spb/wp44_uqo

1% references_part02.bib — WP44 Part II (Agent L). Every entry verified 2026-11-03 (see references_verification_part02.csv).23@misc{priem2022openalex,4  title = {{OpenAlex:} {A} fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and concepts},5  author = {Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar and Richard Orr},6  year = {2022},7  eprint = {2205.01833},8  archiveprefix = {arXiv},9  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01833},10  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}11}1213@misc{sutskever2014seq2seq,14  title = {Sequence to {Sequence} {Learning} with {Neural} {Networks}},15  author = {Ilya Sutskever and Oriol Vinyals and Quoc V. Le},16  year = {2014},17  eprint = {1409.3215},18  archiveprefix = {arXiv},19  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.3215},20  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}21}2223@misc{bahdanau2014attention,24  title = {Neural {Machine} {Translation} by {Jointly} {Learning} to {Align} and {Translate}},25  author = {Dzmitry Bahdanau and Kyunghyun Cho and Yoshua Bengio},26  year = {2014},27  eprint = {1409.0473},28  archiveprefix = {arXiv},29  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473},30  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}31}3233@misc{goodfellow2014gan,34  title = {Generative {Adversarial} {Networks}},35  author = {Ian J. Goodfellow and Jean Pouget-Abadie and Mehdi Mirza and Bing Xu and David Warde-Farley and Sherjil Ozair and Aaron Courville and Yoshua Bengio},36  year = {2014},37  eprint = {1406.2661},38  archiveprefix = {arXiv},39  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.2661},40  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}41}4243@misc{mikolov2013word2vec,44  title = {Efficient {Estimation} of {Word} {Representations} in {Vector} {Space}},45  author = {Tomas Mikolov and Kai Chen and Greg Corrado and Jeffrey Dean},46  year = {2013},47  eprint = {1301.3781},48  archiveprefix = {arXiv},49  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.3781},50  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}51}5253@misc{kingma2013vae,54  title = {{Auto-Encoding} {Variational} {Bayes}},55  author = {Diederik P Kingma and Max Welling},56  year = {2013},57  eprint = {1312.6114},58  archiveprefix = {arXiv},59  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6114},60  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}61}6263@misc{sevilla2022compute,64  title = {Compute {Trends} {Across} {Three} {Eras} of {Machine} {Learning}},65  author = {Jaime Sevilla and Lennart Heim and Anson Ho and Tamay Besiroglu and Marius Hobbhahn and Pablo Villalobos},66  year = {2022},67  eprint = {2202.05924},68  archiveprefix = {arXiv},69  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.05924},70  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}71}7273@misc{thompson2020limits,74  title = {The {Computational} {Limits} of {Deep} {Learning}},75  author = {Neil C. 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Gomez and Lukasz Kaiser and Illia Polosukhin},116  year = {2017},117  eprint = {1706.03762},118  archiveprefix = {arXiv},119  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.03762},120  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}121}122123@misc{brown2020gpt3,124  title = {Language {Models} are {Few-Shot} {Learners}},125  author = {Tom B. Brown and Benjamin Mann and Nick Ryder and Melanie Subbiah and Jared Kaplan and Prafulla Dhariwal and Arvind Neelakantan and Pranav Shyam and Girish Sastry and Amanda Askell and others},126  year = {2020},127  eprint = {2005.14165},128  archiveprefix = {arXiv},129  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14165},130  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}131}132133@misc{raffel2019t5,134  title = {Exploring the {Limits} of {Transfer} {Learning} with a {Unified} {Text-to-Text} {Transformer}},135  author = {Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu},136  year = {2019},137  eprint = {1910.10683},138  archiveprefix = {arXiv},139  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.10683},140  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}141}142143@misc{kaplan2020scaling,144  title = {Scaling {Laws} for {Neural} {Language} {Models}},145  author = {Jared Kaplan and Sam McCandlish and Tom Henighan and Tom B. Brown and Benjamin Chess and Rewon Child and Scott Gray and Alec Radford and Jeffrey Wu and Dario Amodei},146  year = {2020},147  eprint = {2001.08361},148  archiveprefix = {arXiv},149  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.08361},150  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}151}152153@misc{hoffmann2022chinchilla,154  title = {Training {Compute-Optimal} {Large} {Language} {Models}},155  author = {Jordan Hoffmann and Sebastian Borgeaud and Arthur Mensch and Elena Buchatskaya and Trevor Cai and Eliza Rutherford and Diego de Las Casas and Lisa Anne Hendricks and Johannes Welbl and Aidan Clark and others},156  year = {2022},157  eprint = {2203.15556},158  archiveprefix = {arXiv},159  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.15556},160  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}161}162163@misc{chowdhery2022palm,164  title = {{PaLM:} {Scaling} {Language} {Modeling} with {Pathways}},165  author = {Aakanksha Chowdhery and Sharan Narang and Jacob Devlin and Maarten Bosma and Gaurav Mishra and Adam Roberts and Paul Barham and Hyung Won Chung and Charles Sutton and Sebastian Gehrmann and others},166  year = {2022},167  eprint = {2204.02311},168  archiveprefix = {arXiv},169  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.02311},170  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}171}172173@misc{fedus2021switch,174  title = {Switch {Transformers:} {Scaling} to {Trillion} {Parameter} {Models} with {Simple} and {Efficient} {Sparsity}},175  author = {William Fedus and Barret Zoph and Noam Shazeer},176  year = {2021},177  eprint = {2101.03961},178  archiveprefix = {arXiv},179  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.03961},180  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}181}182183@misc{dosovitskiy2020vit,184  title = {An {Image} is {Worth} 16x16 {Words:} {Transformers} for {Image} {Recognition} at {Scale}},185  author = {Alexey Dosovitskiy and Lucas Beyer and Alexander Kolesnikov and Dirk Weissenborn and Xiaohua Zhai and Thomas Unterthiner and Mostafa Dehghani and Matthias Minderer and Georg Heigold and Sylvain Gelly and Jakob Uszkoreit and Neil Houlsby},186  year = {2020},187  eprint = {2010.11929},188  archiveprefix = {arXiv},189  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.11929},190  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}191}192193@misc{radford2021clip,194  title = {Learning {Transferable} {Visual} {Models} {From} {Natural} {Language} {Supervision}},195  author = {Alec Radford and Jong Wook Kim and Chris Hallacy and Aditya Ramesh and Gabriel Goh and Sandhini Agarwal and Girish Sastry and Amanda Askell and Pamela Mishkin and Jack Clark and Gretchen Krueger and Ilya Sutskever},196  year = {2021},197  eprint = {2103.00020},198  archiveprefix = {arXiv},199  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.00020},200  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}201}202203@misc{ramesh2021dalle,204  title = {{Zero-Shot} {Text-to-Image} {Generation}},205  author = {Aditya Ramesh and Mikhail Pavlov and Gabriel Goh and Scott Gray and Chelsea Voss and Alec Radford and Mark Chen and Ilya Sutskever},206  year = {2021},207  eprint = {2102.12092},208  archiveprefix = {arXiv},209  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.12092},210  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}211}212213@misc{ho2020ddpm,214  title = {Denoising {Diffusion} {Probabilistic} {Models}},215  author = {Jonathan Ho and Ajay Jain and Pieter Abbeel},216  year = {2020},217  eprint = {2006.11239},218  archiveprefix = {arXiv},219  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.11239},220  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}221}222223@misc{sohl2015diffusion,224  title = {Deep {Unsupervised} {Learning} using {Nonequilibrium} {Thermodynamics}},225  author = {Jascha Sohl-Dickstein and Eric A. Weiss and Niru Maheswaranathan and Surya Ganguli},226  year = {2015},227  eprint = {1503.03585},228  archiveprefix = {arXiv},229  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1503.03585},230  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}231}232233@misc{song2020score,234  