1"""Area perception_interaction, part B: categories 12, 13, 35 (robotics, HCI, computer graphics)."""23CATEGORIES = [4dict(5 id="robotics", number=12, name="Robotics", area="perception_interaction",6 definition=("Machines that sense and act in the physical world: manipulation, locomotion, motion and path planning, "7 "SLAM and localisation, robot learning, human-robot interaction, autonomous vehicles and drones as robotic "8 "systems, soft and swarm robotics, teleoperation. RL algorithms are reinforcement_learning; robotic "9 "process automation and surgical-outcome studies are excluded."),10 topics=[("T10586", 1.0, "robotic path planning"), ("T10653", 1.0, "robot manipulation and learning"),11 ("T10191", 1.0, "robotics and sensor-based localization"), ("T10709", 1.0, "social robot interaction and HRI"),12 ("T10879", 1.0, "robotic locomotion and control"), ("T11615", 1.0, "control and dynamics of mobile robots"),13 ("T10571", 0.8, "robotic mechanisms and dynamics"), ("T10868", 0.8, "soft robotics"),14 ("T13382", 0.8, "robotics and automated systems"), ("T12784", 0.8, "modular robots and swarm intelligence"),15 ("T11687", 0.7, "teleoperation and haptic systems"), ("T11099", 0.7, "autonomous vehicle technology and safety"),16 ("T11023", 0.6, "prosthetics and rehabilitation robotics"), ("T11133", 0.6, "UAV applications"),17 ("T10462", 0.5, "reinforcement learning in robotics"), ("T10249", 0.5, "distributed control multi-agent (multi-robot)"),18 ("T14335", 0.5, "educational robotics"), ("T11486", 0.5, "micro and nano robotics"),19 ("T11325", 0.4, "inertial sensor and navigation"), ("T12158", 0.3, "guidance and control systems"),20 ("T10805", 0.2, "vehicle dynamics and control"), ("T11192", 0.3, "underwater vehicles"),21 ("T10525", 0.2, "human-automation interaction")],22 subfields=[],23 arxiv=[("cs.RO", 1.0), ("eess.SY", 0.2), ("cs.SY", 0.2)],24 streams=[("conf/icra", 1.0), ("conf/iros", 1.0), ("journals/ral", 1.0), ("conf/rss", 1.0), ("conf/corl", 1.0),25 ("journals/trob", 1.0), ("journals/ijrr", 1.0), ("journals/arobots", 1.0), ("journals/ras", 1.0),26 ("journals/jirs", 1.0), ("journals/robotica", 1.0), ("journals/jfr", 1.0), ("conf/humanoids", 1.0),27 ("conf/robio", 1.0), ("conf/hri", 1.0), ("journals/ijsr", 1.0), ("conf/ro-man", 1.0), ("conf/icira", 1.0),28 ("journals/firai", 1.0), ("journals/finr", 1.0), ("journals/robotics", 1.0), ("journals/ar", 1.0),29 ("journals/jrm", 1.0), ("conf/rcar", 1.0), ("conf/icarm", 1.0), ("conf/biorob", 1.0), ("conf/robosoft", 1.0),30 ("conf/aimech", 0.8), ("conf/sii", 0.8), ("conf/case", 0.6), ("conf/icarcv", 0.6), ("journals/rcim", 0.6),31 ("conf/icinco", 0.6), ("journals/tiv", 0.5), ("conf/ivs", 0.5), ("journals/tase", 0.5), ("conf/itsc", 0.3),32 ("journals/tits", 0.2), ("conf/cdc", 0.1), ("journals/tcst", 0.1), ("conf/amcc", 0.1)],33 keywords=[34 (r"(?i)\brobot(s|ic|ics|ically)?\b|\bcobots?\b", 1.0, "both"),35 (r"(?i)\b(manipulat(ion|ors?)|grasp(ing|s)?|dexterous|motion planning|path planning|trajectory (planning|optimi[sz]ation)|SLAM\b|simultaneous locali[sz]ation|visual servoing|legged|quadrupeds?|bipeds?|humanoids?|exoskeletons?|end-?effectors?