thompson's writings over the next seven years but this appears to have not had a long life.Thompson later said he had written a part for himself to perform, but when management asked him if he wanted to do so he said \"of course not,\" and \"the die was cast. Later I decided if I didn't have the guts to admit I wanted to play the role I should never act again and I never did.\"\n\nScreenwriter\nThe film rights to Double Error were purchased for £100. Thompson was hired to work in the scriptwriting department at British International Pictures at Elstree Studios. While there he made his one appearance as an actor in films, playing a small role in Midshipman Easy (1935).\nHis first credit was The Price of Folly (1937), based on his play. He also worked on the scripts for Glamorous Night (1937), and he worked as dialogue coach on Jamaica Inn (1939), directed by Alfred Hitchcock.\nHe wrote the scripts for The Middle Watch (1940), made at Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC) and East of Piccadilly (1941).\n\nWorld War II\nThompson served in World War II as a tailgunner and wireless operator in the RAF. In 1942 a revised version of Double Error, titled Murder Without Crime, opened at the Comedy Theatre in London. The play had a run on Broadway in 1943.\n\nPost War\nAfter the war Thompson returned to his work as scriptwriter under contract at Associated British on such films as No Place for Jennifer (1949) and For Them That Trespass (1949), the latter starring Richard Todd in his debut.\nThompson was dialogue director on The Hasty Heart (1949), which turned Todd into a star. He later said he gave up dialogue directing because he found the job \"impossible. My job was to take stars through their lines but I felt that I was also expected to be a spy for the front office. If a word was altered they wanted to know why. It was a way of keeping control.\"The same year his play The Human Touch, co written with Dudley Leslie, ran for more than a hundred performances at the Savoy Theatre in a production starring Alec Guinness.\n\nBritish film director\nEarly films\nHis first film as a director was Murder Without Crime (1950), made at ABPC, who put Thompson under contract.  Thompson was offered £500 for the screen rights to the play and £500 to direct. He said \"it was not so much that I wanted to direct movies it was to get the money so I could continue writing plays. But while directing it I got the feeling that I wanted to be a movie director.\"Thompson said \"the fact is I found directing to be much easier than writing and I enjoyed it much more than writing as well. So I became a film director.\"The film was about a man who thinks he has committed murder. Thompson also wrote the screenplay, based on his own play Double Error. In the words of Thompson's Screenonline profile \"this well structured film went largely unnoticed but contained many of the themes which were to characterise Lee Thompson's work: a good person's struggle with their conscience, an external force of evil, and an out-of-character moment of violence which has long-term consequences. Believing people can \"commit crimes without being criminals\", he sought to make his audiences condone or at least understand behaviour that they would normally condemn.\"Thompson's first film success was one he directed and co-wrote (with Anne Burnaby), The Yellow Balloon (1953), the story of a child who is blackmailed into helping a criminal after accidentally causing his friend's death.\nHe followed it with a comedy, For Better, For Worse (1954) starring Dirk Bogarde, which was even more popular though it is little remembered today.\n\nSocial Realist films\nThompson's fourth film as director The Weak and the Wicked (1954), portrays the lives of women in prison and is based on memoirs by Joan Henry, who became Thompson's second wife. Thompson wrote the script, again in collaboration with Anne Burnaby. It starred Glynis Johns and Diana Dors and was a hit at the box office. The success of the film greatly added to Thompson's prestige and he began to be regarded as one of the leading directors in the country.Thompson was loaned to Rank Films to direct a Jack Buchanan comedy, As Long as They're Happy (1955), co-starring Dors and An Alligator Named Daisy (1955), also starring Dors, along with Donald Sinden. He returned to ABPC and the theme of female prisoners in Yield to the Night (1956), an anti-capital punishment tale with Diana Dors as the condemned prisoner.