title = {{Score-Based} {Generative} {Modeling} through {Stochastic} {Differential} {Equations}},235  author = {Yang Song and Jascha Sohl-Dickstein and Diederik P. Kingma and Abhishek Kumar and Stefano Ermon and Ben Poole},236  year = {2020},237  eprint = {2011.13456},238  archiveprefix = {arXiv},239  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.13456},240  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}241}242243@misc{dhariwal2021beats,244  title = {Diffusion {Models} {Beat} {GANs} on {Image} {Synthesis}},245  author = {Prafulla Dhariwal and Alex Nichol},246  year = {2021},247  eprint = {2105.05233},248  archiveprefix = {arXiv},249  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.05233},250  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}251}252253@misc{bommasani2021foundation,254  title = {On the {Opportunities} and {Risks} of {Foundation} {Models}},255  author = {Rishi Bommasani and Drew A. Hudson and Ehsan Adeli and Russ Altman and Simran Arora and Sydney von Arx and Michael S. Bernstein and Jeannette Bohg and Antoine Bosselut and Emma Brunskill and others},256  year = {2021},257  eprint = {2108.07258},258  archiveprefix = {arXiv},259  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.07258},260  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}261}262263@misc{wei2022cot,264  title = {{Chain-of-Thought} {Prompting} {Elicits} {Reasoning} in {Large} {Language} {Models}},265  author = {Jason Wei and Xuezhi Wang and Dale Schuurmans and Maarten Bosma and Brian Ichter and Fei Xia and Ed Chi and Quoc Le and Denny Zhou},266  year = {2022},267  eprint = {2201.11903},268  archiveprefix = {arXiv},269  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.11903},270  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}271}272273@misc{wei2022emergent,274  title = {Emergent {Abilities} of {Large} {Language} {Models}},275  author = {Jason Wei and Yi Tay and Rishi Bommasani and Colin Raffel and Barret Zoph and Sebastian Borgeaud and Dani Yogatama and Maarten Bosma and Denny Zhou and Donald Metzler and others},276  year = {2022},277  eprint = {2206.07682},278  archiveprefix = {arXiv},279  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.07682},280  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}281}282283@misc{chen2021codex,284  title = {Evaluating {Large} {Language} {Models} {Trained} on {Code}},285  author = {Mark Chen and Jerry Tworek and Heewoo Jun and Qiming Yuan and Henrique Ponde de Oliveira Pinto and Jared Kaplan and Harri Edwards and Yuri Burda and Nicholas Joseph and Greg Brockman and others},286  year = {2021},287  eprint = {2107.03374},288  archiveprefix = {arXiv},289  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.03374},290  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}291}292293@misc{ouyang2022instructgpt,294  title = {Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback},295  author = {Long Ouyang and Jeff Wu and Xu Jiang and Diogo Almeida and Carroll L. Wainwright and Pamela Mishkin and Chong Zhang and Sandhini Agarwal and Katarina Slama and Alex Ray and others},296  year = {2022},297  eprint = {2203.02155},298  archiveprefix = {arXiv},299  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.02155},300  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}301}302303@misc{christiano2017rlhf,304  title = {Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences},305  author = {Paul Christiano and Jan Leike and Tom B. Brown and Miljan Martic and Shane Legg and Dario Amodei},306  year = {2017},307  eprint = {1706.03741},308  archiveprefix = {arXiv},309  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.03741},310  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}311}312313@misc{stiennon2020summarize,314  title = {Learning to summarize from human feedback},315  author = {Nisan Stiennon and Long Ouyang and Jeff Wu and Daniel M. Ziegler and Ryan Lowe and Chelsea Voss and Alec Radford and Dario Amodei and Paul Christiano},316  year = {2020},317  eprint = {2009.01325},318  archiveprefix = {arXiv},319  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.01325},320  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}321}322323@misc{bai2022hh,324  title = {Training