|teleoperation|telerobot|kinematics|inverse dynamics|whole-?body control|locomotion)\b", 0.8, "both"),36 (r"(?i)\b(autonomous (driving|vehicles?|navigation|systems?|mobile|underwater|aerial|ground)|self-?driving|UAVs?|UGVs?|AUVs?|drones?|quadrotors?|quadcopters?|unmanned (aerial|ground|surface|underwater)|multi-?robot|swarm robot)\b", 0.7, "both"),37 (r"(?i)\b(human-?robot|embodied (AI|agents?|intelligence|learning)|sim-?to-?real|imitation learning|learning from demonstration|vision-?language-?action|VLA models?|robot(ic)? foundation models?|RT-?[12]\b|Open-?X Embodiment|diffusion polic(y|ies)|affordance|tactile sensing|force control|compliance control|soft (actuators?|grippers?))\b", 0.8, "both"),38 ],39 exclusions=[r"(?i)\brobotic process automation\b|\bRPA\b",40 r"(?is)^(?!.*(algorithm|control|planning|learning|sensor|kinematic|autonom|simulation|software|system design)).*\brobot(ic)?-?assisted (surgery|prostatectomy|hysterectomy|laparoscop\w+|thoracic|radical|gastrectomy|colectomy|nephrectomy|cystectomy)\b"],41 related=["reinforcement_learning", "computer_vision", "ai_agents", "hci", "edge_computing"],42 parent_of=[], child_of=[],43 provenance=("OpenAlex spreads robotics over CS 1707 (path planning), Engineering 2202/2204/2207 (manipulation, locomotion, "44 "mobile robots) and Psychology 3207 (HRI); all reviewed. 'robot' is unambiguous enough to be a 1.0 keyword."),45),46dict(47 id="hci", number=13, name="Human-Computer Interaction", area="perception_interaction",48 definition=("Design, evaluation and understanding of interactive systems and their users: user studies and usability, "49 "interaction techniques, VR/AR/XR, accessibility and assistive technology, CSCW and social computing, "50 "human-AI interaction, ubiquitous and wearable computing, affective computing. Rendering is "51 "computer_graphics; physical robots are robotics."),52 topics=[("T10470", 1.0, "usability and user interface design"), ("T10648", 1.0, "virtual reality applications"),53 ("T10789", 1.0, "interactive and immersive displays"), ("T10803", 1.0, "innovative human-technology interaction"),54 ("T11707", 0.8, "gaze tracking and assistive technology"), ("T14074", 0.8, "persona design"),55 ("T10888", 0.8, "augmented reality applications"), ("T13874", 0.8, "information architecture and usability"),56 ("T11398", 0.7, "hand gesture recognition"), ("T10525", 0.7, "human-automation interaction and safety"),57 ("T10709", 0.5, "social robot interaction"), ("T11704", 0.5, "mobile crowdsensing and crowdsourcing"),58 ("T11687", 0.5, "teleoperation and haptics"), ("T10429", 0.5, "EEG and brain-computer interfaces"),59 ("T12128", 0.4, "AI in service interactions (chatbot UX)"), ("T13155", 0.4, "digital communication and language"),60 ("T10914", 0.3, "tactile and sensory interactions"), ("T11902", 0.3, "intelligent tutoring systems"),61 ("T10444", 0.3, "context-aware activity recognition (ubicomp)"), ("T12260", 0.2, "educational technology"),62 ("T11122", 0.2, "online learning and analytics"), ("T13807", 0.2, "cultural insights and digital impacts"),63 ("T12338", 0.2, "digital literacy"), ("T14114", 0.2, "digital media and philosophy")],64 subfields=[(1709, 0.6)],65 arxiv=[("cs.HC", 1.0), ("cs.CY", 0.2), ("cs.SI", 0.1)],66 streams=[("conf/chi", 