\nThompson later said the \"pattern\" of his ABPC films was \"two pieces of tepid rubbish for one decent project - if I could persuade Robert Clark, who was head of production. He used to wring his hands when I insisted. 'Okay,' he'd finally say. 'Do it if you must. But it won't make money.' I admired him for that really. He did give you a bit of a chance.\"The Good Companions (1957) was lighter fare, based on a book by J. B. Priestley. According to one obituary Thompson \"made excellent use of the CinemaScope screen, assembled a fine supporting cast and, with zestful choreography... came up with one of the few successes in a genre for which the British cinema was not noted.\"Woman in a Dressing Gown (1957), with Yvonne Mitchell, Anthony Quayle and Sylvia Syms and written by Ted Willis, deals with the collapse of a 20-year marriage.\n\nAction director\nThompson had a big success with Ice Cold in Alex (1958), the story of a British Army unit trekking across North Africa in the Second World War. It featured John Mills, Sylvia Syms, Anthony Quayle and Harry Andrews. It won three BAFTA Awards, including Best British Film. He followed it with North West Frontier (1959), an adventure film set in British India starring Kenneth More and Lauren Bacall. It was one of the most popular films in Britain in 1959.No Trees in the Street (1959) was a thriller written by Willis. Also in that genre was Tiger Bay (1959), starring John Mills. It introduced cinema audiences to Mills' daughter Hayley and German actor Horst Buchholz.  Hayley Mills also earned a BAFTA for Most Promising Newcomer portraying a 12-year-old girl who refuses to betray a sailor accused of murder.\nThompson followed this with I Aim at the Stars (1960).\n\nHollywood career\nGuns of Navarone and Cape Fear\nThompson vaulted to international fame with The Guns of Navarone (1961) as a last-minute replacement for director Alexander Mackendrick. His take-charge attitude during its production earned him the nickname 'Mighty Mouse' from lead actor Gregory Peck. Co-star Anthony Quinn said Thompson:\n\nNever read a scene until he had to shoot it and approached each shot on a whim. And yet the cumulative effect was astonishing. Lee Thompson made a marvelous picture but how? Perhaps his inventiveness lay in defying convention, in rejecting the accepted methods of motion picture making and establishing his own. Perhaps it was in his very formlessness that he found the one form he could sustain, and nurture, the one form that could, in turn, sustain and nurture him. Perhaps he was just a lucky Englishman who pulled a good picture out of his ass.\nThe Guns of Navarone, a World War II epic filmed on location in Rhodes, Greece, was nominated for seven Academy Awards including Thompson for Best Director. In 1961 he said \"primarily I am in the business to entertain. This does not mean that I never want to try artistic movies again. But I do not think you can sell art on the big movie circuits. Art belongs in the art houses.\" Later he said \"I liked the character bits best\" about Navarone. \"Anyone can make an explosion.\"The success of Navarone won him entry into Hollywood, where he directed Cape Fear (1962), a psychological thriller with Gregory Peck, Robert Mitchum, Polly Bergen and Lori Martin; Peck and Mitchum co-producing the film. Based on a novel called The Executioners by John D. MacDonald, Cape Fear shows how a sex offender can manipulate the justice system and terrorise an entire family. Highly controversial for its time, the film was cut heavily in both the United States and the United Kingdom.\nHe worked on a project with Warren Beatty and Clifford Odets based on an idea of Beatty's. It was never made. Neither was The Short Cut which he discussed doing with Darryl F. Zanuck, or The Living Room from a novel by Graham Greene or Chips with Everything by Arnold Wesker.