a {Helpful} and {Harmless} {Assistant} with {Reinforcement} {Learning} from {Human} {Feedback}},325  author = {Yuntao Bai and Andy Jones and Kamal Ndousse and Amanda Askell and Anna Chen and Nova DasSarma and Dawn Drain and Stanislav Fort and Deep Ganguli and Tom Henighan and others},326  year = {2022},327  eprint = {2204.05862},328  archiveprefix = {arXiv},329  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.05862},330  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}331}332333@misc{lewis2020rag,334  title = {{Retrieval-Augmented} {Generation} for {Knowledge-Intensive} {NLP} {Tasks}},335  author = {Patrick Lewis and Ethan Perez and Aleksandra Piktus and Fabio Petroni and Vladimir Karpukhin and Naman Goyal and Heinrich Küttler and Mike Lewis and Wen-tau Yih and Tim Rocktäschel and Sebastian Riedel and Douwe Kiela},336  year = {2020},337  eprint = {2005.11401},338  archiveprefix = {arXiv},339  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.11401},340  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}341}342343@misc{hendrycks2020mmlu,344  title = {Measuring {Massive} {Multitask} {Language} {Understanding}},345  author = {Dan Hendrycks and Collin Burns and Steven Basart and Andy Zou and Mantas Mazeika and Dawn Song and Jacob Steinhardt},346  year = {2020},347  eprint = {2009.03300},348  archiveprefix = {arXiv},349  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.03300},350  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}351}352353@misc{wang2019superglue,354  title = {{SuperGLUE:} {A} {Stickier} {Benchmark} for {General-Purpose} {Language} {Understanding} {Systems}},355  author = {Alex Wang and Yada Pruksachatkun and Nikita Nangia and Amanpreet Singh and Julian Michael and Felix Hill and Omer Levy and Samuel R. Bowman},356  year = {2019},357  eprint = {1905.00537},358  archiveprefix = {arXiv},359  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.00537},360  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}361}362363@misc{srivastava2022bigbench,364  title = {Beyond the {Imitation} {Game:} {Quantifying} and extrapolating the capabilities of language models},365  author = {Aarohi Srivastava and Abhinav Rastogi and Abhishek Rao and Abu Awal Md Shoeb and Abubakar Abid and Adam Fisch and Adam R. Brown and Adam Santoro and Aditya Gupta and Adrià Garriga-Alonso and others},366  year = {2022},367  eprint = {2206.04615},368  archiveprefix = {arXiv},369  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.04615},370  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}371}372373@misc{patterson2021carbon,374  title = {Carbon {Emissions} and {Large} {Neural} {Network} {Training}},375  author = {David Patterson and Joseph Gonzalez and Quoc Le and Chen Liang and Lluis-Miquel Munguia and Daniel Rothchild and David So and Maud Texier and Jeff Dean},376  year = {2021},377  eprint = {2104.10350},378  archiveprefix = {arXiv},379  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.10350},380  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}381}382383@misc{shoeybi2019megatron,384  title = {{Megatron-LM:} {Training} {Multi-Billion} {Parameter} {Language} {Models} {Using} {Model} {Parallelism}},385  author = {Mohammad Shoeybi and Mostofa Patwary and Raul Puri and Patrick LeGresley and Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro},386  year = {2019},387  eprint = {1909.08053},388  archiveprefix = {arXiv},389  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.08053},390  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}391}392393@misc{rajbhandari2019zero,394  title = {{ZeRO:} {Memory} {Optimizations} {Toward} {Training} {Trillion} {Parameter} {Models}},395  author = {Samyam Rajbhandari and Jeff Rasley and Olatunji Ruwase and Yuxiong He},396  year = {2019},397  eprint = {1910.02054},398  archiveprefix = {arXiv},399  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.02054},400  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}401}402403@misc{dao2022flashattention,404  title = {{FlashAttention:} {Fast} and {Memory-Efficient} {Exact} {Attention} with {IO-Awareness}},405  author = {Tri Dao and Daniel Y. Fu and Stefano Ermon and Atri Rudra and Christopher Ré},406  year = {2022},407  eprint = {2205.14135},408  archiveprefix = {arXiv},409  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.14135},410  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}411}412413@misc{rae2021gopher,414  title = {Scaling {Language} {Models:} {Methods,} {Analysis} \& {Insights} from {Training} {Gopher}},415  author = {Jack W. Rae and Sebastian Borgeaud and Trevor Cai and Katie Millican and Jordan Hoffmann and Francis Song and John Aslanides and Sarah Henderson and Roman Ring and Susannah Young and others},416  year = {2021},417  eprint = {2112.11446},418  archiveprefix = {arXiv},419  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.11446},420  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}421}422423@misc{bigscience2022bloom,424  title = {{BLOOM:} {A} {176B-Parameter} {Open-Access} {Multilingual} {Language} {Model}},425  author = {{BigScience Workshop}},426  year = {2022},427  eprint = {2211.05100},428  archiveprefix = {arXiv},429  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.05100},430  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}431}432433@misc{zhang2022opt,434  title = {{OPT:} {Open} {Pre-trained} {Transformer} {Language} {Models}},435  author = {Susan Zhang and Stephen Roller and Naman Goyal and Mikel Artetxe and Moya Chen and Shuohui Chen and Christopher Dewan and Mona Diab and Xian Li and Xi Victoria Lin and others},436  year = {2022},437  eprint = {2205.01068},438  archiveprefix = {arXiv},439  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01068},440  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}441}442443@misc{liu2019roberta,444  title = {{RoBERTa:} {A} {Robustly} {Optimized} {BERT} {Pretraining} {Approach}},445  author = {Yinhan Liu and Myle Ott and Naman Goyal and Jingfei Du and Mandar Joshi and Danqi Chen and Omer Levy and Mike Lewis and Luke Zettlemoyer and Veselin Stoyanov},446  year = {2019},447  eprint = {1907.11692},448  archiveprefix = {arXiv},449  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692},450  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}451}452453@misc{chen2020simclr,454  title = {{A} {Simple} {Framework} for {Contrastive} {Learning} of {Visual} {Representations}},455  author = {Ting Chen and Simon Kornblith and Mohammad Norouzi and Geoffrey Hinton},456  year = {2020},457  eprint = {2002.05709},458  archiveprefix = {arXiv},459  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.05709},460  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}461}462463@misc{baevski2020wav2vec,464  title = {wav2vec 2.0: {A} {Framework} for {Self-Supervised} {Learning} of {Speech} {Representations}},465  author = {Alexei Baevski and Henry Zhou and Abdelrahman Mohamed and Michael Auli},466  year = {2020},467  eprint = {2006.11477},468  archiveprefix = {arXiv},469  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.11477},470  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}471}472473@misc{alayrac2022flamingo,474  title = {Flamingo: a {Visual} {Language} {Model} for {Few-Shot} {Learning}},475  author = {Jean-Baptiste Alayrac and Jeff Donahue and Pauline Luc and Antoine Miech and Iain Barr and Yana Hasson and Karel Lenc and Arthur Mensch and Katie Millican and Malcolm Reynolds and others},476  year = {2022},477  eprint = {2204.14198},478  archiveprefix = {arXiv},479  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.14198},480  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}481}482483@misc{reed2022gato,484  title = {{A} {Generalist} {Agent}},485  author = {Scott Reed and Konrad Zolna and Emilio Parisotto and Sergio Gomez Colmenarejo and Alexander Novikov and Gabriel Barth-Maron and Mai Gimenez and Yury Sulsky and Jackie Kay and Jost Tobias Springenberg and others},486  year = {2022},487  eprint = {2205.06175},488  archiveprefix = {arXiv},489  howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.06175},490  note = {verified: arxiv API 2026-11-03}491}492493@misc{saharia2022imagen,494  title = {Photorealistic {Text-to-Image} {Diffusion} {Models} with {Deep} {Language} {Understanding}},495  author = {Chitwan Saharia and William Chan and Saurabh Saxena and Lala Li and Jay Whang and Emily Denton and Seyed Kamyar Seyed Ghasemipour and Burcu Karagol Ayan and S. 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