1.0), ("conf/uist", 1.0), ("conf/cscw", 1.0), ("journals/pacmhci", 1.0), ("journals/tochi", 1.0),67 ("journals/ijmms", 1.0), ("journals/ijhci", 1.0), ("conf/iui", 1.0), ("conf/ACMdis", 1.0), ("conf/vr", 1.0),68 ("conf/ismar", 1.0), ("journals/vr", 1.0), ("conf/huc", 1.0), ("journals/imwut", 1.0), ("conf/assets", 1.0),69 ("conf/interact", 1.0), ("conf/mc", 1.0), ("conf/tei", 1.0), ("conf/acmidc", 1.0), ("conf/etra", 1.0),70 ("journals/behaviourIT", 1.0), ("journals/interactions", 1.0), ("conf/hci", 0.8), ("journals/chb", 0.6),71 ("conf/ahfe", 0.6), ("conf/icmi", 0.6), ("journals/taffco", 0.6), ("journals/displays", 0.5),72 ("journals/cbsn", 0.4), ("journals/nms", 0.3), ("conf/hri", 0.3), ("journals/ile", 0.3), ("journals/tvcg", 0.2),73 ("journals/ce", 0.2), ("journals/eait", 0.2), ("conf/um", 0.3), ("journals/entcom", 0.5), ("conf/cig", 0.3),74 ("journals/tele", 0.2), ("conf/icwsm", 0.3), ("journals/ijim", 0.3), ("journals/jaihc", 0.2), ("conf/percom", 0.3),75 ("conf/cscwd", 0.3)],76 keywords=[77 (r"(?i)\bhuman-?computer interaction\b|\bHCI\b|\bCSCW\b|\bcomputer-?supported cooperative\b|\buser-?centered design\b|\bhuman factors\b", 1.0, "both"),78 (r"(?i)\b(user (study|studies|experience|interfaces?|engagement|perception|acceptance|needs|research|testing|feedback)|usability (study|testing|evaluation)?|UX\b|UI (design|components)|participatory design|co-?design|design (fiction|probes?|implications|space|guidelines)|think-?aloud|Wizard[- ]of[- ]Oz|formative (study|evaluation)|within-?subjects?|between-?subjects?|Likert|System Usability Scale|SUS\b|NASA-?TLX)\b", 0.8, "both"),79 (r"(?i)\b(virtual|augmented|mixed|extended) reality\b|\bVR\b|\bXR\b|\bhead-?mounted\b|\bimmersive\b|\bmetaverse\b|\bHMDs?\b|\btelepresence\b|\bcybersickness\b|\bpresence (in|and) VR\b", 0.8, "both"),80 (r"(?i)\b(accessibilit(y|ies)|assistive technolog(y|ies)|eye[- ]tracking|gaze(-based)?|gestures?|gestural|haptics?|tangible|wearables?|smart ?watch|brain-?computer interfaces?|BCI\b|affective computing|emotion recognition for interaction|screen readers?|blind (users|people)|visually impaired|older adults|children'?s? (interaction|technology)|neurodivergent)\b", 0.7, "both"),81 (r"(?i)\b(human-?AI (interaction|collaboration|teaming|co-?creation)|human-?in-?the-?loop|human-?centered AI|explanation interfaces?|conversational (user )?interfaces?|voice (user )?interfaces?|chatbot (design|user)|interactive machine learning|mixed-?initiative|AI-?assisted (writing|design|creativity)|trust in (AI|automation|robots))\b", 0.8, "both"),82 (r"(?i)\b(interaction (design|techniques?|paradigms?|modalit)|interactive (systems?|visuali[sz]ation|prototypes?|installations?)|user interfaces?|GUIs?\b|touch(screen| input| interaction)|pen input|mid-?air|gaze input|input (devices?|techniques?)|text entry|target acquisition|Fitts)\b", 0.8, "both"),83 (r"(?i)\b(ubiquitous computing|pervasive computing|ubicomp|context-?aware(ness)?|smart (homes?|environments?)|ambient (intelligence|assisted)|activity recognition (from|using|with) (wearable|smartphone|sensors?)|mobile (interaction|HCI|users?)|notifications?|digital well-?being|persuasive technolog|serious games?