\n\nMirisch Brothers\nThompson directed Yul Brynner in the Cossack epic Taras Bulba (1962) for producer Harold Hecht. Thompson was going to follow it with Big Charlie starring Brynner but the movie was not made. In 1962 the Mirisch Brothers signed the director to a four-picture contract. The first film made under this contract was the Mayan Indian epic Kings of the Sun (1963), starring Brynner.\nIn September 1962 Thompson said he would make I Love Louisa with Elizabeth Taylor produced by Arthur Jacobs. (This film became What a Way to Go!(1964) with Shirley MacLaine.) He would put actors under personal contract like Talitha Pol.In September 1963 Thompson announced he had formed a company, Bowhall Productions, to make around four films a year in the $120,000-$160,000 budget range. Thompson said it was \"unlikely\" the films would \"make a profit\" but they were movies he \"deeply wanted to make\". They included Chips with Everything, Rose without a Thorn by Clifford Bax, and a film in Spain. Following Return from the Ashes he would also make a $7 million movie in Africa Thunder of Giants.Instead he did another with MacLaine, John Goldfarb, Please Come Home (1965). Back in England Thompson made Return from the Ashes (1965) for the Mirisch Brothers. In April 1965 Thompson announced he would make High Citadel based on a novel by Desmond Bagley for the Mirisch Brothers. These plans were postponed when Thompson received an offer to replace Michael Anderson, who had fallen ill before he was to start directing a thriller about cults with David Niven, Eye of the Devil (1967) (originally titled 13). High Citadel was never filmed. Another film announced but never filmed was The Case Against Colonel Sutton which he was going to do with producer Martin Poll. Neither was a proposed musical remake of The Private Lives of Henry VIII.After a war film, Before Winter Comes (1968) Thompson was reunited with the star, producer and writer of Navarone in the Western Mackenna's Gold (1969) but it did poorly at the box office. So too did the espionage tale The Chairman (1969) with Gregory Peck. He was meant to follow that with You?, about assassination from a script by Andrew Sinclair. It was never filmed. \"I freely admit I've done some pretty bad stuff,\" he said in 1968. \"It's entirely my own fault. The trouble was I accepted some dismal scripts.  I wasn't tough enough... Writing is the fundamental thing.\" Some have argued that Thompson's creative decline coincided with the end of his relationship with Henry.\n\nApes Movies\nBack in the UK he directed Country Dance, also known as Brotherly Love (1970). Thompson's handling of a smaller scale film impressed producer Arthur Jacobs, with whom Thompson had made What a Way to Go; Thompson was the first director attached to the Jacobs production The Planet of the Apes and Thompson says he turned down the first two sequels. He was available to make the fourth and fifth movies in the series, Conquest of the Planet of the Apes and Battle for the Planet of the Apes. Writer Paul Dehn said Thompson had a reputation as someone with a drinking problem but that he had overcome it by the time of the Apes films.\"They were cutting back on the budgets the whole time after the first one\", said Thompson later. \"It was a bad policy.\"\n\nLater career\nUS Television\nThompson began working more in US television, directing the television films A Great American Tragedy (1972), Huckleberry Finn (1974) starring Jeff East and Paul Winfield, The Reincarnation of Peter Proud (1974) and Widow (1976) as well as the pilot episode of The Blue Knight (1975).\nHe returned to playwriting with Getting Away with Murder (1976).\n\nCharles Bronson\nIn 1976, Thompson began a long collaboration with actor Charles Bronson on the Warner Bros. crime story St. Ives . John Crowther, who worked with both men, later said \"Thompson was the total antithesis of Charlie and they got along famously. They really worked well together.”In 1977, Bronson and Thompson teamed again on an unconventional western film called The White Buffalo.Thompson directed two films starring Anthony Quinn, The Greek Tycoon and The Passage. Reviewing the latter The Guardian called Thompson a director who \"should know better but often doesn't\". The Globe and Mail argued Thompson was \"possibly the worst experienced director working in the world today.