|gamification|player experience|game (design|user research))\b", 0.7, "both"),84 (r"(?i)\b(social computing|social media (use|users|platforms?)|online communit(y|ies)|crowdsourcing|crowd ?workers?|Mechanical Turk|content creators?|misinformation (on|and) (social|platforms)|online harassment|moderation practices|collaborative (work|writing|tools)|remote (work|collaboration)|computer-?mediated communication)\b", 0.6, "both"),85 (r"(?i)\b(qualitative (study|analysis|interviews?)|interview study|semi-?structured interviews?|thematic analysis|grounded theory|focus groups?|diary study|ethnograph|participants (reported|described|were recruited)|N\s?=\s?\d+ participants)\b", 0.5, "both"),86 (r"(?i)\b(users?|participants?|interaction|interactive|interfaces?|design)\b", 0.2, "both"),87 ],88 exclusions=[],89 related=["computer_graphics", "robotics", "ai_safety", "multimodal_ai", "software_engineering", "information_retrieval"],90 parent_of=[], child_of=[],91 provenance=("All 8 topics of OpenAlex subfield 1709 mapped; supporting topics from Psychology (human-automation), "92 "Neuroscience (BCI) and education technology at low weight. CHI/UIST/CSCW/PACM HCI/TOCHI are near-pure venues."),93),94dict(95 id="computer_graphics", number=35, name="Computer Graphics", area="perception_interaction",96 definition=("Synthesis and manipulation of visual content from models: rendering, geometry processing and modelling, "97 "animation and simulation for graphics, neural rendering and 3D representations, visualisation, "98 "procedural content, game and VR engines. Image understanding is computer_vision; pixel-space generative "99 "models are generative_ai; user studies of VR are hci."),100 topics=[("T10481", 1.0, "computer graphics and visualization techniques"), ("T12290", 1.0, "human motion and animation"),101 ("T10996", 0.8, "computational geometry and mesh generation"), ("T10799", 0.8, "data visualization and analytics"),102 ("T10719", 0.8, "3D shape modeling and analysis"), ("T14339", 0.4, "image processing and 3D reconstruction"),103 ("T10789", 0.3, "interactive and immersive displays"), ("T10888", 0.3, "augmented reality"),104 ("T10648", 0.3, "virtual reality"), ("T13518", 0.3, "architecture and computational design"),105 ("T12698", 0.3, "3D modeling in geospatial applications"), ("T14254", 0.3, "digital media and visual art"),106 ("T11897", 0.2, "digital holography and microscopy"), ("T11211", 0.2, "3D surveying and cultural heritage"),107 ("T10775", 0.2, "image synthesis")],108 subfields=[(1704, 0.6)],109 arxiv=[("cs.GR", 1.0), ("cs.CG", 0.5), ("cs.CV", 0.1), ("cs.HC", 0.1)],110 streams=[("journals/tog", 1.0), ("journals/cgf", 1.0), ("conf/siggraph", 1.0), ("conf/siggrapha", 1.0),111 ("journals/cg", 1.0), ("journals/vc", 1.0), ("conf/pg", 1.0), ("conf/visualization", 1.0),112 ("journals/tvcg", 0.8), ("conf/3dim", 0.5), ("conf/cccg", 0.4), ("journals/dcg", 0.3), ("conf/vr", 0.3),113 ("conf/ismar", 0.3), ("journals/jei", 0.2), ("journals/vr", 0.2), ("conf/cvpr", 0.1), ("journals/mta", 0.1),114 ("journals/entcom", 0.3), ("conf/cig", 0.3), ("journals/cacie", 0.1)],115 keywords=[116 (r"(?i)\bcomputer graphics\b|\bgraphics (hardware|pipeline|processing|applications?)