\"Thompson directed the horror film, Happy Birthday to Me in 1980.\nIn 1981 Thompson and Bronson made the film Caboblanco, which opened on Los Angeles on 24 April. Also that year he directed an episode of the TV show Code Red, and which he followed with another Bronson movie, 10 to Midnight.Thompson worked with Bronson again on, The Evil That Men Do (1984), which was shot in Mexico.  Thompson was hired to replace original director Fielder Cook, who was fired shortly before filming began. Producer Pancho Okhenr said Thompson \"knew exactly what shots he needed to put together the film...  [Bronson] had a lot of respect for Lee. The whole crew appreciated when the director did not make them work over and over to get the same shot from different angles... He was just a terrific filmmaker.”Also released that year was The Ambassador, starring Robert Mitchum.\nOn 22 November 1985, King Solomon's Mines premiered. Thompson made this film as an Indiana Jones-style pastiche. It was shot in Zimbabwe and starred Richard Chamberlain. The film was reasonably successful at the box office.\nOn 18 April 1986, Murphy's Law, the Thompson and Bronson collaboration of that year, started its theatrical run. It is a neo-noir thriller film. Acting in the film are Kathleen Wilhoite, Carrie Snodgress, Robert F. Lyons, and Richard Romanus. Thompson tried another Indiana Jones-type tale with Firewalker, which premiered on 21 November. The film paired the actors Chuck Norris with Louis Gossett Jr. as its leads. The action adventure co-stars Will Sampson and Melody Anderson. Norris and Gossett play Max Donigan and Leo Porter, two soldiers of fortune, whose adventures rarely result in any notable gain. They are befriended by an inscrutable woman of mystery Patricia (Anderson). Patricia's map leads them on a quest for treasure in Central America. The name of the movie comes from the powerful guardian of the treasure.\nNow working exclusively for Cannon, Thompson made two more Charles Bronson thrillers. On 6 November 1987 Death Wish 4: The Crackdown was released and 16 September 1988 saw the opening of Messenger of Death. He later reflected, \"I realized these films were not going to enhance my reputation. I had to live with that. You're not going to be offered the great films at a certain age.\"3 February 1989, Thompson's final directorial effort was released Kinjite: Forbidden Subjects starring Charles Bronson.In 1990 Thompson moved to Sooke.In 1992 Thompson said he was trying to finance a remake of Tiger Bay with Anna Chumsky and Alec Baldwin. The director said \"I have certain regrets now. I would rather have stuck to making films like Yield to the Night which had some integrity and importance. But the British film industry caved in. I shouldn't denigrate myself too much because I have enjoyed making my films but I suppose I sort of sold out.\"\n\nPersonal life\nThompson was married three times. His first wife was Florence Bailey, whom he married in 1935 when he was 20. They had a son, Peter (1938–1997), who became a film editor on several of his father's films and predeceased him, and a daughter, Lesley, who survived him. They divorced in 1957.\nHis second wife was prisoner and author Joan Henry, whom he married in 1958. They collaborated on Weak and the Wicked and Yield to the Night. He left her for actress Susan Hampshire. In March 1962 Hedda Hopper reported that Thompson was \"sweating it out\" in Los Angeles while Henry and Hampshire were \"awaiting his decision in London.\" Thompson confirmed this in an interview, and Hampshire and Henry were less forthcoming to the press.In September, Hopper reported that it was over between Thompson and Hampshire. Henry and Thompson were divorced in the late 1960s.In November 1962, Thompson said he had proposed to Shirley Ann Field whom he said accepted then changed her mind.His third wife was Penny, who was his widow.\n\nDeath\nThompson died of congestive heart failure on 30 August 2002, at his holiday home in Sooke, British Columbia, aged 88.