\b|\bSIGGRAPH\b", 1.0, "both"),117 (r"(?i)\b(rendering|ray[- ]tracing|path[- ]tracing|rasteri[sz]ation|shading|shaders?|global illumination|radiance|radiosity|BRDFs?|BSDFs?|photo-?realistic|real-?time rendering|differentiable rendering|neural rendering|inverse rendering|Monte Carlo rendering|light transport|participating media|subsurface scattering|anti-?aliasing|level of detail|LOD\b|texture (synthesis|mapping|compression)|image-?based (rendering|lighting)|HDR (imaging|rendering)|tone mapping|appearance (modeling|capture))\b", 0.9, "both"),118 (r"(?i)\b(mesh(es|ing)?|geometry processing|subdivision surfaces?|NURBS|B-?splines?|signed distance (fields?|functions?)|SDFs?\b|implicit surfaces?|tessellation|remeshing|surface (parameteri[sz]ation|reconstruction)|point[- ]set surfaces|geometric modeling|solid modeling|CAD (models?|modeling)|boundary representation|B-?rep|constructive solid|isosurface|marching cubes|Laplacian (smoothing|editing)|discrete differential geometry|as-?rigid-?as-?possible|shape (analysis|matching|correspondence|deformation|interpolation|modeling|grammars?))\b", 0.8, "both"),119 (r"(?i)\b(character animation|skeletal animation|motion capture|mocap|motion (synthesis|retargeting|editing|matching)|physics-?based (animation|character)|cloth simulation|hair simulation|fluid (simulation|animation) (for|in) graphics|position-?based dynamics|material point method|skinning|rigging|inverse kinematics for animation|facial animation|crowd simulation|procedural animation|keyframe)\b", 1.0, "both"),120 (r"(?i)\b(3D (modeling|modelling|shapes?|content|assets?|scenes? (generation|synthesis)|Gaussians?|avatars?)|NeRFs?|neural radiance fields?|Gaussian splatting|3DGS|volume rendering|volumetric (rendering|video|capture)|neural (implicit|fields?|scene representations?)|novel view synthesis|view synthesis|free-?viewpoint|light fields?|digital humans?|avatars?|virtual (humans|characters|try-?on))\b", 0.8, "both"),121 (r"(?i)\b(scientific|information|data|volume|flow|medical|immersive) visuali[sz]ation\b|\bvisual analytics\b|\bvisuali[sz]ation (techniques?|systems?|design|tools?|research|pipeline)\b|\bInfoVis\b|\bSciVis\b|\bvisual encodings?\b|\bglyphs?\b|\btreemaps?\b|\bparallel coordinates\b", 0.8, "both"),122 (r"(?i)\b(procedural (generation|modeling|content|textures?)|game engines?|Unity|Unreal Engine|GPU (shaders?|rendering|ray)|Vulkan|OpenGL|DirectX|WebGL|WebGPU|real-?time graphics|interactive graphics|graphics APIs?)\b", 0.7, "both"),123 (r"(?i)\b(computational geometry|Voronoi|Delaunay|convex hull|triangulations?|mesh generation|geometric (algorithms?|computing)|computational (design|fabrication)|3D printing (design|geometry)|digital fabrication|architectural geometry)\b", 0.6, "both"),124 (r"(?i)\b(3D|geometry|geometric|shapes?|surfaces?|animation|visual)\b", 0.2, "both"),125 ],126 exclusions=[],127 related=["computer_vision", "hci", "generative_ai", "scientific_computing", "algorithms"],128 parent_of=[], child_of=[],129 provenance=("All 4 topics of OpenAlex subfield 1704 mapped (T13615 transportation safety is the unmapped one), plus "130 "animation (Engineering 2207) and visualization (1707). TOG/CGF/SIGGRAPH are near-pure; TVCG shared with HCI."),131),132]133