\n\nCritical appraisal\nThe Guardian obituary called him \"a compelling craftsman\". The Washington Post said \"he directed adventure films noted for their punchy pacing, rich atmosphere and nuanced characterization.\" Variety said he was \"Known as a craftsman who had a clear sense of how each film should play, scene by scene\".The Independent said \"he lent his acute sense of atmosphere and vivid visual style to a wide range of material. His intimate kitchen-sink melodramas... were unflinching portraits of social realism unusually stark for their time. His thrillers were tautly edited exercises in suspense, and he also made some engaging comedies and a bracing musical...Though his later films can most kindly be labelled potboilers, his body of work in the Fifties and early Sixties was an impressive one.\"In 2000 he stated that he made so many American films \"because of my insecurity and effort to stay here. If I was given a script and it had something good in it I'd say, 'Good, I've got my next picture!' That is not the way to make good films, so some of them were good and some not so good.... What an idiot! 'You should have stayed at what you really wanted to make.' If I have anything to say to young directors today it's don't make a film for the sake of making it. Make it only if you really believe in it. Then success will eventually come to you.\"\n\nAwards\nNominated, Best Director Academy Award, The Guns of Navarone (1961)\nNominated, Best Director Directors Guild of America, The Guns of Navarone (1961)\nNominated, Best Director Golden Globe, The Guns of Navarone (1961)\nWinner, Best Film Golden Globe, The Guns of Navarone (1961)\nNominated, Best Film BAFTA, Tiger Bay (1959)\nNominated, Best Film BAFTA, North West Frontier (1959)\nNominated, Golden Bear Berlin International Film Festival, Tiger Bay (1959)\nWinner, FIPRESCI Prize Berlin International Film Festival, Ice Cold in Alex (1958)\nNominated, Golden Bear Berlin International Film Festival, Ice Cold in Alex (1958)\nWinner, Special Mention Berlin International Film Festival, Woman in a Dressing Gown (1957)\nWinner, FIPRESCI Prize Berlin International Film Festival, Woman in a Dressing Gown (1957)\nNominated, Golden Bear Berlin International Film Festival, Woman in a Dressing Gown (1957)\nNominated, Palme d'Or Cannes Film Festival, Yield to the Night (1956)\n\nSelected filmography\nScreenwriter\nThe Price of Folly (1937)\nThe Middle Watch (1940)\nLast Holiday 1950 film: additional dialogue contributions to J B Priestley's Script.\n\nDirector\n1950s\nMurder Without Crime (1950)\nThe Yellow Balloon (1953)\nFor Better, for Worse (1954)\nThe Weak and the Wicked (1954)\nAs Long as They're Happy (1955)\nAn Alligator Named Daisy (1955)\nYield to the Night (1956)\nThe Good Companions (1957)\nWoman in a Dressing Gown (1957)\nIce Cold in Alex (1958)\nNorth West Frontier (1959)\nNo Trees in the Street (1959)\nTiger Bay (1959)\n\n1960s\nI Aim at the Stars (1960)\nThe Guns of Navarone (1961)\nCape Fear (1962)\nTaras Bulba (1962)\nKings of the Sun (1963)\nWhat a Way to Go! (1964)\nJohn Goldfarb, Please Come Home (1965)\nReturn from the Ashes (1965)\nEye of the Devil (1967)\nMackenna's Gold (1969)\nBefore Winter Comes (1969)\nThe Chairman (1969)\n\n1970s\nCountry Dance (1970)\nConquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972)\nA Great American Tragedy (1972) (TV)\nBattle for the Planet of the Apes (1973)\nHuckleberry Finn (1974)\nThe Reincarnation of Peter Proud (1975)\nWidow (1976) (TV)\nSt. Ives (1976)\nThe White Buffalo (1977)\nThe Greek Tycoon (1978)\nThe Passage (1979)\n\n1980s\nCaboblanco (1980)\nHappy Birthday to Me (1981)\n10 to Midnight (1983)\nThe Evil That Men Do (1984)\nThe Ambassador (1984)\nKing Solomon's Mines (1985)\nMurphy's Law (1986)\nFirewalker (1986)\nDeath Wish 4: The Crackdown (1987)\nMessenger of Death (1988)\nKinjite: Forbidden Subjects (1989)\n\nNotes and references\nExternal links\nJ. Lee Thompson at IMDb\nJ. Lee Thompson at the BFI's Screenonline",6  "char_len": 42439,7  "document_hash": "874abee3f6d391e56a8eff58e6989506b5e4a9a87120d3e98249e4e5caf50c3e",8  "questions": [9    {10      "question_id": "q00",11      "qtype": "2wikimqa",12      "question": "Which film has the director who died later, True To The Navy or No Trees In The Street?"13    }14  ]15}